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Quiz sobre Soil Science Final - Quiz, criado por Meagan F em 10-12-2016.

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Soil Science Final - Quiz

Soil Science Final - Quiz

Questão 1 de 106

1

In nature, beneficial mycorrhizae form with the roots of ____.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • coniferous trees

  • grasses

  • legumes

  • broad leaf trees

  • all of these

Explicação

Questão 2 de 106

1

The second most important biological process on earth is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • photosynthesis

  • nitrogen volatilization

  • sulfur oxidation

  • nitrification

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 3 de 106

1

The site of nutrient transfer between a plant and an ectomycorrhizal fungus is called the _____.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • arbuscule

  • Hartig net

  • mantle

  • absorptive hyphae

Explicação

Questão 4 de 106

1

Nitrogenase enzyme activity is inhibited by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • high oxygen

  • low available C

  • low pH

  • all of these

  • none of these

Explicação

Questão 5 de 106

1

The site of nutrient transfer between a plant and an endomycorrhizal fungus is called the ____.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • arbuscule

  • Hartig net

  • mantle

  • absorptive hypphate

Explicação

Questão 6 de 106

1

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Nitrogen fixing bacteria move through a(n) ( root cortex, infection thread, stomate ) to the ( nodules, stem ) which are produced by the plant in the cortical cells, where they reproduce and begin to fix nitrogen.

Explicação

Questão 7 de 106

1

During symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the plant benefits by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • gaining nitrogen

  • gaining carbon

  • getting protection against pathogens

  • the acidification of the root zone

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 8 de 106

1

Ectomycorrhizae:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • penetrate the root cortex cells and produce tree-like structures for nutrient exchange with the plant

  • create a net-like structure between root cortex cells and on the outside of the roots

  • create nodules inside root cells where nutrient exchange with the plant takes place

  • kill the roots and reduce plant nutrient uptake

Explicação

Questão 9 de 106

1

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( Leghemoglobin, Hemoglobin ) is produced by the ( plant, bacteria ) to maintain ( high, low ) levels of ( carbon dioxide, oxygen ) required for nitrogenase activity.

Explicação

Questão 10 de 106

1

The main benefit for the plant of having a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • increased nitrogen availability

  • increased root surface area for nutrient uptake

  • protection against root pathogens

  • increased oxygen in the root for cellular respiration

Explicação

Questão 11 de 106

1

Nitrogen is a component of which essential plant compounds?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • chlorophyll

  • enzymes

  • DNA

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 12 de 106

1

At low soil pH,

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • all nutrients are at deficient levels

  • Ca, Mg, and P are at deficient levels, and Al is at toxic levels

  • Most nutrients tend to be at toxic levels

  • Ca, Mg, and P are at toxic levels, and Al is fixed in insoluble compounds

  • All nutrient elements are at levels that support good plant growth

Explicação

Questão 13 de 106

1

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Soils in humid climates tend to acidify ( faster___, slower ) than soils in dry climates because there is ( more, less ) leaching of ( acidic, basic ) cations.

Explicação

Questão 14 de 106

1

Which of the following would not be a liming material?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • MgCO₃

  • Ca(OH)₂

  • CaSiO₂

  • CaSO₄

  • All of these are lime

Explicação

Questão 15 de 106

1

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The type of microorganism that becomes dominant in the final stage of decomposition and breaks down chitin, cellulose, lignins, and waxes is ( Fungi, protists, actinomycetes, bacteria ).

