mona1nyc
Quiz por , criado more than 1 year ago

Techniques in the Clinical Laboratory

617
2
0
mona1nyc
Criado por mona1nyc mais de 10 anos atrás
Fechar

Detection and Identification of Microorganisms

Detection and Identification of Microorganisms

Questão 1 de 33

1

In an outbreak situation molecular epidemiology is used to______

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ascertain whether the isolates have a common or independent source.

  • ascertain whether the isolates have a evolved from control specimens

  • identify novel SNP

Explicação

Questão 2 de 33

1

In molecular testing of microorganisms what are the analyses?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • genome, transcriptome, proteome

  • genome, transcriptome, antibodies

  • lipids, transcriptome, proteome

  • sugars, lipids, amino acids

Explicação

Questão 3 de 33

1

Match an organism with a resistance gene target.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Staphylococcus aureus mecA; Enterococcus: vanA, vanB, and vanC; M.tuberculosis: katG, inhA

  • Staphylococcus aureus vanA, vanB, and vanC; Enterococcus: mecA; M.tuberculosis: katG, inhA

  • Staphylococcus aureus vanA, vanB, and vanC; Enterococcus: katG, inhA; M.tuberculosis: mecA

  • Staphylococcus aureus katG, inhA ; Enterococcus: vanA, vanB, and vanC; M.tuberculosis: mecA

Explicação

Questão 4 de 33

1

What are the primary molecular methods used in clinical microbiology laboratory?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • PCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)

  • PCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR,

  • PCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, sequencing,

  • Bisulfite sequencing, PCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, Bisulfite sequencing,

Explicação

Questão 5 de 33

1

Which of the following organisms is bardes to lyse?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mycobacteria and fungi

  • Parasites and Bacteria

  • Parasites and Mycoplasma

  • Fungi and Mycoplasma

Explicação

Questão 6 de 33

1

Removal of RNases is essential for analysis of with of the following targets?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • RNA

  • DNA

  • Proteins

  • Ribosomes

  • Centromere

Explicação

Questão 7 de 33

1

Which of the following PCR inhibitors is present in the sputum?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Acidic polysaccharides

  • Hemoglobin

  • Heparin

  • Amino acids

  • Aluminum

Explicação

Questão 8 de 33

1

It is easier to isolate nucleic acid form the stool the the plasma.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 9 de 33

1

In a PCR procedure a sensitivity control is used to show____

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • lower level of detection

  • lack of contamination

  • quantity of positive product

  • lack of inhibition

Explicação

Questão 10 de 33

1

B. pertussis and B. parapertussis target genes are IS481 and IS1001.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 11 de 33

1

Which of the following is a genotypic method for typing organisms?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Antibiogram patterns

  • Pulsed field gel electrophoresis

  • Serotyping

  • Bacteriophage typing

Explicação

Questão 12 de 33

1

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis has been performed on two isolates of Escherichia coli that have been isolated from the blood of newborns in the same neonatal unit. The banding pattern of the two isolates differed by two bands. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The isolates are indistinguishable.

  • The isolates are closely related.

  • The isolates are possibly related.

  • The isolates are different.

Explicação

Questão 13 de 33

1

Define Epidemic

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • rapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease

  • a disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas

  • collection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data

Explicação

Questão 14 de 33

1

Define Pandemic

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas

  • rapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease

  • collection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data

Explicação

Questão 15 de 33

1

Define Epidemiology

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • collection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data

  • a disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas

  • rapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease

Explicação

Questão 16 de 33

1

Primary resistance mutations _______

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • affect drug sensitivity but may slow viral growth

  • increase drug sensitivity

  • increase drug uptake

Explicação

Questão 17 de 33

1

Secondary-resistance mutations ______

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • compensate for the primary-resistance growth defects

  • do not compensate for the primary-resistance growth defects

  • cancel primary-resistance growth defects

Explicação

Questão 18 de 33

1

Which of the following is the molecular target for most epidemiological investigations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • katG

