Jackson's message seems to be challenging which of the following constitutional principles?
Division of powers between the states and the federal government
The principle of judicial review established in Article I of the Constitution
Separation of powers among the three branches of government
Congressional authority to legislate
The Jackson presidency is most noted for which of the following?
The creation of a civil service system based on merit
Increasing the power of the presidency
Its firm stance against the extension of slavery into the territories
Staunch opposition to the expansion of voting rights of unpropertied classes.
During the era of Jacksonian Democracy, The United States saw
an accelerated movement toward universal white male suffrage.
the direct election of senators become a reality with the ratification of the 17th Amendment
Andrew Jackson strongly support federally funded internal improvements
the elimination of the Second American Party System
The political cartoon pictured above is most reflective of which of the following changes occurring in the late 1960s?
Blue-Collar reaction against antiwar protests at college s and universities
Silent majority opposition to federal funding for public education
Republican movement toward a southern strategy
The failure of the Great Society Head Start program
In the election of 1968, Republicans attempted to increase their appeal to
southern African American votes by sponsoring Freedom Summer.
northern liberals by endorsing a dramatic expansion of the Great Society
cold war conservatives by direct challenges to the Soviet Union and China
conservative southern Democrats
Which of the following happened in the 1960s?
The Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that schools must be desegregated.
Cold war tension increased when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik.
African Americans gained greater access to public accommodations.
Gas prices spiraled upward as a result of the Arab oil embargo.
What was a major goal of the legislation cited above?
To subdue increasing unrest in the British North American colonies
To undermine the increasing power of the Spanish monarchy
To more tightly control the British textile industry
To combat international economic competition
Which best describes the policy behind the Navigation Act of 1660?
Mercantilism
Capitalism
Imperialism
Market revolution
What happened following this action by the British government?
The american colonists agreed that this was a reasonable assertion of imperial power.
For several decades, the British government largely allowed the colonists to govern their own affairs.
France declared war on England.
Britain's alliances with North American Indian tribes forced the American colonists to call for closer ties with Britain.
What event in the 18th century was most responsible for forcing the British to consolidate further control over its American colonies?
The spread of Enlightenment ideas
The invention of new navigational technologies
Increasing conflicts between the New England and Chesapeake colonies
The Seven Years' War
What did de Crèvecouer mean when he referred to Americans as "western pilgrims"?
Americans came to the New World in search of religious freedom.
Immigrants arrived on the East Coast of the United States but soon moved across the Mississippi River, carrying Americans ideal with them.
Most early immigrants came to the shores of Massachusetts.
Europeans came across the Atlantic in search of a new life.
What do these two passage have in common?
The immigrants described in both passages came primarily from Western and Central Europe
Both authors voiced concerns that too many immigrants were maintaining their old traditions.
Crèvecoeur and Morse agreed that immigrants were able to successfully overcome obstacles and would eventually improves American society.
Both authors urged the U.S. government to adopt policies regulating immigration.
What best accounts for increased opposition to immigration in the first half of the 19th century?
Thousands of Chinese arrived the United States as the railroad industry expanded.
Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe arrived in huge numbers.
Union members and their leadership feared that immigrants would take jobs from American workers.
Protestants opposed the influx of large numbers of Roman Catholics into urban areas in the eastern United States.
The above account reflects a growing sentiment in the late 19th century that
natural resources were not inexhaustible.
the surest way to end Indian resistance was by government-sponsored decimation of the buffalo herds.
Indians must be confine to small, scattered reservations.
the advancement of civilization took precedence over the preservation of the environment.
In the late 19th century, efforts to assimilate Indian populations into white culture
largely destroyed Indian culture.
were strongly opposed by Indian advocates.
Indian suffrage becoming a reality by 1900.
were largely unsuccessful.
The event above reflected the enthusiasm that was an essential part of
Protestant evangelism in colonial America
Enlightenment belief in progress
the Second Great Awakening
Romaticism
Utopian reformers in America at the time portrayed in the broadsheet believed most fervently in
progressivism
romanticism
perfectionism
rationalism
The beliefs of the Millerites would best be reflected later in American history by which of these groups?
