Indicate in which of the shown organs develops a coagulative necrosis
Brain
Kidney
Myocardium
Intestine
Indicate in which of the listed organs liquefactive necrosis occurs:
Liver
The outcome of anemic brain attack may be:
Cyst
Pseudocyst
Gliosis
Scarring
Caseous necrosis is typical for:
Specific inflammation
TBC
Enzyme fat necrosis
Chronic pyelonephritis
At autopsy in the temporal lobe of the brain is found a cyst with a diameter of 2cm, with smooth walls filled with a clear pale yellow liquid. Specify what it is:
Abscess of the brain
Pseudocyst of the brain
Tumor
Encephalitis
Is formalin a suitable fixative for proof of neutral fat with Sudan 3?
Yes
No
Which stains are used for detection of amyloid?
Sudan 3
Congorot
Iodine solution + Sulfuric acid (H2So4)
Thiophlavin S - UV
The term "patognomonic change" means?
Changes with unclear origin
Paradoxal changes
Sufficient for diagnosis changes
Diffuse inflammatory changes
It is recommended that the material for the biopsy should be taken:
With electric knife
From central area of lesion
From periphery of the lesion
Entirely Removed
Hyaline-drop Degeneration is:
Celluar
Extracellular
Protein
Carbohydrate
Brown induration of the lung is seen in:
Acute left heart failure
Chronic left heart failure
Lobar pneumonia
Chronic right heart failure
What is true?
In Pompe disease accumulation cholesterol in the liver
In von Gierke glycogen accumulates primarily in the myocardium
Tay-Sacks disease is known as the amavrotic idioty
in Gaucher disease is observed deposition of cerebrozides
Apoptosis is programmed cell death, necrosis - end stage degenerative processes
Apoptosis affects individual cells, necrosis - large areas
Necrosis induces an inflammatory response, apoptosis does not lead to tissue reaction
Apoptosis is a reversible process, and necrosis can be stopped
With regard to the completeness of the survey which is the number of biopsies needed to be taken in the course of a routine autopsy?
5
10
20
0
Optimal for routine biopsy survey are:
Tissue fragment with a size of 1cm, immersed in a double volume of fixative for 3 hours
Tissue fragments with size 4cm - 20 times the volume of the retainer, for 8 hours
In freezing microtome regardless of the size of the tissue
Tissue cubes with size 1cm at 20 times larger volume of container for 24 hours
Proof of lipids is done by:
Freezing microtom
Paraffin method
Alcohol fixation
Staining with Sudan 3
For proof of carbohydrates is appropriate to use:
Freeze microtom
Formalin fixation
PAS staining
Frozen section serves for:
Intraoperative histological diagnosis
Cytologic diagnosis
Detection of amyloid
Demonstration of lipids
Specify the correct meaning of the terms:
Livores - postmortem discoloration
Algor mortis - Stiffness of muscles
Rigor morits - cooling of the body
Decay of body - Autolytic changes
Which of the listed cellular injuries are irreversible:
Necrosis
Apoptosis
Fatty degeneration
Cellular edema
Which of the following deposits are expression of protein degeneration?
Caunsilman's bodies
Russel's bodies
Mallory's bodies
Asteroid bodies
"Tiger" heart is diagnosed in view of:
Subepicardial adipose tissue
Papillary muscle
Interventricular septum
The area of heart attacks of the left ventricle
Amyloid has the following characteristics:
Shines in polarized light in Tioflavin S
In Congorot shows no fluorescence
Ultrastructurally has fibrillary structure
Shows metachromasia on Perls
The reaction with the Prussian blue is used for the detection of:
Mealnin
Bilirubin
Hemosiderin
Calcium
Hyaline is:
Uniform, transparent and colourless
Cellular degeneration product
Extracellular degeneration deposit
Causes an inflammatory response at the site of deposition
Metachromasia is:
Immunohistochemical reaction
Expression of cellular atypia
Changes the primary colour of the stain depending on the chemical composition of the substance
Impregnative methodology for argyropfilic fibers
Which colours are used in the detection of amyloid?
Iodine + Sulfuric Acid (H2So4)
Which of the listed terms are related to amyloid deposit?
Porfiric down
Sago Spleen
Big White Kidney
Flint Liver
Point the main histological types of necrosis:
Coagulative necrosis
a heart attack
Gangrene
Liquefactive necrosis
Mutilation means:
A form of biological mutation
Pendulum-like movement of the blood
Zonal hair loss
Selfamputacion of the phalanges
A complete resection of altered tissue is achieved with:
Incisive biopsy
Excisive biopsy
Aspiration biopsy
Puncture Biopsy
Specify the characteristic signs of mucoid edema
Positive staining for fibrin
The basic substance shows eosinophillia
Positive PAS reaction
the transverse strip of collagen
Hyaline-drop degeneration is:
Cellular
CARB
Indicate pathological processes and diseases in which develops widespread connective tissue hyalinosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatism
In hypertensive disease
Atherosclerosis
Whats true?