  • inhA

  • IS6110

  • IS481

Explicação

Questão 19 de 33

1

Which of the following typing methods has high typing capacity, discriminatory power, reproducibility, and moderate ease of use?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Plasmid analysis

  • Ribotyping

  • PCR-RFLP

  • PFGE

Explicação

Questão 20 de 33

1

DNA is isolated from a test organism and cut with restriction enzymes. The fragments are ligated to adapters that are complementary to primers that are added to perform a PCR. In a second PCR, selective primers are used to amplify some of the amplicons produced in the first PCR. Finally, the products of the second PCR are separated by gel electrophoresis and analyzed. Which of the following methods was described?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Restriction fragment length polymorphism

  • Amplified fragment length polymorphism

  • Pulsed field gel electrophoresis

  • Arbitrarily primed PCR

Explicação

Questão 21 de 33

1

In the interpretation of pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns, what is the maximum number of bands that can differ between two organisms before those organisms are determined to be different?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 2

  • 3

  • 5

  • 7

Explicação

Questão 22 de 33

1

A PCR assay that uses short primers that amplify random sequences found throughout the genome of the test organism is what variation of PCR?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Arbitrarily primed

  • Amplified fragment length polymorphism

  • Repetitive extragenic palindromic

  • Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus

Explicação

Questão 23 de 33

1

The ability of a typing method to distinguish between unrelated strains is which of the following criteria?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Typing capacity

  • Discriminatory power

  • Reproducibility

  • Ease of interpretation

Explicação

Questão 24 de 33

1

When a typing method is repeated and the results are the same each time, the method has high:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ease of test performance

  • discriminatory power

  • typing capacity

  • reproducibility

Explicação

Questão 25 de 33

1

Which of the following genes is a target in molecular-based assays and confers resistance to vancomycin in the enterococci?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • inhA

  • mecA

  • vanA

  • gyrA

Explicação

Questão 26 de 33

1

A PCR assay on DNA isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab was performed with the following results: amplification using primers to IS481 was positive and using primers to IS1001 was negative. All controls were acceptable. Which of the following organisms was present in this sample?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Bordetella pertussis

  • Bordetella parapertussis

  • Bordetella holmesii

  • Legionella pneumophila

Explicação

Questão 27 de 33

1

A PCR assay using primers specific for the autolysin (lytA) gene was performed on a sputum specimen from a 10-year-old girl. The specimen was positive, and all controls were acceptable. Which of the following is the best interpretation of these results?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Definitive diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is present but clinical significance questionable

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected and girl should be isolated

  • Patient has Chlamydophila pneumoniae pneumonia

Explicação

Questão 28 de 33

1

Which of the following molecular-based assay and detected organism combinations has been FDA-approved?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • NASBA for hepatitis C virus

  • TMA for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Hybridization protection assay for group A streptococci

  • Sequencing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Explicação

Questão 29 de 33

1

PCR with RFLP analysis and reverse hybridization of the 5′ untranslated region of hepatitis C virus is the principle of which of the following commercial assays?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • TRUGENE

  • Cleavase fragment length polymorphism

  • Amplicor HCV

  • Inno-LiPA

Explicação

Questão 30 de 33

1

HIV genotyping is performed for which of the following reasons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Monitor development of antiretroviral drug resistance

  • Confirmation of HIV infection

  • Quantitate amount of HIV in the patient

  • Determine source of HIV

Explicação

Questão 31 de 33

1

Which of the following genes is the target in molecular-based assays that are used to quantitate the amount of HIV in a patient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Protease

  • gag

  • Hemaglutinin

  • ctx-m

Explicação

Questão 32 de 33

1

Which of the following molecular-based assays is FDA-approved for the detection of human papillomavirus in endocervical specimens?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • qPCR

  • NASBA

  • TMA

  • Hybrid capture

Explicação

Questão 33 de 33

1

Which of the following organisms was one of the first targets for the development and implementation of molecular-based assays used for direct detection of the organism in a clinical specimen?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae

  • Treponema pallidum

  • Chlamydia trachomatis

  • Legionella pneumophila

Explicação

Anterior
Próximo