Toria Chukwuemeka
Quiz por , criado more than 1 year ago

a composite of quizzes and exams

32
0
0
Toria Chukwuemeka
Criado por Toria Chukwuemeka aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
Fechar

Bio 1240

Questão 1 de 156

1

_____ are alternative forms of a gene that govern the same feature, such as eye color

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • alleles

  • loci

  • genes

  • coupled traits

Explicação

Questão 2 de 156

1

pea plants were ell chosen for use in Mendel's breeding experiment for all of the following reasons except

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • peas show easily observed variations in a number of characteristics which as pea shape and flower color

  • it is possible to completely control matings between different pea plants

  • it is possible to obtain large number of progeny from any given cross

  • peas have an unusually long generation time (life span)

  • many of the observable characteristics that vary in pea plants are controlled by single genes

Explicação

Questão 3 de 156

1

the separation of alleles of a gene takes place during

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • anaphase of mitosis

  • cytokinesis of mitosis

  • anaphase I of meiosis

  • telophase II of meiosis

  • cytokinesis of meiosis

Explicação

Questão 4 de 156

1

which of the following represents the possible genotype(s) resulting from a cross between an individual homozygous (ZZ) and one heterozygous (Zz) individual?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ZZ and Zz

  • ZZ, Zz, and zz

  • ZZ only

  • Zz only

  • zz only

Explicação

Questão 5 de 156

1

Mating an individual expressing a dominant phenotype, but whose genotype is unknown, with an individual expressing the corresponding recessive phenotype is an example of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a heterozygous cross

  • an F1 cross

  • an F2 cross

  • a parental cross

  • a test cross

Explicação

Questão 6 de 156

1

in humans, assume that the allele for brown eyes is dominant and the allele for blue eyes is recessive. If two brown-eyed individuals have a child with blue eyes, that means

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • both parents are homozygous for brown eyes

  • both parents are heterozygous for eye color

  • multiple alleles are involved

  • none of these

Explicação

Questão 7 de 156

1

mendel crossed true-breeding plants having yellow peas with plants having green peas. the resulting plants all had yellow peas. An F2 cross resulted in 3/4 of the plants having yellow peas and 1/4 of the plants having green peas. What does this tell you about the alleles for color?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • yellow is usually the dominant color, but sometimes green can be dominant

  • green is the dominant color

  • yellow is the dominant color

  • yellow is the recessive color

  • the F1 plants must have had some green peas that went unnoticed

Explicação

Questão 8 de 156

1

An organism with the genotype of AaXx can produce gametes containing ____ if the two genes are unlinked

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • either Aa or Xx

  • either AX, Ax, aX, ax

  • AaXx

  • AX or ax

  • A,a,X,x

Explicação

Questão 9 de 156

1

why is color blindness more common in males than in females?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • because females would have to receive one copy of the recessive color blindness gene to actually express the trait

  • because a male only needs to receive one recessive allele from his mother to be color-blind

  • because color blindness is an Y-linked trait

  • females are hemizygous

Explicação

Questão 10 de 156

1

what are the possible phenotypes of the children of the children is the mother has Type O blood and the father has AB blood?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • all AB

  • A,B

  • A, AB

  • A, B, AB

  • A, B, O

Explicação

Questão 11 de 156

1

The information carried by DNA is incorporated in a code verified by the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • phosphodiester bonds of the DNA strand

  • number of separate strands of DNA

  • size of a particular chromosome

  • specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule

  • number is bases in a DNA strand

Explicação

Questão 12 de 156

1

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5' - AGATCCG - 3' ?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 5' - AGATCCG - 3'

  • 3' - AGATCCG - 5'

  • 5' - CTCGAAT - 3'

  • 3' - CTCGAAT - 5'

  • 3' - TCTAGGC - 5'

Explicação

Questão 13 de 156

1

Transcription of RNA takes place in the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • mitochondria

  • cytoplasm

  • ribosomes

  • nucleus

  • endoplasmic reticulum

Explicação

Questão 14 de 156

1

which of the following adds new nucleotides to a growing RNA chain?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DNA polymerase

  • DNA helicase

  • RNA primer

  • RNA polymerase

  • more than one of these

Explicação

Questão 15 de 156

1

the form of RNA the carries the code from DNA to the site where the protein is assembled his called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • messenger RNA

  • nuclear RNA

  • ribosomal RNA

  • transfer RNA

  • structural RNA

Explicação

Questão 16 de 156

1

uracil can pair with

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ribose

  • adenine

  • cytosine

  • thymine

  • guanine

Explicação

Questão 17 de 156

1

the portions of an RNA molecule that are translated are called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • introns

