Atomic mass is the number of...
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Atomic number is only concerned with protons
Electrons in which shell have the greatest binding energy?
K
L
M
N
If you increase atomic number, you...
Increase binding energy
Decrease atomic mass
Change the number of electrons
Which of these are particulate radiation?
Alpha rays
Beta rays
X-rays
Gamma rays
Cosmic rays
Alpha rays are more damaging than beta rays.
Capacity of particulate radiation to ionise depends on...
Mass
Velocity
Charge
Force
Wave theory states that...
Wavelength x Frequency = speed of light
Energy = plancks constant x speed of light / wavelength
Quantum theory states that...
Energy = Speed of light x Plancks constant / Wavelength
Wavelength x Frequency = Speed of light
X-rays are energy electromagnetic radiation produced by interactions of with an atomic nucleus.
X-rays travel at the speed of light.
X-rays produce ionisation.
Most natural background radiation is from...
Radon exposure
Food
Cosmic radiation
Medical exposure
Absorption of X-rays occurs by the...
Photoelectric effect
Compton effect
Absorption is proportional to the cube of the...
Atomic number
Atomic mass
X-ray energy
As well as contributing to the image, absorption gives rise to radiation dose.
Absorption is inversely proportional to the
Cube of the X-ray energy
X-ray scatter produces
A compton recoil electron
A photoelectron
A weakened, deflected X-ray photon
A full energy X-ray photon
Coherent scatter tends to occur with...
Low energy X-ray photons
High energy X-ray photons
Absorption makes up the majority of X-ray interactions and 30-40% of this leads to operator dose.
Absorbed dose is measured in...
milliGrays
Microsiverts
Arbitrary units
Equivalent dose =
Radiation weighting factor x Absorbed dose
Tissue weighting factor x Absorbed dose x Radiation weighting factor
Absorbed dose x Exposure
Tissue weighting factor x Radiation weighting factor
Effective dose =
Absorbed dose x Tissue weighting factor x Radiation weighting factor
Absorbed dose x Radiation weighting factor
Absorbed dose x Tissue weighting factor
Effective dose is measured in...
Milligrays
Microsieverts
One OPG is roughly equivalent to..
16 hours of natural background radiation
3 days of natural background radiation
A week of natural background radiation
Which type of dental radiography carries the highest risk of fatal cancer?
CT scan of the Maxilla
Lateral cephalogram
OPG
Bitewing radiograph
New annual occupational dose limits say that non-classified workers such as dentists may be exposed up to...
6 mSv
20 mSv
15 mSv
5 mSv
Old annual occupational dose limits say that non-classified workers such as dentists could be exposed up to...
1 mSv
According to radiation legislation, dentists are classed as...
General public
Non-classified workers
Classified workers
Effective dose considers the radiosensitivity of body organs as well as the type of radiation the patient is exposed to.
Equivalent dose considers the radiosensitivity of body organs as well as the type of radiation the patient is exposed to.
Effective dose = Absorbed dose x Radiation weighting factor
Equivalent dose = Absorbed dose x Radiation weighting factor
Absorbed dose is...
The amount of energy absorbed from the X-ray beam
The ability of radiation to ionise air
The amount of energy absorbed from the X-ray beam as well as considering the type of radiation involved