Populists
Progressives
Charles Darwin
20th century evangelists
Which of these best accounts for the phenomenon that Tocqueville described in the 1830s?
The market revolution was changing the nature of work and the relationship between home and the workplace.
Women, both rich and poor, decided that it was better for them to stay home and care for their families.
Slavery in the South and the influx of European immigrants in to the North made i possible for women to focus their attention on the home.
In an effort to protect women as the nation became more industrialized, state legislatures began to regulate women's work.
Which of theses was most responsible for bringing women more fully into the public sphere in the mid-19th century?
As the nation became more divided an d the Civil War approached, factories in the North need more workers.
As a result of the Second Great Awakening, women increasingly were involved in antebellum reform movements.
The expansion of suffrage and the democratization of American society brought women further in to the mainstream of American economic life.
As education for women became more accessible, women gained the knowledge and skills that enabled them to enter the workplace.
What impact did Manifest Destiny have on women's roles?
The expansion of slavery into western territories reinforced the "clearly separate paths" for men and women.
Rapid industrialization and the growth of cities like Chicago and St. Louis reinforced the view that women belonged in the home.
The gap between middle and working-class women increased.
Women in the West were more likely to participate as equal partners in the economic life of their family.
Based on his views expressed in the passage above, which of these would Ward have been most likely to support?
Legislation limiting the number of Eastern Europeans who could immigrate to the United States
The application of Social Darwinism to public policy
Progressives' efforts to relieve poverty in American cities
The Chinese Exclusion Act
Who would have been most likely to oppose Ward's position?
Nativists
Leaders of the Roman Catholic Church
Settlement house workers
Political machine bosses
In the decades leading to World War I, which of these did NOT fuel the debate between the "natural" and the "artificial" processes that Ward addressed in this passage?
Conflicts between Native Americans and the U.S. Government
Increased migration of Asians in to the United States
The activism of religious reformers who espoused the Social Gospel
Passage of legislation that established a quota system to regulate immigration
This amendment of the Constitution was passed by Congress and ratified in 1865 for which of the following reasons?
The states of the defeated Confederacy were determined to keep the institution of slavery even after the war ended.
This addition to the Constitution was necessary to banish slavery from states not covered by the Emancipation Proclamation.
Slavery was a common and widespread practice in most of the overseas territories controlled by the United States at this time.
Republicans in Congress were still reluctant to ban slavery in places where it had traditionally existed.
Southern states attempted to restore some of the restrictions on newly freed African Americans by which of the following tactics?
Some states were able to reestablish slavery through elaborate contracts that the federal Justice Department was unable to have declared illegal.
Former slaves were prevented by law from working on any property that was owned by their former masters.
Southern states devised systems of local laws that restricted social, political, and economic freedoms for African Americans for the next century.
Southern legislatures tried to restrict the rights of African Americans, but their efforts were overturned by the Supreme Court in the 1890s.
Which of the following represents the first real success in overturning laws and customs mandating second-class citizenship for American Americans?
The Civil Rights ACt of 1964
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
The economic programs of Johnson's Great Society
The advertisement above appeared in a New York City newspaper in 1854. What do these employment notices indicate about American society in the middle of the 19th century?
Nativist sentiment continued to be a problem for immigrants coming to the United States.
Equal employment opportunities were available for both men and women during this era.
A strong economy meant employment was available for anyone who was looking for a job.
Few immigrants who arrived in the United States in the first half of the 19th century were literate.
What might explain the attitudes represented by the advertisement above?
Many immigrants arriving the united States in the early 19th century were discriminated against because they were Catholic and might take jobs from those already here.
There was little land available on the frontier for the huge numbers of immigrants who were coming at this time, so they were flooding urban job markets.
Federal regulations limited immigration ,and those who came anyway were in the country illegally.
Most new immigrants refused to live in ethnic communities once they came to the United States, and they threatened the property values of established urban neighborhoods.
How is the sentiment in this advertisement illustrated by decisions made by Congress in the early 20th century?