  • exons

  • regulatory proteins

  • anticodons

  • transcriptions

Explicação

Questão 18 de 156

1

sickle-cell anemia is caused by what type of mutation

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frameshift

  • missense

  • nonsense

  • silent

  • viral

Explicação

Questão 19 de 156

1

The inner surface of epithelial tissue rests on a

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • layer os adipose tissue

  • basement membrane / extracellular matrix

  • mix of cells and polysaccharides

  • mix of cells and proteins

Explicação

Questão 20 de 156

1

the principal difference between simple and stratified epithelium is in the number of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cell layers

  • total cells

  • nuclei per cell

  • free surfaces

  • microvilli

Explicação

Questão 21 de 156

1

what type of tissue is blood?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • epithelial

  • muscular

  • connective

  • adipose

  • noncellular fluid

Explicação

Questão 22 de 156

1

impulses are received by nerve cells through

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • an axon

  • any process that is long enough to reach the receptor

  • numerous dendrites

  • the intervention of the neuroglia

  • chondrocytes

Explicação

Questão 23 de 156

1

an _____ is a combination of two or more kinds of tissue that together perform one or more functions

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • organ

  • cell

  • organ system

  • connective tissue

  • neuroglial cell

Explicação

Questão 24 de 156

1

at rest, a nerve cell has a

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • negative membrane potential

  • difference of -70mV comparing the inside to the outside

  • resting potential

  • all of these are correct

Explicação

Questão 25 de 156

1

for sodium to accumulate rapidly inside a neuron cell membrane,

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a stimulus above the threshold open sodium gates

  • the wave of depolarization must occur to reestablish a resting potential

  • there must be a dramatic increases in the negative charge of the cytoplasm

  • the potassium gates must open first

Explicação

Questão 26 de 156

1

which of the following would not be considered part of the peripheral nervous system?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the eyes

  • the spinal cord

  • afferent neurons

  • the ears

  • efferent neurons

Explicação

Questão 27 de 156

1

afferent neurons

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • transmit information to the central nervous system

  • provide support for the neurons

  • transmit information from the central nervous system to effectors

  • are part of the central nervous system

  • connect motor and sensory neurons

Explicação

Questão 28 de 156

1

what happens immediately following the closing of the sodium gates during an action potential?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sodium ions enter the cell

  • sodium ions leave the cell

  • potassium ions enter the cell

  • potassium ions leave the cell

  • calcium ions leave the cell

Explicação

Questão 29 de 156

1

the membrane-bound enzyme system that helps to maintain the resting membrane potential is which of the following pumps

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sodium-phosphorus

  • sodium-potassium

  • sodium-chlorine

  • phosphorus-calcium

  • phosphorus-chlorine

Explicação

Questão 30 de 156

1

which form of RNA carries the code from the lac operon to the site where the protein is assembled?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • messenger RNA

  • nuclear RNA

  • ribosomal RNA

  • transfer RNA

  • structural RNA

Explicação

Questão 31 de 156

1

genes may be

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • turned on and off (regulated)

  • activated for only a short time in one cell and a long time in another cell

  • turned on and left on (constitutive)

  • two of these are correct

  • all of these are correct

Explicação

Questão 32 de 156

1

co-repressors in a repressible system bind to the ____ and make the operon _____

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • operator, inactive

  • repressor, inactive

  • operator, active

  • repressor, active

Explicação

Questão 33 de 156

1

RNA polymerase must have access to the DNA helix and be able to bind to the ___ in order for a gene to be transcribed

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • activator

  • regulator

  • promotor

  • operator

  • repressor

Explicação

Questão 34 de 156

1

the lac genes of E. coli are transcribe in the presence of lactose because

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • RNA polymerase binds to the operator

  • the repressor cannot bind to the promoter

  • as isomer of lactose binds to the repressor

  • none of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 35 de 156

1

which of the following applies to an inducible system?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a repressor protein, which is bound to DNA in absence of any other factor

  • a repressor protein, which is bound to DNA in the presence of a corepressor

  • an activator protein, which is bound to DNA in absence of any other factor

  • an activator protein, which is bound to DNA in the absence of an inhibitor

Explicação

Questão 36 de 156

1

which of the following lists the correct sequence of events involved in cell signaling in paracrine signaling between two cells?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • amplifying, signal transducing, receiving, responding

  • signal transducing, sending, receiving, terminating

  • sending, signal transducing, receiving, amplifying

  • receiving, sending, signal transducing, responding

  • sending, receiving, signal transducing, responding

Explicação

Questão 37 de 156

1

a receptor on the cell surface usually has several domains. The functions of the external domain is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • transmitting the signal to the inside of the cell

  • holding the receptor within the membrane

  • attaching the receptor to the DNA

  • function as an enzyme

  • binding the signaling molecule/ligand

Explicação

Questão 38 de 156

1

a protein kinase directly catalyzes the reaction in which

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a protein becomes glycosylated

