Reserve buoyancy is __________.
the watertight portion of a vessel above the waterline
also called GM
the void portion of the ship below the waterline which is enclosed and watertight
affected by the number of transverse watertight bulkheads
A vessel is tender if cargo weight is __________.
concentrated high and the double bottoms empty
concentrated low and the double bottoms empty
evenly distributed vertically with the double bottoms full
concentrated and with the double bottoms full
The purpose of the inclining experiment is to __________.
determine the lightweight center of gravity location
determine the location of the metacenter
verify the hydrostatic data
verify data in the vessel's operating manual
Metacentric height is an indication of a vessel's stability __________.
for small angles of inclination
for all angles of inclination
for large angles of inclination
all of the above
Transverse stability calculations require the use of __________.
hydrostatic curves
hog or sag calculations or tables
general arrangement plans
cross-sectional views of the vessel
Which statement is true regarding the free surface effect?
It decreases at increased angles of heel due to pocketing when a tank is 90% full.
It increases in direct proportion to the length of the tank times the breadth squared.
It decreases in direct proportion to increasing specific gravity of the liquid in the tank.
In practice, the correction is considered to be a virtual reduction of KG.
Which will be a result of removing on-deck containers?
Metacentric height will increase
KG will increase
KB will increase
Reserve buoyancy will decrease
In order to minimize the effects of a tender vessel, when carrying a cargo of lumber, you should __________.
place the heaviest woods in the lower holds
maximize your deck load
distribute lumber so that those stowing most compactly per unit of weight are in the upper holds
keep the vessel's frame spaces free from lumber
Which is an indication of reserve buoyancy?
Freeboard
Metacentric height
Righting moment
Rolling period
Which action will affect the trim of a vessel?
Moving a weight forward
Moving high weights lower
Adding weight at the tipping center
All of the above
If a vessel is sagging, what kind of stress is placed on the sheer strake?
Compression
Tension
Thrust
Racking
What will happen when cargo is shifted from the main deck into the lower hold of a vessel?
The GM will increase.
The metacenter will move upward
The center of buoyancy will move upward
How do you improve a vessel’s stability?
Keep ballast water tank fulll
Increase the free surface effect of liquid storage tanks
Keep fuel tanks at least half full
Keep at least one fuel tank empty for slops
With regards to metacentric height, which of the following statement is true?
It is used to indicate the quality of initial stability.
It is located below the center of buoyancy.
It is measured vertically above the center of buoyancy.
Its determination is the objective of the inclining experiment.
A vessel should normally behave as is all of its weight is acting downward through the center of gravity and all of its support is acting upward through the_____________.
center of buoyancy
keel
tipping center
amidships section
Which of the listed initials is used to represent the indicator of initial stability?
GM
KG
KM
GZ
The quality of initial stability is indicated by _______________.
Deck load
Maximum allowed KG
A stiff wind has caused a difference to occur between the port and starboard drafts. What do you call this condition?
Heel
List
Trim
Flotation
Pitching is angular motion of the vessel about which axis?
Transverse
Longitudinal
Vertical
Centerline
Yawing is the angular motion of the vessel about what axis?
Pitching is the rising and falling motion of the bow of a ship oscillating about what axis?
The value of the maximum righting arm is dependent upon the position of the center of buoyancy and the _____________.
vertical location of the center of gravity
longitudinal center of gravity
transverse center of gravity
downflooding angle
What is the stability term for the distance between the center of gravity (G) to the Metacenter (M)?
Metacentri height
Metacentric radius
Height of the metacenter
Righting arm
What is termed as horizontal fore and aft motion of a vessel while underway?
Surge
Pitch
Sway
Roll
What do you call the angular movement of a vessel about a horizontal line drawn from its bow to its stern?
Rolling
Pitching
Heaving
Swaying
How can generally improve the vessel’s stability in a hazardous situation?