Android obesity can be seen in women
Gynoid obesity is of superior type
Dercum's disease is due to pluriglandular endocrinopathy
In Madelunga syndrome
Specify which pigments are related to hemoglobinogenic:
Melanin
Lipofuscin
Porphyrin
Which pigments are formed in the center of hematomas
Hemomelanin
Hematoidin
The mechanical jaundice is:
Holostatic
Posthepatic
Direct
Hemolytic
In mechanical jaundice
Indirect bilirubin in the blood revails
In urine urobilinogen is not found
In the urine is found bilirubin
Stools are hyperpigmented
The reactions for the Purssian blue is used for:
Tattoos
Proof of bilirubin
Proof of hemosiderin
in hemochromatosis
In hemolytic jaundice is found:
Indirect bilirubin in the blood prevails
In urine urobilinogen is found
Specify which pigments are deposited in Brown atrophy of the liver?
Specify the characteristic signs of hemosiderin
Does not contain iron
Contains iron
Located in living cells
Is found extracellularly
Specify which pigments are elevated in hemolytic jaundice
Ferritin
Direct bilirubin
Indirect bilirubin
Specify the conditions and diseases in which is seen distrophic/degenerative/calcification
Aterocalcinosis
Deposition of calcium in the vessels of the stomach
Phlebolites
Calcifications in Primary Tuberculous Complex
Hyaline is deposited
In plasma incorporation into vessel wall
End of local inflammatory processes
Outcome of fibrinoid necrosis
Liquefactive Necrosis
Where is developing fatty degeneration of liver in hyperlipidemia by overconsumption:
At the periphery of lobules
Diffuse
In the Centre of lobules
Is not developing a fatty degeneration
Specify which pathological processes show calcium metastases:
Hypercalcemia
Hypervitaminosis A
Specify the conditions in which there is hyperpigmentation of the skin
Addison's disease
Ephelides
Vitiligo
Nevus
Which of the listed terms are associated with Amyloidosis?
Porphiric Spleen
Sago spleen
Large white kidney
Specify the characteristic macroscopic change of organs in Amyloidosis
Glazed spleen
Arteriolosclerotic Nephrosclerosis
Lardaceous ham spleen
Large White Kidney
For amyloidosis is not characteristic one of the following qualitie
Metachromasia
Positive staining with Sudan 3
Wax Density
Translucent
Point two possible outcomes of hydropic degeneration
Recovery
Transition in CARB degeneration
Intracelluar deposits of calcium salts
Which of the listed cellular injuries are irreversible
Balloon degeneration
Necrobiosis
Hemolytic jaundice may be:
Subhepatic
Prehepatic
Indirect
Obstructive
Which of the following is not a form of Amyloidosis
Primary
Reactive
Parenchymal
Local
In which diseases often develop Amyloidosis
Bronchiectatic disease
Malignant myeloma
Arterial hypertension
Rheumatoid artritis
Bilateral eyelid skin of adult shows nodules with yellow colour and rice grains, they are:
Xanthelasmi
Nevus pigmentosus
Hemosiderin deposits
In which diseases calcium deposits are called dystrophic?
At athercalcinosis
In the arterioles of the kidney
Psammoma type of meningeoma
In the heart valve defect
The comparison "signet ring cell" with a stone facing inwards is used in:
In fatty degeneration of hepatocytes
Mucus-producing adenocarcinoma
Vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes
Henle's loop epithelial cells degeneration
Specify the typical deposition of amyloid for primary amyloidosis:
Pericollagenic
Perireticular
Pericollagenic and Perireticular
Intracellular
In the stomach is found a large tumor with mucus collection. Microscopically in the tumor slides are detected tumor cells with a doughnut shape which cytoplasm show PAS-positive stain. What type of degeneration is depicted in this case?
Mucus degeneration
Hyaline-drop degeneration
Fibrinoid degeneration
Indicate which of the following conditions is an example of local hemosiderosis:
Hemolytic anemia
Brown lung induration
Brown atrophy of liver
Lipogranulom
Specify enzymes involved in melanogenesis
Hyaluronidase
Tirozinaza
DOPA-oxidase
Lipase
The sequence of local structural changes in the course of the disease is called
Sanogenesis
Pathogenesis
Tanathogenesis
Morphogenesis
Hyaline is deposited in
In plasma insudation
As outcome of fibrinoid necrosis
As outcome of local inflammatory processes
Specify the conditions under which does not develop fatty degeneration of the liver:
Active hyperemia
Chronic pulmonary heart
Anemia
Diabetes mellitus
Which of the following is not a form of amyloidosis
Into paraenchymal cells