Explicação

Questão 16 de 106

1

Predators that help regulate decomposition rate include:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Protists and nematodes

  • Bacteria and fungi

  • Actinomycetes

  • Termites

Explicação

Questão 17 de 106

1

Humus is in which pool of organic matter?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • active

  • slow

  • rapid

  • passive

Explicação

Questão 18 de 106

1

The humus pool of soil organic matter

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • has a C:N of about 10:1

  • decomposes within 1 to 2 years

  • is very stable

  • decomposes within 5 to 10 years

Explicação

Questão 19 de 106

1

Which of the following statements is true about soil organic matter?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It cannot be increased in the soil indefinitely

  • Application to the soil always leads to lots of immediately available nitrogen

  • It breaks down more rapidly is the soil is tilled

  • A and B only

  • A and C only

Explicação

Questão 20 de 106

1

The rate of organic matter decomposition is fastest under which of the following set of conditions?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Acid pH, moist soils, warm temperatures, good aeration, residues left on soil surface

  • Alkaline pH, dry soils, cool temperatures, good aeration, residues incorporated into soil

  • Neutral pH, moist soils, warm temperatures, poor aeration, residues left on soil surface

  • Neutral pH, moist soils, warm temperatures, good aeration, residues incorporated

Explicação

Questão 21 de 106

1

Which of the follow C:N ratios will most likely result in a moderate rate of organic matter breakdown with no short term changes in the soil nitrogen?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 5:1

  • 25:1

  • 100:1

  • 1000:1

Explicação

Questão 22 de 106

1

Long-term tillage tends to reduce the amount of organic matter in a soil because

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • tillage incorporates residues into the soil

  • tillage reduces soil aeration

  • tillage reduces soil erosion

  • tillage reintroduces oxygen into the soil

Explicação

Questão 23 de 106

1

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In aerobic respiration by microbes, ( N₂, CO₂, O₂ ) is absorbed, and ( O₂, N₂, CO₂ ) is released.

Explicação

Questão 24 de 106

1

Soil organisms that reproduce rapidly and degrade the simple compounds found in fresh organic matter added to the soil are the ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • fungi

  • rotifers

  • bacteria

  • earthworms

Explicação

Questão 25 de 106

1

An important function of humus is to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • help establish and maintain strong granular soil structure

  • hold onto water very tightly so that only soil microorganisms can use it

  • provide large quantities of quickly available plant nutrients

  • provide easily degradable carbon compounds for soil microorganisms

Explicação

Questão 26 de 106

1

Which of the following management practices would most likely be necessary if growing food crops on Spodosols?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frequent use of soil tillage and conservation

  • use of erosion control measures such as terracing

  • addition of liming agents

  • supplying water through irrigation

Explicação

Questão 27 de 106

1

Gelisols:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • are old, deeply weathered soils developed from intrusive volcanic rock

  • contain a permafrost layer within the top 2 meters

  • contain slickensides

  • include all soils with a histic epipedon

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 28 de 106

1

Slickensides may be found in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • vertisols

  • mollisols

  • andisols

  • oxisols

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 29 de 106

1

Andisols:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • are old, deeply weathered soils developed from intrusive volcanic rock

  • contain slickensides

  • form on unstable landscape positions undergoing erosion and deposition

  • contain a permafrost layer within the top 2 meters

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 30 de 106

1

Ultisols:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • form on unstable landscape positions undergoing erosion and deposition

  • form on old, stable land surfaces in warm humid climates

  • are the most weathered soils

  • contain slickensides

Explicação

Questão 31 de 106

1

The role of soil animals in organic matter decomposition is to:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • shred and mix fresh organic matter into the soil

  • decompose waxes and lignins

  • feed on bacteria and fungi

Explicação

Questão 32 de 106

1

The organic matter content of a loam soil declined from 5% to 2% as a result of continued cultivation/tillage. This will result in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • deterioration of soil structure

  • deterioration of soil texture

  • stabilization of soil structure

  • increase in crop yield

Explicação

Questão 33 de 106

1

The majority of nutrient release occurs during the decomposition of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • humus

  • the slow pool of organic matter

  • the active pool of organic matter

  • the passive pool of organic matter

Explicação

Questão 34 de 106

1

The pool of organic matter most impacted by organic matter additions in agriculture is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • humus

  • the slow pool

  • the active pool

  • the passive pool

Explicação

Questão 35 de 106

1

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The "active" pool usually makes up less than ( 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01 ) percent of the total organic matter in a soil.