Ballasting appropriate port or starboard deep tanks
Pumping double bottoms to the forepeak
transferring ballast athwartships
deballasting double bottoms
When flooding occurs in a damaged vessel, what happened to the reserve buoyancy?
Decrease
Remains the same
Increase
Shifts to the low side
While on a voyage, the vessel's master observed that the vessel touched bottom, what should he immediately do?
File a marine protest and underwater examination
Request for drydocking
Request for surveyor
Request for divers
Many uninspected vessels require load lines to indicate the maximum ___________.
amidship's draft to which a vessel can be lawfully submerged
reserve buoyancy under any condition
angle of reduced freeboard for subdivision calculations
freeboard for the light ship displacement
The construction of vessel made of steel should have a grade in accordance with what guidelines?
Rules of the classification society
Rules of the shipyard
Shipping law
Admiralty law
The construction of vessel made of steel should have a grade in accordance with the ____________.
Grade steel certificate
Rules of S.M.E. Code
What is the purpose of swash bulkheads?
Reduce liquid movement and surging within a tank
Separate cargoes in a common tank
Used whenever the 'gray' water drain system connection is located in a bulkhead
Restrict flooding within a tank
The inclining experiment conducted on a merchant ship is the method for determining the exact location of the ______________.
position of the ship’s center of gravity
ship’s displacement in seawater
position of the ship’s center of buoyancy
position of the ship’smetacenter
What do you call a vessel having a concentration of weight toward the top of the vessel?
Tender
Stiff
Stiffbuoyant
Neutral
Angular motion about the vertical axis of a vessel is known as ________.
yaw
surge
hog
roll
What effect will transferring fuel oil from #1P double bottom to #3P double bottom have on the trim of a vessel?
The forward draft will decrease.
The mean draft will increase.
The mean draft will decrease.
The after draft will decrease.
Which of the listed conditions will occur to the ship’s center of gravity if 200 tons of steel is transferred to the ship’s cargo from shore side?
The center of gravity will be lowered.
The reserve buoyancy will rise.
The center of gravity will remain in the same position.
The reserve buoyancy will remain the same.
What is the usual effect of moving weight from low in the vessel to above the main deck?
The stability is decreased.
The stability is increased.
The draft is increased.
The reserve buoyancy is decreased.
What is the usual effect of moving weight from the main deck to a position lower in the vessel?
The stability of the vessel is increased.
The trim of the vessel is increase.
The stability of the vessel is significantly decreased.
The vessel will list in proportion to the volume of the cargo shifted.
The reserve buoyancy of a ship consists of ________________.
the part of the enclosed and watertight portion of a vessel above the waterline
all cofferdams, double bottoms, and wing tanks that are slack
the percentage of the volume of a compartment which can be occupied by water if flooded
What do you call a distance between the bottom of the hull and the waterline?
Draft
Tonnage
Reserve buoyancy
Rolling is the angular motion of the vessel about what axis?
What is termed as the difference between the initial trim of a vessel and the trim after a change in load has occurred?
Change of trim
Final trim
Change of draft
Reserve buoyancy is the _________________.
volume of intact space above the waterline
unoccupied space below the waterline
excess of the buoyant force over gravitational force
difference between buoyancy in salt and fresh waters
When is adverse effect due to free surface become apparent?
When a portion of liquid is removed from a full tank
When the vessel is trimmed by the stern
When the vessel’s draft is decreased exposing more surface area to the wind and current
When the vessel’s draft is increased, thus increasing the vessel’s wetted surface area
What is the condition of a vessel trimmed down by the bow?