  • a protein is phosphorylated (gains a phosphate group)

  • genes are transcribed

  • all of those

Explicação

Questão 39 de 156

1

what does the term dominant mean?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • it is the allele that is expressed in heterozygous organisms

  • it is the allele (and phenotype) that is more beneficial to the organism

  • it is the only type of allele that can be transmitted to future generations

  • it is the phenotype that will be exhibited in every individual, in every generation

Explicação

Questão 40 de 156

1

the physical appearance an organism exhibites for a particular trait is called the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • genotype

  • synapsis

  • genetics

  • dominance

  • phenotype

Explicação

Questão 41 de 156

1

the physical position of a gene along a chromosome is its

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • trait

  • locus

  • allele

  • chromatid

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 42 de 156

1

which genetic inheritance principle(s) was/were proven by gregor mendel using a cross that examined a single trait of Pisum sativum

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • dominance

  • independent assortment

  • two of these

  • segregation

  • all of these

Explicação

Questão 43 de 156

1

a heterozygous male hamster is crossed with a female hamster that is homozygous recessive. If they produce 100 offspring, which answer below is the most reasonable number of heterozygotes produced?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 100

  • 51

  • 24

  • 0

  • none of these is a realistic possibility

Explicação

Questão 44 de 156

1

mendel found that tall plants and yellow peas are dominant in the Pisum satvium plant. What is the expected phenotype for a pea plant with the genotype Ttyy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • tall with yellow peas

  • short with yellow peas

  • heterozygous

  • Ty

  • tall with green peas

Explicação

Questão 45 de 156

1

how many alleles are present for a single gene in a typical gamete?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • depends on the organism

  • more than two

  • two

  • one

  • none

Explicação

Questão 46 de 156

1

in a typical mendellian monohybrid F1 x F1 cross, what percentage of offspring should have a homozygous recessive genotype?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 50

  • 25

  • 75

  • 100

  • 0

Explicação

Questão 47 de 156

1

a lizard with a striped tail and solid head is crossed with one having a solid tail and spotted head. All of their offspring have solid tails and solid heads. Which of the following could be a parental genotype?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • TtHh

  • Tthh

  • ttHH

  • TTHH

  • tthh

Explicação

Questão 48 de 156

1

a genetic cross is conducted. The phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. What conclusion can be drawn?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • there are four separate genes involved

  • this is a test cross

  • this cross supports the idea of independent assortment, as described by mendel

  • this genotypic ratio is 3:1

Explicação

Questão 49 de 156

1

the following cross was set up

AAbb x aaBB

What percentage of offspring will exhibit a dominant phenotype for gene A?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 100%

  • 25%

  • 50%

  • monohybrid

Explicação

Questão 50 de 156

1

molly has a crop of red raspberries, produced from 10 generations of red raspberries. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have been thornless. Daniel has a crop of black raspberries, produced from 10 generations of black raspberries. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have had thorns. Suppose Molle and Daniel cross their plants and all offspring are Red Thorny. Which gametes will those red thorny offspring produce?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Rt, Rt, rT, rt

  • Rt, rT

  • RT, Rt

  • RrTt

Explicação

Questão 51 de 156

1

yen has a crop of red roses, produced from 10 generations of red raspberries. For all 10 generations, the rose bushes have been thornless. Usman has a crop of black roses, produced from 10 generations of black roses. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have had thorns. If yen and usman cross their plants, what phenotype would be exhibited by the offspring?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • RRTT

  • black thornless

  • thorny thornless

  • red thornless

  • cannot determine

Explicação

Questão 52 de 156

1

in string beans, green is dominant to yellow, and long beans are dominant to short. A plant that has long yellow beans is crossed with a plant that has short green beans. All of the offspring are identical to each other. Predict the parental genotypes

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • GgLl x GgLl

  • GgLl x ggll

  • GGLL x ggll

  • GGll x ggLL

Explicação

Questão 53 de 156

1

two heterozygous hamsters are crossed. what percentage of their offspring will likely be homozygous dominant?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 33%

  • 50%

  • 25%

  • 0%

Explicação

Questão 54 de 156

1

an individual who has trisomy 21 (Downs syndrome) has ___ total chromosomes per cell

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 47

  • 21

  • 26

  • 24

Explicação

Questão 55 de 156

1

a human gamete is found to possess 24 chromosomes. which of the following statements is correct?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the gamete is normal

  • nondisjunction occurred during zygote formation

  • nondisjunction occurred during meiosis

  • none of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 56 de 156

1

in a certain small mammal, spotted tongue is caused by an X-linked recessive gene. In one litter, there are 2 females with spotted tongues, 1 male with spotted tongue, and 1 male without spotted tongue. What is the phenotype of the father?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cannot determine