Explicação

Questão 36 de 106

1

Which of the following are characteristics of the majority of microorganisms involved in soil organic matter decomposition?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • they get C from CO₂ and energy from oxidation of organic compounds

  • they get C and energy from oxidation of organic compounds

  • they get C from CO₂ and energy from oxidation of inorganic compounds

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 37 de 106

1

The basic unit of soil classification is the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • order

  • great group

  • family

  • series

Explicação

Questão 38 de 106

1

Criteria for grouping soils into orders include:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • soil forming processes as indicated by the presence or absence of major diagnostic horizons

  • the thickness of major diagnostic horizons

  • soil temperature, mineralogy, and particle size

  • the specific location of the soil

Explicação

Questão 39 de 106

1

The highest level of soil classification is the family.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 40 de 106

1

The soil moisture regime that is used in regions where there are cool, moist winters and long, dry summers with drought is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • udic

  • xeric

  • aridic

  • ustic

  • aquic

Explicação

Questão 41 de 106

1

The warmest soil temperature regime is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • thermic

  • frigid

  • mesic

  • cryic

Explicação

Questão 42 de 106

1

The Los Osos soil is classified as an Argixeroll. To what soil Order does it belong?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mollisol

  • Vertisol

  • Gelisol

  • Spodosol

  • Alfisol

Explicação

Questão 43 de 106

1

This soil order commonly forms out of serpentenite parent material and is characterized as having an abundance of smectite clay. It is not good for building on as it swells during wet periods and shrinks during dry periods.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mollisol

  • Aridisol

  • Alfisol

  • Ultisol

  • Vertisol

Explicação

Questão 44 de 106

1

The State Soil of California, San Joaquin, is classified as a Durixeralf. To what soil Order does it belong?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mollisol

  • Vertisol

  • Gelisol

  • Spodosol

  • Alfisol

Explicação

Questão 45 de 106

1

Supposing you want to grow corn, soils of which soil order would be best, based on natural fertility?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mollisol

  • Alfisol

  • Aridisol

  • Entisol

  • Ultisol

Explicação

Questão 46 de 106

1

Which soil order is commonly found on steep backslope landscape positions or in soils where little or no weathering has taken place?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Ultisol

  • Entisol

  • Andisol

  • Alfisol

  • Aridisol

Explicação

Questão 47 de 106

1

Soils in this order are commonly sandy in texture, quite acidic and develop primarily under coniferous trees in cool to cold climates:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mollisols

  • Andisols

  • Spodosols

  • Alifisols

  • Ultisols

Explicação

Questão 48 de 106

1

A soil on the dry slopes of the Northern Cascades of California is classified as an Xerept. To what soil Order does it belong?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Inceptisol

  • Alfisol

  • Mollisol

  • Ultisol

  • Oxisol

Explicação

Questão 49 de 106

1

Permafrost is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • material that remains below 0 degrees Celsius for more than two consecutive years

  • is permanently frozen

  • a surface horizon developed by frost heaving

  • is found in soils in the Order Histosols

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 50 de 106

1

Aridisols often contain which of the following horizons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • mollic

  • histic

  • albic

  • calcic

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 51 de 106

1

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Vertisols develop from parent materials rich in ( K, Ca and Mg, Na, Na and K )

Explicação

Questão 52 de 106

1

Which soil order, containing highly weathered soils composed mainly or iron and aluminum oxide clay, is found in the humid tropics?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Histosol

  • Vertisol

  • Ultisol

  • Oxisol

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 53 de 106

1

Soils that are commonly sandy in texture, quite acidic and develop primarily under coniferous trees in cool to cold climates often contain which of the following horizons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • permafrost

  • argillic

  • albic

  • mollic

  • oxic

Explicação

Questão 54 de 106

1

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The most dominant soil forming factor for an Aridisol soil would be ( climate, parent material, time, topography, vegetation )

Explicação

Questão 55 de 106

1

Characteristics of kaolinite clays include:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • made up of Fe or Al and O, very little net negative charge, positive charge at low pH, low plasticity, stickiness, and water holding

