“AIDS does not exist apart from the practices that conceptualise it, represent it, and respond to it.” (Crimp, 1988, p. 3). This quotation is associated with which epistemological/theoretical framework?
Contextualism
Positivism
Social constructionism
Phenomenology
‘The process of critically reflecting on the content and process of the knowledge we produce’ is a definition of which key concept in qualitative research?
Subjectivity
Epistemology
Reflexivity
Ontology
Which of the following key concepts are associated with qualitative research?
Reflexivity, objectivity and subjectivity
Reflexivity, subjectivity and generating meaning and understanding
Subjectivity, reliability and generating meaning and understanding
Objectivity, reliability and validity
Qualitative research is primarily concerned with…?
Generating meaning and understanding
Theory testing
Testing hypotheses
Predicting relationships between phenomenon
Collecting participants’ responses to pre-determined categories
Representativeness in sampling
Participants’ language and concepts
Avoiding bias
Which is a key feature of qualitative research?
Seeking consensus
Accommodating and exploring difference
Valuing detachment
Large numbers of participants
Generating rich data
Generating broad data
Seeking relationships between variables
‘The theory or philosophy of the nature of reality and being’ is a definition of which of the following concepts?
A sample of 50 participants in a qualitative interview study is?
A relatively large sample
Too small to generate meaningful results
An average sized sample
Too large to generate meaningful results
One of the most common types of sampling used in qualitative research is?
Random sampling
Purposive sampling
Stratified sampling
Maximum heterogeneity sampling
A sample is saturated in an interview study when?
No new information is emerging from your interviews
You have interviewed about 30 participants
You have interview about 90 participants
You have interviewed each participant twice
Three types of sampling commonly used in qualitative research include:
Random, snowball and convenience
Stratified, random and convenience
Purpose, convenience and random
Snowball, purposive and convenience
The ‘usual suspects’ are:
The people least likely to be invited to participate in qualitative research
The white, middle class people that tend to dominate qualitative research samples
The people that are hard-to-engage in research
The population that is often least accessible to researchers
Hidden populations are:
Ones that seek to avoid participating in research
Ones that are less visible to researchers
Ones that should only be included in maximum heterogeneity samples
Ones that tend to dominate convenience samples
Hard-to-engage participant groups are:
Ones that perceive little value in research participation
Ones that will only participate in research in return for money
Ones that insist on being interviewed at the weekend
Ones that only want to participate in research that will have some tangible impact on service provision to vulnerable groups in society
Insider researchers are:
Biased
A member of the group they are researching
Not a member of the group they are researching
Simultaneously conducting their own research project and participating in someone else’s research
One of the advantages of being an insider researcher is that:
Participants are more likely to disclose socially undesirable behaviour
Interviews are quicker to conduct
You can join in the focus group discussions you are moderating
It can be easier to establish rapport and trust with the participant group
Participant information sheets should:
Be as short as possible to avoid confusing participants
Include technical terms, to display the accurate scientific information
Provide participants with an appropriate amount of information, to allow them to make an informed decision about participation
Conceal the true aims of the research to ensure that participants aren’t too influenced by the researcher
Information about possible sources of support should:
Be given to all participants
Only be given to participants who cry during an interview
Only be included on a debrief sheet
Only be given to participants who ask for it
People’s rights as voluntary participants include the right...:
To be paid for their research participation
To receive a copy of their interview transcript and a copy of the final research report
To express their views in whatever way they choose to
To stop data collection at any time without giving a reason
It’s important to collect demographic data from participants because:
This enables participants to be more easily identified by people who know them
This enables the researcher to generalise their results
This helps the participants to identify themselves in the report of the research
This enables the researcher to conduct good quality research by ‘situating their sample’
On demographic sheets it is common to ask for information about:
People’s age and race/ethnicity
People’s age and monthly income
People’s monthly income and educational level
People’s height and weight
You should never ask participants about their:
Sexuality
Religious beliefs
Genital piercings
None of the above
Which of the following statements best describes why some people choose to do qualitative research:
Because it’s more objective than quantitative research
Because it’s easier than quantitative research
Because they find statistics really difficult
Because they are interesting in language and meaning
Bias is not a meaningful concept when critiquing qualitative researcher because:
Qualitative research is objective
Qualitative research recognises ‘bias’ as an inevitable component of research
Qualitative research is the poor cousin of quantitative research
Qualitative research is unscientific