  • dominant

  • recessive

Explicação

Questão 57 de 156

1

in a certain iris flower variety, gene "Q" controls seed color, and it controls susceptibility to a disease. this gene exhibits

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • additive dominance

  • variegation

  • pleiotropy

  • codominance

  • incomplete dominance

Explicação

Questão 58 de 156

1

which trait in humans is known to exhibit multiple alleles?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sickle cell disease

  • color blindness

  • hemophilia

  • blood typing antigens

Explicação

Questão 59 de 156

1

an individual is homozygous recessive for colorblindness (XcXc). which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the individual's mother is colorblind

  • the individual is a male

  • the indidual's father is not colorblind

  • none of these can be correct

Explicação

Questão 60 de 156

1

a child has blood type O. His mother has blood type A. It is not possible for his father to have blood type:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • AB

  • O

  • A

  • B

  • more than one choice is correct

Explicação

Questão 61 de 156

1

Zachary has hemophilia, and X-linked condition. His fiancee, Taylor, does not hace the condition nor does she carry an allele for it. Which statement concerning their potential offspring is correct?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 100% of their daughters will carry the hemophilia allele

  • 50% of their daughters will have hemophilia

  • none of their sons will have hemophilia

  • 100% of their children will have hemophilia

  • more than one of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 62 de 156

1

the central dogma of genetics outlines the transfer of geneti information as follows:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • translation > transcription > replication

  • translation > replication > transcription

  • transcription > translation > replication

  • replication > transcription > translation

Explicação

Questão 63 de 156

1

which of the following statements about DNA is false

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose

  • DNA does not contain uracil

  • DNA is found in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells

  • DNA is usually double-stranded rather than single-stranded

  • all of these statements is false

Explicação

Questão 64 de 156

1

in ____, the total number if purines is equal to the total number of pyrimidines

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • single-stranded DNA

  • single-stranded RNA

  • double-stranded DNA

  • more than one of these

Explicação

Questão 65 de 156

1

a double stranded SNA molecule is analyzed. on strand 1, there is a adenosine at the 3' terminus. based on this information, which of the following statements is correct?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • on strand 2, there is a uracil at the 5' terminus

  • on strand 2, there is a adenosine at the 5' terminus

  • on strand 2, there is a thymidine at the 5' terminus

  • on strand 2, there is a thymidine at the 3' terminus

Explicação

Questão 66 de 156

1

the enzyme ___ catalyzes phosphodiester bonds in a growing deoxynucleotide strand

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • more than one of these

  • RNA polymerase

  • DNA polymerase

  • DNA helicase

Explicação

Questão 67 de 156

1

Place the following events of DNA replication in the proper sequence

(A) the hydrogen bonds holding two strands together break, allowing the strands to separate
(B) phosphodiester bonds form between the nucleotide substrates
(C) free-floating nucleotide substrates align with complimentary nucleotides on the template
(D) the coils in the helix unwind
(E) hydrogen bonds form between template strands and newly synthesized strands

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DACBE

  • ECBAD

  • DCBAE

  • DACEB

Explicação

Questão 68 de 156

1

a nucleotide monomer, when incorporated into a growing polynucleotide strand, is ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • added to the 5' end of the DNA or RNA molecule

  • added to the 3' end of the DNA or the 5' RNA molecule

  • added to the 3' end of the DNA or RNA molecule

  • none of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 69 de 156

1

which of the following is not directly needed for transcription to occur

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • nucleotide monomers

  • DNA polymerase enzymes

  • a promoter

  • DNA

  • all of these are required

Explicação

Questão 70 de 156

1

complementary and anti-parallel describes with of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DNA template:RNA during transcription

  • ssDNA

  • dsDNA

  • two of these

  • all of these

Explicação

Questão 71 de 156

1

sequences of nucleotides that ARE translated include

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • exons

  • codons

  • anticodons

  • two previous choices are correct

  • three previous choices are correct

Explicação

Questão 72 de 156

1

there are only 20,000 genes in human beings. Which of the following is not a way that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the amount of an mRNA in a particular cell could be regulated by its stability

  • alternative splicing could allow for one gene to produce different proteins with different function

  • certain genes could be turned on in some cell types but not in others contributing to different phenotypes in different cells

  • all of these are ways that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized

  • more than one of these are ways that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized

Explicação

Questão 73 de 156

1

which type of nucleic acid contains the codon sequence found in the chart used to determine the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ribosomal RNA

  • transfer RNA

  • messenger RNA

  • template DNA strand

  • more than one of these

Explicação

Questão 74 de 156

1

the genetic code is redundant. this means that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • some codons code for more than one amino acid

  • more than one ribosome can bind to an mRNA molecule

  • there is more than one stop codon in the genetic code

  • some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon

Explicação

Questão 75 de 156

1

as depicted in the central dogma, ____ is necessary to pass traits to future generations, whereas ____ are necessary for gene expression

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • replication; transcription and translation

  • transcription; translation and replication

  • translation; replication and transcription

  • none of these

Explicação

Questão 76 de 156

1

which of the following is a small, circular DNA molecule, found in bacteria, and is used as a vector (a carrier that can transport a DNA fragment to a desired location?)