Attempts were made to reverse what was known as the Great Migration, a movement of southern African Americans from the Deep South to other parts of the country in search of better jobs.
The government passed a series of laws establishing highly restrictive immigration quotas to reduce the numbers of people moving to this country.
Overseas expansion was discouraged by Congress out of fear that it would create new waves of immigrants, particularly to the West Coast.
Congress refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles or participate in the League of Nations primarily out of fear of encouraging new waves of immigration to this country.
Which of the following provisions of the Compromise of 1850 caused the most negative reaction among citizens of the northern states?
The use of popular sovereignty to determine the status of slave and free states in the unorganized territory
The end of the slave trade in Washington D.C.
The new Fugitive Slave Law
A reduction in the size of Texas in exchange for a payment to the state of $10 million
Northern objections to the Compromise of 1850 came from
free-soilers, who were opposed to the extension of slavery into any new states or territories.
Republicans, who insisted that the Compromise of 1850 include the immediate abolition of slavery.
Know-Nothings, who believed popular sovereignty should decide the issue of slavery in California.
Whigs, who believed that ending the slave trade in the District of Columbia was a violation of constitutional property guarantees.
The Compromise of 1850 effectively strengthened which earlier act regarding slavery?
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
Article IV, Section II, of the Constitution regarding the return of runaway slaves
The banning of the slave trade after 1808
The guarantees of individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights
The two civilizations above, which existed in the Southwest and the Ohio Valley, respectively, before the arrival of Europeans to North America, indicate which of the following about native populations?
These societies were complex and exhibited diverse economic development and social diversification.
Like most other native societies, these two group depended on hunting and gathering for subsistence.
These societies were largely mobile due to a scarcity of natural resources.
Large-scale agriculture was favored instead of trade with other villages to support these communities.
These two civilizations, along with many others of native populations, began to disintegrate after the arrival of Europeans in part because of which of the following conditions?
Native populations chose to move to areas dominated by Europeans because there were more jobs available in those places.
Europeans brought epidemic disease that took a heavy toll on native populations and weakened social and political structures in their communities.
Rapid climate change made most of the areas previously settled by native populations unsuitable for traditional agriculture.
The decline of the great buffalo herds made traditional ways of life impossible in the Southwest and the Ohio Valley.
The exchange of goods and the interactions of societies across the Atlantic known as the Columbian Exchange resulted in which of the following?
Changes occurred on both sides of the Atlantic as the introduction of new agricultural products and animals created new markets and altered lifestyles.
Changes occurred in diets and agriculture, but little in other areas of life for the two regions.
Changes occurred that could ultimately be regarded only as positive, in that both areas benefited from the introduction of new foods.
There was tremendous population growth on both sides of the Atlantic due to improvements in nutrition.
What else was an important part of the Columbian Exchange going from Africa to the Western Hemisphere that is not represented on this chart?
Silver
Slaves
Iron weapons
Maize
The source above was an attempt to explain which of the following trends in American politics in the last decades of the 20th century?
A general movement away from the principles and policies of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society
The shift in political power from major urban centers to more rural voters
The elimination of all trade barriers with foreign nations
A shift from concentrating on U.S. power abroad to a more limited role for the military in general
Which of the following examples from earlier U.S. history represents a similar call for individuals to handle their own problems rather than look to the government or the charity of individuals for relief and support?
Late 19th century support for the principles of Social Darwinism
Southern leaders who called for a "New South" in the years following Reconstruction
Reformers who supported such efforts as the settlement house movement
Labor leaders who lobbied for better pay and safer working conditions for factory workers
The aftermath of the attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in September 2001 led the U.S. government to do which of the following?
Concentrate on security at home rather than taking on challenges to U.S. power abroad
Pass a series of laws aimed at increasing domestic security, which have subsequently come under criticism for threatening individual rights
Reduce the number of women and minorities allowed to serve in the military
Renew national efforts at finally winning the Cold War with the former Soviet Union
What missions undertaken by the United States grew directly out of the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks in the name of increasing homeland security?
Attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq
Efforts to shut down Central American drug cartels
Tighter immigration controls along the borders of Texas and Mexico
Tighter quality controls over goods coming in from China and East Asia
The above photograph led to which of the following in the 1970s?
Increased calls for gun control in the United States
Dramatically increased support for immigration restriction
Eroding support for the war in Vietnam
Increasing support for Supreme Court rulings protecting the rights of the accused
In 1968, support for the U.S. war effort in Vietnam
increased dramatically as the United States launched major offensives.
decreased as a result of increased support for the Great Society
decreased significantly because of a perceived lack of progress against the Vietcong
decreased because of the energy crisis brought on by the Arab oil embargo.
The growth of consumerism in the 1920s was most fueled by which of the following?
The widespread introduction of credit cards
An unparalleled rise in the price of agricultural commodities
The introduction of television advertising
Installment buying
The rising expectations that Morison alludes to were most characterized by which of the following in the 1920s?
The belief that nuclear power would provide cheap energy and make America energy independent.
Rising stock prices
The optimism brought on by the success of making the world "safe for democracy"
Immigration restriction
Politically the 1920s saw the United States
return to the progressivism of the prewar era.
assume leadership of newly created international organizations.
dominated by conservative leadership.
play a major role as an international peacekeeper in the Middle East.
Ultimately fear of Japanese citizens during World War II led to
the execution of 43 Japanese American citizens for sabotage and espionage.
the deportation of Japanese American citizens from the United States
internment of Japanese American citizens in closely guarded camps.
Japanese American citizens being forced to labor on white-owned farms due to the shortage of agricultural labor.
African Americans also suffered discrimination during World War II. Which of the following represents progress made by African Americans prior to the end of the war?
Racial segregation in the armed forces was ended.
A federal agency was formed to prevent racial discrimination in hiring for defense plants.
Schools were integrated.
African American troops were not longer assigned to the Pacific theater of the war.
During World War II, American women
found new employment opportunities in traditionally male industrial jobs.
served in front-line combat roles with men.
achieved equal pay for equal work in defense industries.
were given the right to vote in return of r their support of the war effort.
What do these two sources tell you about the debate over slavery in the 1850s?
The issue of slavery played little role in sectional tensions after the passage of the Compromise of 1850.
Attitudes toward slavery became more hardened and less open to any compromise during the 1850s
Southerners were generally able to stop the spread of abolitionist literature by controlling the activities of the antislavery press.
People on both sides of the abolitionist arguments felt the government was working in support on their side.
Among the arguments used by those opposing the activities of abolitionists was which of the following?
Slaves were generally better farmworkers than white laborers.
Slaves were considered to have benefited from conversion to Christianity, something they would not have known in Africa.
The northern economy would not be able to survive without the work of slaves in southern cotton and tobacco fields.
Slaves were critical labor to southern manufacturing and ironworks.
Which of the following proved to be a major source of disagreement among northern abolitionists in the decade leading up to the Civil War?
Some abolitionist groups were determined to use nonviolent means to achieve their goal, while others felt slaves should use whatever means necessary to gain freedom.
The groups argued over whether Congress had the power to issue the Fugitive Slave Law that was part of the Compromise of 1850.
Some wanted to shut down efforts to help slaves escape, as they felt it was too dangerous.
They disagreed over whether former slaves would be able to obtain employment in northern manufacturing once they made an escape to freedom.
The Marble House mansion represents the tremendous wealth accumulated by robber barons, or captains of industry, during the Gilded Age. Thorstein Veblen criticized such displays of wealth in The Theory of the Leisure Class as
ostentatious opulence.
conspicuous consumption.
scientific management
utilitarianism.
By the late 1800s, the increasing disparity of wealth between the rich and poor led for successful calls to
place a cap on the maximum income one could attain in a single year.
nationalize major industries such as steel, oil, and banking.
impose government regulations on private industry.
redistribute income by lowering tariffs.
In the late 19th century, efforts to help the poor came primarily from
private organizations designed to meet their basic needs.
the federal government in the form of welfare payments.
railroad companies who offered free transportation to the west.
state welfare agencies that provided free housing and food for the needy.
