Detection and Identification of Microorganisms

In an outbreak situation molecular epidemiology is used to______

In molecular testing of microorganisms what are the analyses?

Match an organism with a resistance gene target.

What are the primary molecular methods used in clinical microbiology laboratory?

Which of the following organisms is bardes to lyse?

Removal of RNases is essential for analysis of with of the following targets?

Which of the following PCR inhibitors is present in the sputum?

In a PCR procedure a sensitivity control is used to show____

Which of the following is a genotypic method for typing organisms?

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis has been performed on two isolates of Escherichia coli that have been isolated from the blood of newborns in the same neonatal unit. The banding pattern of the two isolates differed by two bands. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?

Define Epidemic

Define Pandemic

Define Epidemiology

Primary resistance mutations _______

Secondary-resistance mutations ______

Which of the following is the molecular target for most epidemiological investigations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Which of the following typing methods has high typing capacity, discriminatory power, reproducibility, and moderate ease of use?

DNA is isolated from a test organism and cut with restriction enzymes. The fragments are ligated to adapters that are complementary to primers that are added to perform a PCR. In a second PCR, selective primers are used to amplify some of the amplicons produced in the first PCR. Finally, the products of the second PCR are separated by gel electrophoresis and analyzed. Which of the following methods was described?

In the interpretation of pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns, what is the maximum number of bands that can differ between two organisms before those organisms are determined to be different?

A PCR assay that uses short primers that amplify random sequences found throughout the genome of the test organism is what variation of PCR?

The ability of a typing method to distinguish between unrelated strains is which of the following criteria?

When a typing method is repeated and the results are the same each time, the method has high:

Which of the following genes is a target in molecular-based assays and confers resistance to vancomycin in the enterococci?

A PCR assay on DNA isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab was performed with the following results: amplification using primers to IS481 was positive and using primers to IS1001 was negative. All controls were acceptable. Which of the following organisms was present in this sample?

A PCR assay using primers specific for the autolysin (lytA) gene was performed on a sputum specimen from a 10-year-old girl. The specimen was positive, and all controls were acceptable. Which of the following is the best interpretation of these results?

Which of the following molecular-based assay and detected organism combinations has been FDA-approved?

PCR with RFLP analysis and reverse hybridization of the 5′ untranslated region of hepatitis C virus is the principle of which of the following commercial assays?

HIV genotyping is performed for which of the following reasons?

Which of the following genes is the target in molecular-based assays that are used to quantitate the amount of HIV in a patient?

Which of the following molecular-based assays is FDA-approved for the detection of human papillomavirus in endocervical specimens?

Which of the following organisms was one of the first targets for the development and implementation of molecular-based assays used for direct detection of the organism in a clinical specimen?