  • significant substitution in the octahedral, layers weakly held together by cations (highly expansible), CEC of 80-120 cmolc/kg

  • significant substitution in the tetrahedra, layers tightly bound (moderately expansible), CEC of 100-180 cmolc/kg

  • significant substitution in the tetrahedra, potassium ions hold clay layers together tightly (non-expansible), CEC of 20-40 cmolc/kg

  • limited isomorphous substitution, layers are H-bonded (non-expansible), CEC of 2-5 cmolc/kg

Explicação

Questão 56 de 106

1

The main cations found on the cation exchange complex at a soil pH between 6 and 7 are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Ca, Al, H

  • Ca, Mg, K

  • K, Al(OH), Mg

  • Al, H, K

Explicação

Questão 57 de 106

1

Which of the following will be readily leached from soils because of the properties it has that influence how tightly they are held on the exchange complex of clay?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Al

  • H

  • Ca

  • Na

Explicação

Questão 58 de 106

1

Two major types of soil colloids are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • crystalline silicate clays and humus

  • basic cations and humus

  • crystalline silicate clays and quartz sands

  • primary minerals and secondary minerals

  • quartz sands and humus

Explicação

Questão 59 de 106

1

Cation exchange capacity is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the amount of exchangeable negatively charged ions per unit weight of dry soil

  • the amount of exchangeable negatively charged and neutral ions per unit weight of soil

  • the amount of exchangeable positively charged ions held per unit weight of dry soil

  • the amount of exchangeable H ions per unit weight of dry soil

Explicação

Questão 60 de 106

1

Which cation would you expect to find tightly held in a soil at pH 4.5?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • K

  • Ca

  • Na

  • Mg

  • Al

Explicação

Questão 61 de 106

1

The swelling/shrinking tendency of some silicate clay minerals is due primarily to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the presence of cations attracted by the negative charges on the internal surfaces

  • the movement of water molecules in and out of the interlayers of the crystal

  • varying thickness of the film of water covering the external surface of the particles

  • expansion in the width of the interlayers due to movement of larger ions such as K+

  • the high Mg^2+ contents in the octahedral layers

Explicação

Questão 62 de 106

1

The accumulation or loss of what compounds result in the formation of hydric soil indicators?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • iron, manganese, sulfur, or carbon

  • nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium

  • iron, carbon, sulfur, or nitrogen

  • iron, manganese, sulfur, or arsenic

Explicação

Questão 63 de 106

1

Which of the follow is not a characteristic of soil colloids?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • very small size

  • high external surfaces

  • electronegativity charges

  • ability to exchange ions with the soil solution

  • low water holding capacity

Explicação

Questão 64 de 106

1

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The criteria required to define wetlands are wetland hydrology, hydric soils, and ( water standing on the surface, clay subsoils, hydrophytic vegetation )

Explicação

Questão 65 de 106

1

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Conditions required to form hydric soil indicators are elements that reduce, seasonal or permanent water saturation, microorganisms, and ( water standing on the surface, an organic carbon source, hydrophytic vegetation, clay subsoils )

Explicação

Questão 66 de 106

1

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The diffusion rate of oxygen in water is 10,000 times ( faster, slower ) than in air.

Explicação

Questão 67 de 106

1

Possible ecological consequences of poor soil aeration include:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • slow organic matter decomposition

  • release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere

  • reduced plant photosynthesis

Explicação

Questão 68 de 106

1

A major determinant of the aeration status of soils is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • dominant type of clay present

  • pore size and continuity

  • types of wetland plants present

  • presence or absence of carbonates

Explicação

Questão 69 de 106

1

Which type of water includes that which is available to plants?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • hygroscopic water

  • capillary water

  • gravitational water

  • free water

Explicação

Questão 70 de 106

1

Water moves through soil to plant roots by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • capillary flow from high to low water potential