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • probe

  • plasmid

  • transformation

  • restriction enzyme

Explicação

Questão 77 de 156

1

a certain gene contains 60 nucleotides. close to when transcription of the gene begins, one extra nucleotide is inserted into the growing RNA. as a result, the polypeptide later produced ____

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • will most likely have one fewer amino acids

  • will most likely contain one altered amino acid

  • will most likely contain several incorrect amino acids due to a frameshift

  • will most likely contain one extra amino acid

Explicação

Questão 78 de 156

1

the transcriptionally regulated genes within an operon that code for the proteins needed to achieve the operon's overall goal are called the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • repressible

  • regulatory

  • inducible

  • structural

Explicação

Questão 79 de 156

1

which gene segment is positioned in between the promoter and the structural genes?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the RNA polymerase

  • the operator

  • the repressor protein

  • the codon

Explicação

Questão 80 de 156

1

some operons are considered inducible while others are repressible. which situation describes the lac operon and trp operons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • lac is inducible; trp is repressible

  • both are inducible

  • lac is repressible; trp is inducible

  • both are repressible

Explicação

Questão 81 de 156

1

an E. coli cell is growing in an environment that contains no lactose and no trytophan. which genes would you expect to be actively expressed in this cell?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the trp E structural gene

  • the lac Z gene

  • the regulatory gene that is the lac operon

  • two of the previos choices are correct

  • all of the previous choices are correct

Explicação

Questão 82 de 156

1

the expression of a certain gene was recently studied in a large number of cells from a large number of individuals. in every cell type and in every organism the rate of gene expression was the same. this suggests that the gene is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • controlled in a repressible operon

  • controlled in an inducible operon

  • catabolic

  • constitutively expressed

  • not easily classified

Explicação

Questão 83 de 156

1

a certain infectious bacterium uses five enzymes to synthesize its disease causing components. all five of these enzymes are produced together in the bacterial cell. the region of the bacterial DNA that contains the genes for these enzymes is most precisely called a(n)

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • vector

  • regulatory region

  • chromosome

  • operon

Explicação

Questão 84 de 156

1

which portion of the lac operon must be attached to something (i.e. an outside molecule) for initiation of transcription of the structural genes to occur?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • structural gene D

  • structural gene E

  • the lac promoter region

  • the lac operator region

Explicação

Questão 85 de 156

1

a bacterial culture can produce molecule Z. production is reduced when molecule Z is produced by the cells in large amounts or when it is added by a researcher to the growth medium. production of molecule Z is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sporadic

  • constitutive

  • controlled by a repressible operon

  • controlled by an inducible operon

Explicação

Questão 86 de 156

1

what is the primary goal of the lac operon in E. coli?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • to break lactose into its subunits

  • to use lactose as a molecular building block

  • to synthesize lactose from smaller components

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 87 de 156

1

in the lac operon, what would be the result of a defect in the operator site that prevented repressor attachment?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the repressor would attach to the promoter

  • the operon would be permanently turned on

  • the structural genes would not be expressed

  • the operon would be permanently turned off

Explicação

Questão 88 de 156

1

which gene codes for a catabolic enzyme?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • gene E in the trp operon

  • gene z in the lac operon

  • gene a in the trp operon

  • the operator segment in the lac operon

  • none of these

Explicação

Questão 89 de 156

1

which characteristics of eukaryotes present challenges to our study of gene regulation?

1. relatively short life span and lack of developmental changes
2. increased size of the eukaryotic genome
3. multicellularity with cell specialization
4. simplistic internal cell anatomy

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • all four charateristics

  • characteristic 2 and 3

  • characteristic 2, 3, and 4

  • characteristic 3, exclusively

Explicação

Questão 90 de 156

1

tightly fitted sheets of cells are observed in ____ tissues

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cartilage

  • blood

  • epithelial

  • connective

Explicação

Questão 91 de 156

1

the ability to exert force by contracting is observed in _____ tissues

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • muscle

  • nervous

  • epithelial

  • blood

Explicação

Questão 92 de 156

1

the linings of blood vessels are called ____ but are categorized as simple squamous epithelium

