Rachel Smith
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Questions from Missions 9 and 10

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Rachel Smith
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Behavioural 9&10

Questão 1 de 30

1

Explaining animal behaviour in terms of human motives is ___________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • problem solving

  • functional equivalence

  • an anthropomorphism

Explicação

Questão 2 de 30

1

Novel behaviours can arise from trial-and-error, stimulus generalisation, and _______________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  imitation

  • response generalisation

  • problem solving

Explicação

Questão 3 de 30

1

A dog looking 'guilty' could be negatively reinforced because __________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • it results in being petted

  • it results in the scolding stopping

  • it results in being forgiven

Explicação

Questão 4 de 30

1

When Epstein's pigeons were placed in the problem solving situation there was _________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • imitation of previous responses

  • shaping of behaviour

  • an initial conflict between responses

Explicação

Questão 5 de 30

1

Keeping the Russian anti-tank dogs hungry created _______________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • stimulus control

  • a motivating operation

  •  generalisation

Explicação

Questão 6 de 30

1

Performing novel behavioursin a situation that you've never been in before to produce certain consequences is _________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • trial and error

  • problem solving

  • anthropomorphising

Explicação

Questão 7 de 30

1

The purpose of conducting a preference assessment for dogs such as in Vicars et al. (2014) is to identify stimuli that might serve as _________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • reinforcers

  • motivating operations

  •  punishers

Explicação

Questão 8 de 30

1

Vicars et al. (2014) used a paired stimulus preference assessment for dogs. This involved presenting pairs of stimuli from which the dogs could choose, an approach based on ______________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • superstitious behaviour

  • stimulus control

  •  the matching law

Explicação

Questão 9 de 30

1

Martin et al. (2011) conducted a functional analysis on a chimpanzee's faeces throwing behaviour. They found that the chimpanzee was engaging in this behaviour ______________________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  Because it was angry

  • Because it was being punished

  • Because it received reinforcers for doing so

Explicação

Questão 10 de 30

1

Improving the quality of life of animals in captivity would NOT include __________________________ to manage difficult behaviour.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  Environmental enrichment

  • Implementing function-based interventions

  •  Forcing compliance

Explicação

Questão 11 de 30

1

Which of the following does not produce novel behaviours?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Imitation

  • Variability in baseline behaviour

  • Conditional discrimination

  • Stimulus generalisation

Explicação

Questão 12 de 30

1

Select the correct answer. Problem solving…

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Only occurs in humans and not animals

  • Occurs in humans and animals

  • Only occurs in animals with intelligence

  • Is not studied in behaviour analysis

Explicação

Questão 13 de 30

1

In Epstein’s (1985) study the pigeons…

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Were not taught how to move the box to the green spot; they had to figure it out themselves

  • Were taught the prerequisite skills but not how to chain them together

  • Were directly taught how to move the box and then stand on it to peck the banana

  • Were punished if they did not problem-solve in time

Explicação

Questão 14 de 30

1

I come home to find that my dog has destroyed my favourite shoes. The dog’s ears are flat and he avoids eye contact with me. The most likely explanation of this is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • This behaviour has avoided punishment in the past

  • The dog is feeling guilty

  • This behaviour has been positively reinforced in the past

  • The dog has seen the chewed shoes and displays this behaviour in response to that stimulus

Explicação

Questão 15 de 30

1

Find the correct answer. In the original Epstein (1984) paper…

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Other pigeons trained only in one of the prerequisite skills could not solve the problem

  • Jumping to peck at the banana was extinguished

  • The box being under the banana was an SD for standing on it to peck

  • A & C

  • All of the above

Explicação

Questão 16 de 30

1

A chimp is taught some sign language but often mixes up the word order e.g. “water want” rather than “want water”. What is the most likely explanation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Non-humans have not got the capabilities to understand grammar

  • Animals do not enjoy language so are less motivated to get it right.

  • The chimp means something else but cannot express it correctly

  • Both phrases have resulted in the keeper getting the chimp water

Explicação

Questão 17 de 30

1

Select the correct answer. In the study by Gardner (1969), Washoe the chimp was taught…

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • To use PECS (picture exchange communication system)

  • Simple vocal sounds to communicate

  • To use ASL (American Sign Language)

  • To use a keyboard to type requests

Explicação

Questão 18 de 30

1

What function did the first words that Washoe developed have?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Positive social

  • Negative social

  • Automatic

  • A & C

Explicação

Questão 19 de 30

1

‘The dog bit me because it was angry’ is an anthropomorphism because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It explains animal behaviour in terms of human motives

  • It describes the emotion of the animal

  • It describes the function of the behaviour

  • It shows that animals can solve problems

Explicação

Questão 20 de 30

1

What is problem solving from a behaviour analytic perspective?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Engaging in intelligent behaviours

  • Engaging in anthropomorphic behaviours

  • Engaging in behaviours you have never performed before that are aimed to produce certain consequences

  • Engaging in behaviours you have performed before that are aimed to produce certain consequences

Explicação

Questão 21 de 30

1

Criminal profiling is a process by which evidence (particularly that found at a crime scene) is analysed to determine ________________ offender characteristics.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • probable

  • personality

  • with certainty

Explicação

Questão 22 de 30

1

Kocsis, Hayes, and Irwin (2002) found the ___________________ was not a factor in the accuracy of profiling.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • gender

  • age

  • experience

Explicação

Questão 23 de 30

1

________________ assumes that offenders engaging in similar behaviours will display similar characteristics.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Homology

  • Behaviourism

  •  Empiricism

Explicação

Questão 24 de 30

1

Ferguson (2013) suggested that there are only five relevant offender characteristics in a profile - motive, special skills or knowledge of methods and materials, relationship to the victim, ________________________, and criminal skill or forensic awareness.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  personality

  • knowledge of the crime scene or location

  • history of abuse

Explicação

Questão 25 de 30

1

One of the challenges is behaviour analysis of criminal behaviour is that often, the behaviours are _____________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • not measurable

  • internal

  • covert

Explicação

Questão 26 de 30

1

A challenge in teaching incarcerated offenders new behaviours whilst they are in prison is __________________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • generalisation to outside settings

  • They don’t want to change

  • there is no evidence that it works

Explicação

Questão 27 de 30

1

Being sent to prison after committing a crime could be a _______________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  Delayed punisher

  •  Punisher with good temporal contiguity

  •  Discriminative stimulus for crime

Explicação

Questão 28 de 30

1

Committing crimes can be on _______________ schedule of reinforcement – sometimes you don’t get caught.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a continuous

  • an intermittent

  • no

Explicação

Questão 29 de 30

1

Schnelle et al. (1978) found that adding a helicopter decreased burglaries and the cash benefits outweighed the cost of the helicopter. The helicopter was most likely a _________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  discriminative stimulus for a punisher (being caught)

  • punisher

  • motivating operation

Explicação

Questão 30 de 30

1

Bassett and Blanchard (1977) found that the number of behaviours punished and the frequency of punishment increased when a prison token economy was unsupervised. This could have been because implementing punishment was a ____________________ for the behaviour of the guards running the token economy.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  •  punisher

  • motivating operation

  •  reinforcer

Explicação