To produce animals with certain desirable characteristics by selective breeding, humans take advantage of
the natural variations that exist among individuals
the ideal traits produced by genetic engineering.
recombinant plasmids with foreign DNA>
drugs and radiation that can cause new mutations to arise.
What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants?
increasing the food supply
using more pesticides
producing clones
studying human genes
A plant cell is successfully transformed if
a plasmid enters the cell and the cell breaks down the plasmid
the cell integrates foreign DNA into one of its chromosomes.
the cell reproduces normal offspring, which also produce offspring.
a plasmid is unable to enter the cell.
Which of the following findings, if true, would support CRITICS of GM crops?
Bt corn is proven harmless to butterflies.
Bt cotton requires farmers to use less insecticide on their fields.
Bt corn reduces the populations of bees needed to pollinate the plants.
Bt cotton produces high crop yields than other cotton.
What is an advantage of using transgenic bacteria to produce human proteins?
The human proteins produced by transgenic bacteria work better than those produced by humans.
Transgenic bacteria can produce human proteins in large amounts.
The human proteins produced by transgenic bacteria last longer than those produced by humans.
Transgenic bacteria can produce human proteins used to make plastics.
The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called
selective breeding.
genetic engineering.
inbreeding.
hybridization.
One reason farmers often choose GM crops over non-GM crops because GM crops are
less controversial
less expensive
much productive
much safer
A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as
a mutant.
a hybrid.
a polyploid.
recombinant DNA.
Gene therapy is successful if the
viruses carrying the replacement gene infect the person’s cells
replacement gene is REPLICATED in the person’s cells.
replacement gene is EXPRESSED in the person’s cells.
replacement gene is successfully spliced to viral DNA
Certain drugs can be used in plant breeding to make polyploid plants. These drugs
change the number of chromosomes found in cells.
change eukaryotic plants into prokaryotic plants.
frequently cause mutations, which create new alleles and genes.
insert foreign DNA into plant chromosomes.
What kind of technique do scientists use to make transgenic organisms?
hybridization
inbreeding
inducing of mutations
genetic engineering
Which statement below might be used by someone who is arguing against the use of GM crops?
GM crops reduce the amount of land and energy that need to be devoted to agriculture because they have high yields.
GM crops need more insecticide to be used than other crops because they grow faster.
The patents for the seeds of GM crops are held by big companies, which may raise prices and force small farmers out of business.
No studies have shown that GM crops are dangerous to human health.
To create animals that have the characteristics of both species, some people have bred buffalo and cattle together. This is an example of
transformation
Which of the following has the disadvantage of possibly bringing two recessive alleles together and causing a genetic defect?
Which of the following would require the use of recombinant DNA?
Crossing two apple trees to create better apples.
Breeding a donkey and a horse to make a mule.
Engineering bacteria that produce human insulin.
Creating a polyploid banana tree.
Which protein creates DNA fragments with sticky ends?
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
restriction enzyme
lysozyme
The purpose of gene therapy is to
treat genetic disorders.
determine the sequences of genes.
remove mutations from genes.
change dominant alleles to recessive alleles.
During a polymerase chain reaction, the number of DNA copies increases exponentially with each cycle.
A polyploid plant has more than two copies of each gene.
Native Americans took teosine and used selective breeding to make corn, a more productive and nutritious plant.
Animal breeders maintain cat and dog breeds by the process of hybridization.
In Figure 15–1, between which nucleotides is the DNA cut?
adenine and thymine
cytosine and guanine
thymine and cytosine
adenine and guanine
What does this picture represent?
gel electrophoresis being used to sequence DNA
hybridization being used to manipulate DNA
an enzyme being used to cut DNA
polymerase chain reaction being used to copy DNA
During which numbered Steps is a restriction enzyme used?
1 and 7
2, 3, and 4
5 and 6
6 and 7
What process is being illustrated?
The Central Dogma
Transformation
Doping
Genetic Engineering
During which steps are bacteria reproducing?
1 and 2
3
4 and 5
Which steps represent the recombinant plasmid?
5
7
1
4
Which sheep is the source of the nucleus in the fused cell?
Sheep A
Sheep B
Sheep C
Lamb
Which animal is the clone?
Which two animals are genetically identical?
Sheep C and Lamb
Sheep B and Lamb
Sheep A and Sheep B
Sheep A and Lamb
Which sheep provided an egg cell?
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