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • exovascular

  • endothelium

  • ectothelium

  • epicardium

Explicação

Questão 93 de 156

1

autocrine signaling differs from other types of signaling in that the signaling molecule

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • is received by the same cell that sends it

  • acts on nearby cells

  • binds to a receptor

  • is secreted by neurons only

Explicação

Questão 94 de 156

1

channel-linked receptors such as those that bind to neurotransmitters

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • can be ligand-gated or voltage gated

  • must be located on a cell membrane like the plasma membrane

  • allow for movement of ions down their concentration gradients

  • two of these are correct

  • all of these are correct

Explicação

Questão 95 de 156

1

of the four steps in neural signaling, which one involves sorting and interpretation of stimuli?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • transmission

  • integration

  • reception

  • none of these

Explicação

Questão 96 de 156

1

stimuli are often converted to electrical signals by

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sensory receptors

  • glial cells

  • autonomic nerves

  • efferent neurons

Explicação

Questão 97 de 156

1

which of the following conditions can provide environmental information to a sensory receptor?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • molecular concentration

  • pressure changes and vibrations

  • light and heat

  • two of these

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 98 de 156

1

the conversion of stimulus energy into an energy form that can be communicated to the central nervous system is called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • adaptation

  • reception

  • summation

  • transduction

Explicação

Questão 99 de 156

1

free nerve endings are involved in the sense of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • smell

  • sight

  • pain

  • touch

  • taste

Explicação

Questão 100 de 156

1

the ability for visual accommodation is possessed by

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • insects and vertebrates

  • vertebrates, sea stars, and hydra

  • vertebrates

  • vertebrates, flatworms, and crustaceans

Explicação

Questão 101 de 156

1

which of the following statements is false?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cones allow us to see colors

  • the fovea portion of the retina has a high concentration of rods and a low concentration of cones

  • rods are more sensitive to dim light than cones

  • all of the statements are false

Explicação

Questão 102 de 156

1

which statement is false?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the sclera controls the amount of light that enters the pupil

  • the retina contains photoreceptors

  • the cornea is transparent

  • ciliary muscles are necessary for accommodation

Explicação

Questão 103 de 156

1

the first focusing element in a vertebrate eye from the front to the back is the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cornea

  • iris

  • lens

  • retina

Explicação

Questão 104 de 156

1

___ is an accumulation of excess connetive tissue on the lens, resulting in visual impairment

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cataract

  • farsightedness

  • an astigmatism

  • glaucoma

Explicação

Questão 105 de 156

1

which portion of the human ear contains sensor receptors

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • tympanic membrane

  • cochlea

  • semicircular canals

  • pinna

  • more than one of these

Explicação

Questão 106 de 156

1

place the parts of the ear in the correct order as sound waves are received by the outer ear for transduction to a receptor potential for hearing

1. incus
2. malleus
3. stapes
4. tympanic membrane
5. semicircular canals
6. cochlea

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 42135

  • 21346

  • 42136

  • 51236

Explicação

Questão 107 de 156

1

the direction of information flow in a single neuron is from the ___ to the ___ and finally to the ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • dendrite, cell body, synaptic terminus, axon

  • synaptic terminus, cell body, dendrite, axon

  • dendrite, cell body, axon, synaptic terminus

  • axon, cell body, synaptic terminus, dendrite

Explicação

Questão 108 de 156

1

as organisms exhibiting bilateral symmetry evolved, nervous systems exhibiting ___ developed

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • nerve cords running anterior > posterior

  • a center of coordination

  • neurons with specific functions

  • greater numbers of neurons (per body mass)

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 109 de 156

1

the triple layer of tissues which surround and protect the central nervous system are called the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • meninges

  • glial cells

  • appendicular skeleton

  • neuromuscular junction

Explicação

Questão 110 de 156

1

in humans, ___ nerves prepare our organs to respond to stressful situations

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sympathetic

  • somatic

  • cerebral

  • parasympathetic

Explicação

Questão 111 de 156

1

the presence of a myelin sheath can increase the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • speed of the impulse

  • threshold value

  • resting potential

  • intensity of an impulse

Explicação

Questão 112 de 156

1

a single neuron sends a message along its axon. the message is sent back to an earlier neuron in the pathway, causing positive feedback. this type of neural citcuit is called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • reverbrating

  • convergent

  • divergent

  • reflex

Explicação

Questão 113 de 156

1

which of the following would you expect to have the greatest influence on the generation of action potentials in neurons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ion concentration

  • pH

  • hydration levels

  • temperature

Explicação

Questão 114 de 156

1

which scenario best describes the generation of an action potential in a neuron?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • influx of calciumm depolarizes the cell and efflux of hydrogen replarizes the cell