Greater draft forward than aft
Zero trim
Low mean draft
Greater draft aft than forward
The difference between the initial trim of a vessel and the trim after a change in load has occurred is known as _____________.
change of trim
trim
final trim
change of draft
The factor contributing to the greatest effect on the ship’s period of roll is the ____________.
vertical weight distribution
length of KB
virtual rise in the center of gravity
moment to trim 1 inch (MT 1)
Longitudinal stability indicates the tendency of a ship to resist a ________.
change in trim
change in list
change in mean draft
change in the period of roll
The angular movement of a vessel about a horizontal line drawn from its bow to its stern is _______________.
rolling
heaving
swaying
You may improve a vessel’s stability by _______________.
keeping double-bottom fuel tanks topped off
increasing the free surface effect of liquid storage tanks
keeping fuel tanks at least half full
keeping at least one fuel tank empty for slops
Adverse effect due to free surface will become apparent when _____________.
a portion of liquid is removed from a full tank
the vessel is trimmed by the stern
the vessel’s draft is decreased exposing more surface area to the wind and current
the vessel’s draft is increased, thus increasing the vessel’s wetted surface area
The reserve buoyancy of a vessel varies directly with changed in the vessel’s_____.
freeboard
free surface
rolling period
none of the above
Flooding of any compartment in a ship, resulting in a serious loss of reserve buoyancy, will always ________________.
reduce ship stability
increase ship stability
cause a serious permanent list
decrease the heeling moment
When flooding occurs in a damaged vessel, reserve buoyancy _____________.
decrease
remains the same
increase
shifts to the low side
A vessel should normally behave as is all of its weight is acting downward through the center of gravity and all of its support is acting upward through the ___________________.
The center of volume of the immersed portion of the vessel is the _________________.
center of floatation
metacentric height
center of gravity
In small angle stability, when external forces exist, the buoyant force is assumed to act vertically upwards through the center of buoyancy and though the _____________.
metacenter
The stability term for the distance between the center of gravity (G) to the Metacenter (M), when small angle stability applies is known as the ________________.
metacentri height
metacentric radius
height of the metacenter
righting arm
The water in which a vessel floats provides vertical upward support. The point through which this support is assumed to act is known as the center of _______________.
buoyancy
effort
flotation
gravity
In the absence of external forces, the center of gravity of a floating vessel is located directly above the _______________.
geometric center of the displaced volume
amidships
center of flotation
Which abbreviation represents the height of the center of buoyancy?
KB
BK
CB
BM
The purpose of the vessels “inclining experiment” is to _____________.
determine the position of the lightship center of gravity
verify data in the vessel’s operating manual
Stability is determined principally by the relationship of the center of gravity and the __________.
aft perpendicular
Any single ship’s compartment sustaining partial flooding with free communication to the sea will _________.
seriously decrease stability
increase reserve buoyancy
decrease the free surface effect
result in the ship’s sinking
Horizontal fore and aft motion of a vessel while underway is called ________.
pitch
sway
Vessel bilge keels are designed primarily to __________.
assist in reducing rolling
improve vessel steering response
reinforce the bilge knuckle in way of double bottom tanks
provide strengthening of the bilge plating through the mid-body
A vessel having a concentration of weight toward the top of the vessel is said to be ___________.
tender
stiff
stiffbuoyant
neutral
You can generally improve the vessel’s stability in a hazardous situation by _________.
ballasting appropriate port or starboard deep tanks
pumping double bottoms to the forepeak
If fuel oil is burned from only the starboard tanks, the ship will _________.
list to port
go down by the head
list to starboard
trim by the stern
A vessel trimmed down by the bow has ______________.
a greater draft forward than aft
zero trim
a low mean draft
a greater draft aft than forward
A stiff wind has caused a difference to occur between the port and starboard drafts. This condition is known as _________.
heel
list
The distance between the bottom of the hull and the waterline is called _______.
draft
tonnage
reserve buoyancy
For an upright vessel, draft is the vertical distance between the keel and the ____________.
waterline
freeboard deck
Plimsoll mark
You may improve a vessel’s stability by ______________.
keeping the fuel tanks topped off
increasing the free surface effect
keeping the fuel tanks at least half full
Reducing the free surface of a liquid within a tank has the effect of lowering the ___________.
virtual height of the center of gravity
uncorrected ‘KG’