  • hygroscopic flow

  • transpiration

  • capillary flow from low to high water potential

  • gravitational flow

Explicação

Questão 71 de 106

1

Water moves further in finer textured soils because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the granular structure in fine textured soils allows for stronger attraction between water and particles

  • more space between particles causes the bonds of cohesion between water molecules to be stronger

  • there is less space between the particles and the water film is unbroken for longer distances

  • more water is lost by plant transpiration in fine textured soils

Explicação

Questão 72 de 106

1

The bulk of gaseous interchange in soils takes place by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • mass flow

  • differences in the pressure of N gas

  • diffusion of individual gases along their concentration gradients

  • moving as dissolved ions in soil water

  • aerobic respiration

Explicação

Questão 73 de 106

1

Clay soils hold more water but have less PAW than loamy soils because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • there is less gravitational water in clay

  • plant roots cannot grow as well in clay soils

  • more hygroscopic water is held on clay particles

  • loamy soils have smaller pores

Explicação

Questão 74 de 106

1

Sandy soils have less PAW than loamy soils because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • there is less gravitational water in sandy soil

  • plant roots grow better in sandy soils so they use the water faster

  • more hygroscopic water is held on sand particles

  • sandy soils have less surface area

Explicação

Questão 75 de 106

1

Which type of water is not "held" in soils?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • hygroscopic

  • gravitational

  • capillary

  • water of cohesion

Explicação

Questão 76 de 106

1

Capillarity in soils:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • involves both adhesion and cohesion

  • is enhanced by the symmetrical nature of the water molecule

  • is independent of the matric potential in soils

  • does not account for unsaturated water movement in soils

Explicação

Questão 77 de 106

1

Which type of bond controls retention and movement of water in soils?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • capillary

  • covalent

  • pH-dependent

  • hydrogen

Explicação

Questão 78 de 106

1

PAW is highest in soils with the following texture:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sand

  • sandy loam

  • silty clay loam

  • clay

Explicação

Questão 79 de 106

1

The electronegative charge on 2:1 type silicate clays is due primarily to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ionization of surface OH groups

  • substitution of one metallic atom for another in the crystal structure

  • extremely small size of the individual colloid particles

  • the effect of pH on the presence of H+ ions in the exchange complex

  • the preponderance of tetrahedron sheets compared to octahedron sheets

Explicação

Questão 80 de 106

1

Formation of granular aggregates is aided by:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • fungal hyphae

  • fine roots

  • microbial and plant exudates

Explicação

Questão 81 de 106

1

Soils developed from accumulated organic material have which of the following characteristics?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • flat, high in clay, and fertile

  • coarse, stony, with fast drainage

  • light, porous, and productive

  • clayey and poorly drained

Explicação

Questão 82 de 106

1

Secondary minerals are not found in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • metamorphic and sedimentary rocks

  • soils and lacustrine sediments

  • soils and sedimentary rocks

  • igneous rocks and the atmosphere

  • soils and metamorphic rocks

Explicação

Questão 83 de 106

1

Compared to silt, clay-sized particles are characterized by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • greater attraction for water

  • greater proportion of primarily minerals

  • less attraction for water

  • less capacity to hold nutrients in plant-available forms

Explicação

Questão 84 de 106

1

Fine sand and smaller particles move parallel to the ground and upward by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Creep

  • Flow

  • Suspension

  • Turbulence

  • Saltation

Explicação

Questão 85 de 106

1

Which of the following would NOT reduce water erosion by controlling soil detachment?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • barriers

  • stubble mulching

  • conservation tillage

  • cover crops

  • no-till farming practices

Explicação

Questão 86 de 106

1

Causes of soil erosion include:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • over-harvesting timberland

  • overgrazing rangeland

  • fire

  • poor farming practices

Explicação

Questão 87 de 106

1

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Terracing is a means of reducing ( soil transport by wind, soil detachment, soil transport by water, soil saltation in wind )

Explicação

Questão 88 de 106

1

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When water concentrates in small channels as it runs from the soil surface, it is called ( gully, wind, rill, sheet ) erosion.