  • influx of potassium depolarizes the cell and efflux of calcium repolarizes the cell

  • influx of potassium depolarizes the cell and efflux of sodium repolarizes the cell

  • influx of sodium depolarizes the cell and efflux of potassium repolarizes the cell

Explicação

Questão 115 de 156

1

an impulse travels to the pre-synaptic terminal of a neuron, which of the following is the most direct response to this occurence?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ion channels on the post-synaptic cell open

  • neurotransmitters attach to the post-synaptic cell

  • an influx of calcium causes synaptic vesicles to fuse with the cell membrane

  • sodium ions leave the neuron

Explicação

Questão 116 de 156

1

if the neurotransmitter glycine caused negatively charged ions to enter a resting neuron, it would create a(n) ___ state

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • depolarized

  • excitatory

  • reflexive

  • hyperpolarized

Explicação

Questão 117 de 156

1

which of the following are components of the central nervous system?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • optic nerve

  • the cerebrum

  • femoral nerve (in the thigh)

  • radial nerve (in the arm and wrist)

  • more than one choice is correct

Explicação

Questão 118 de 156

1

in multicellular organism, tissues that maintain homeostasis by responding to nerve impulses formed after a stimulus are called ____

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • effectors

  • sensory tissues

  • immunogens

  • neural tissues

Explicação

Questão 119 de 156

1

why are skeletons useful in achieving locomotion?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • movement of skeleton components push muscles

  • ions contained in skeletal tissue sreve as neurotransmitters at neuromuscular junctions

  • they provide a stationary point of resistance to muscle contraction

  • ions contained in skeletal tissue initiate muscle contraction

Explicação

Questão 120 de 156

1

exoskeletons are present in ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cnidarian (hydras)

  • vertebrates (horses)

  • mollusks (snail)

  • two of the previous choices are correct

Explicação

Questão 121 de 156

1

bones of limbs are ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • axial

  • terminal

  • appendicular

  • cranial

Explicação

Questão 122 de 156

1

the vertebrae are ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the bones to which the femurs are attached

  • the subunits of the spinal cord

  • the layers of protective​ tissue around peripheral nerves

  • the bones of the wrist and ankle

  • none of the previous choices is correct

Explicação

Questão 123 de 156

1

the point of a skeleton where bones are connected to each other in a hinge is called a ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ligament

  • joint

  • tendon

  • cartilage

Explicação

Questão 124 de 156

1

when a muscle contracts, it pulls on a ___ which then pulls on a ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ligament ... joint

  • tendon ... bone

  • joint ... tendon

  • bone ... tendon

Explicação

Questão 125 de 156

1

ATP hydrolysis is essential for ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • muscle relaxation

  • muscle contraction

  • both

  • neither

Explicação

Questão 126 de 156

1

the organizational unit known as an osteon is a component of ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • spongy bone

  • cardiac muscle

  • joints

  • compact bone

Explicação

Questão 127 de 156

1

a certain individual has an elevated number of osteoclasts and a reduced number of osteoblasts. which of the following health conditions might result from this?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • bone spurs

  • muscle spasms

  • muscle degeneration

  • osteoporosis

Explicação

Questão 128 de 156

1

which type of muscle is striated and responds to involuntary neural signals?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • skeletal

  • smooth

  • cardiac

  • more than one of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 129 de 156

1

a tube-shaped​ component in a muscle fiber, composed of overlapping myofilaments, is known as ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • a sarcolemma

  • a T tubule

  • a myofibril

  • a muscle

Explicação

Questão 130 de 156

1

each time the tricep muscle in your upper arm contracts,

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the biceps muscle in the opposite arm relaxes

  • the biceps muscle in the same arm contracts

  • the biceps muscle in the same arm relaxes

  • the biceps muscle in the opposite arm contracts

Explicação

Questão 131 de 156

1

according to the sliding filament theory, when a skeletal muscle contracts, ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the myosin filaments get shorter

  • the Z lines of a sarcomere move away from each other

  • the actin filaments get shorter

  • none of the above occurs

Explicação

Questão 132 de 156

1

which of the following is associated with muscle fatigue and cramping?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • lactic acid accumulation

  • hemoglobin depletion

  • calcium deficiency

  • ADP depletion

Explicação

Questão 133 de 156

1

acetylcholine would most likely be found ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • in T tubules

  • in a sarcoplasmic reticulum

  • attached to microfilaments

  • in a neuromuscular junction

  • none of the choices is correct

Explicação

Questão 134 de 156

1

what is a cross-bridge?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the connection between a neuron and a muscle

  • the connection that forms between actin and myosin

  • the connection between two osteons

  • the connection between a joint and two bones

Explicação

Questão 135 de 156

1

high oxygen concentration in blood enables a high metabolic rate and greater level of activity/physical exertion. based on relative activity levels and respiratory and circulatory system complexity, which organism would you expect to have the highest clood O2?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frog

  • bird

  • crocodile

  • snake

  • all how rougly the same blood O2

Explicação

Questão 136 de 156

1

which os the following have open circulatory systems

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cnidarians

  • platyhelminthes

  • both of these

  • neither of these

Explicação

Questão 137 de 156

1

new red blood cells are synthesized by ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • bone marrow

  • spleen

  • mature red blood cells

  • muscles

Explicação

Questão 138 de 156

1

the oxygen carrier molecule hemoglobin is an essential compoent of ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • erythrocytes

  • red and white blood cells and platelets

  • red blood cells and white blood cells

  • platelets and red blood cells

Explicação

Questão 139 de 156

1

the cellular fragment ___ is necessary for normal blood clotting ability

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • hemoglobin

  • platelets

  • carbon dioxide

  • plasma

Explicação

Questão 140 de 156

1

blood is composed of cellular components, suspended in a fluid. which of the following best describes the proportion of cells to fluids in blood?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the proportion varies greatly from individual to individual assuming the individuals are well hydrated and do not have a cancer of the blood

  • there is a roughly equal amount of fluid and cells

  • there are many more cells than there is fluid

  • there is much more fluid than cellular material

Explicação

Questão 141 de 156

1

the main difference between arteries and veins is that arteries

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • carry blood containing a higher concentration of oxygen

  • take blood away from the heart

  • carry blood containing a higher concentration of carbon dioxide

  • more than one of these is correct

Explicação

Questão 142 de 156

1

where is blood pressure the lowest?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • all are the same

  • pulmonary artery

  • dorsal aorta

  • vena cava

Explicação

Questão 143 de 156

1

the superior and inferior vena cava deliver ___ blood to the ____

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • oxygenated ... right ventricle

  • deoxygenated ... right atrium

  • oxygenated ... left atrium

  • deoxygenated ... left atrium

Explicação

Questão 144 de 156

1

which sequence correctly describes the pulmonary circuit?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium

  • right atrium > left atrium > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > right ventricle

  • right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary veins > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary arteries > left atrium

  • left atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > right atrium

Explicação

Questão 145 de 156

1

the presence of two circulatory pathways (systemic and pulmonary) is typically observed in ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • birds

  • fishes

  • earthworms

  • hydra

Explicação

Questão 146 de 156

1

the blood vessels that contain valves are called ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • arteries

  • arterioles

  • capillaries

  • veins

  • more than one of these

Explicação

Questão 147 de 156

1

the spleen is a part of the ___ system

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • reproductive

  • cardiovascular

  • disgestive

  • immune

Explicação

Questão 148 de 156

1

which os the following is a connection between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the lymph system synthesizes erythrocytes for the blood

  • the lymph system collects and delivers interstitial fluid back to the blood

  • arteris are part of the lymphatic system

  • they are not related

Explicação

Questão 149 de 156

1

respiratory systems in insects use ___ to transport oxygen directly into tissues

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • alveoli

  • gills

  • bronchi

  • tracheoles

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 150 de 156

1

gas exchange is best accomplished by moving air across a ___ membrane

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • dry, thin

  • positively charged, dry

  • negatively charged, thick

  • moist, thin

Explicação

Questão 151 de 156

1

during ___ the diaphragm relaxes, the chest cavity contracts, and air is expelled

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • inspiration

  • inhalation

  • none of these

  • expiration

Explicação

Questão 152 de 156

1

which sequence of structures is correct (exterior > interior)

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • alveolus, trachea, bronchiole, bronchus

  • bronchus, trachea, bronchiole, alveolus

  • trachea, bronchiole, bronchus, alveolus

  • trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus

Explicação

Questão 153 de 156

1

microbial infection of the bronchi, leading to airway obstruction and inflammation is called ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • emphysema

  • bronchitis

  • asthma

  • cystic fibrosis

Explicação

Questão 154 de 156

1

in non-specific immunity, repeated exposure to a pathogen ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • increases the strength but decreases the speed of the immune response

  • decreases the speed and strength of the immune response

  • has no affect of the speed or strength of the immune response

  • increases the speed of the immune response

Explicação

Questão 155 de 156

1

non-specific immunity is ___, while specific immunity is ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • induced ... suppressed

  • suppressed ... induced

  • acquired ... innate

  • innate ... acquired

Explicação

Questão 156 de 156

1

interactions between infectious materials and antibodies are the central aspect of ___

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • physiologic immunity

  • non-specific immunity

  • humoral immunity

  • cell-mediated immunity

Explicação

Anterior
Verificar resposta
Próximo