Explicação

Questão 89 de 106

1

The majority of soil particle movement during wind erosion occurs as:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Creep

  • Flow

  • Suspension

  • Turbulence

  • Saltation

Explicação

Questão 90 de 106

1

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The total global soil lost through erosion is generally greater from ( gully, rill, sheet, wind ) erosion.

Explicação

Questão 91 de 106

1

Land degradation includes which of the following effects on soil?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • decline in soil structure

  • reduced microbial biomass

  • salinization

Explicação

Questão 92 de 106

1

Sulfuric acid can be used instead of gypsum to reclaim sodic soils that contain:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a high buffering capacity

  • free NaCO₃

  • free CaCO₃

  • a high CEC

Explicação

Questão 93 de 106

1

The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP):

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • predicts soil pH by indicating the amount of sodium there is in the soil in relation to the H ions on the exchange complex

  • predicts soil CEC by calculating the amount of sodium there is on the exchange complex

  • expresses the ratio of sodium to aluminum in the octahedral sheet of 2:1 clays

  • indicates the hazard of sodium-induced soil dispersion

Explicação

Questão 94 de 106

1

Under what precipitation-to-ET conditions would the most severe soil salinization develop?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Ratio of 0.25

  • Ratio of 0.75

  • Ratio of 1.25

  • Ratio of 2.25

Explicação

Questão 95 de 106

1

Your soil begins to disperse and crop yields decline several years after you start irrigating your garden plot. Which of the following would most likely account for this situation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • high content of Ca and Mg in the irrigation water

  • high content of Na in the irrigation water

  • excessive drainage of the soil

  • high gypsum content in the soil

Explicação

Questão 96 de 106

1

Sodic soils generally have a poor physical condition. This is most likely due to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • low OM content

  • dispersal of the Na saturated soil colloids

  • impact of raindrops on the soil surface

  • precipitation of the Ca and Mg ions as carbonates

  • high content of smectite in the soils

Explicação

Questão 97 de 106

1

Techniques for managing saline soils include:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • keeping the plant root zone wet during sensitive crop stages

  • adding CaCO₃ to replace the Na on the exchange complex

  • applying excess water to increase leaching

Explicação

Questão 98 de 106

1

Overliming:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • may occur on coarse-textured soils with low OM

  • may result in NH₃ volatilization if NH₄ is present

  • may result in Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, P, and B deficiencies

Explicação

Questão 99 de 106

1

The major role of potassium in plants is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • as part of the chlorophyll molecule

  • regulating cellular respiration

  • energy storage

  • regulating the opening and closing of stomates

Explicação

Questão 100 de 106

1

Selecione da lista do Menu para completar o texto.

Organic forms of P make up about ( 98%, 50%, 25%, 1% ) of total P in the soil.

Explicação

Questão 101 de 106

1

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Available forms of potassium in the soil usually make up about ( 95-98%, 25-50%, 10%, 0.1-2% ) of total potassium.

Explicação

Questão 102 de 106

1

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The process of ( nitrification, denitrification, symbiosis, volatilization, mineralization ) releases soluble nitrogen as the result of the breakdown of nitrogen-rich organic compounds.

Explicação

Questão 103 de 106

1

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( Nitrification, Denitrification, Volatilization, Mineralization ) is the process of reduction of NO₃₋ to nitrogen gas by microorganisms under ( aerobic, anaerobic, acidic, alkaline ) soil conditions.

Explicação

Questão 104 de 106

1

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A pH in the range of ( 3.5-4.5, 4.5-5.5, 5.5-7.0, 7.0-8.0, >8.0 ) is when phosphorus is most available to plants.

Explicação

Questão 105 de 106

1

The highly mobile form of N, which is the main source of N for plants, is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • NH₃

  • NH₄

  • NO₃

  • N₂

Explicação

Questão 106 de 106

1

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The nutrient most limiting for growing food crops in the world is ( phosphorus, carbon, nitrogen, potassium ).

Explicação

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