Healthy diet

Carbohydrates and fats

Proteins

Mineral ions and vitamins

Malnourished

Metabolic rate

Metabolic rate depends on:

Semmelweis

Pathogens

Why are bacteria harmful?

Why are viruses harmful?

How do white blood cells defend against pathogens?

Why can't viruses by destroyed
by antibiotics?

How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?

Painkillers

Vaccine

How do vaccines
cause immunization

What does MMR vaccination protect you against?

How to ensure your bacteria culture is uncontaminated?

Why do people culture microorganisms?

What temperature should cultures be incubated in schools?

Why should cultures be grown at only 25 °C in schools?
(Higher temperature = More rapid growth)

Human nervous system

Receptors

Reflex actions

Central Nervous system

Reflex action description:
(From receptor to effector)

Effector

Conditions that need to be controlled in the body

How does water leave the body?

How do ions leave the body?

Why does temperature need to be maintained at a constant 37°C ?

Why do blood sugar levels need to be controlled?

Hormones

FSH
(Follicle stimulating hormone)

Oestrogen

LH
(Luteinising hormone)

What hormones do oral contraceptives contain?

IVF
(In-vitro fertilisation)

Plants are sensitive to:

Shoots

Roots

Auxin and phototropism

Auxin and geotropism

Use of plant growth hormones

Stages of drug testing

Blind trials

Double-blind trials

Statins

Thalidomide

Result of thalidomide tragedy

Legal, recreational drugs

Illegal, recreational drugs

Effects of the misuse of
illegal drugs

Effects of cannabis

Overall impact of legal drugs

Drugs

Performance enhancing drugs

Plants compete for:

Animals compete for:

Extremophiles

Adaptations of a polar bear:

Adaptations of a camel:

Cactus adaptations

Changes in environment affecting distribution of organisms

Organisms indicators of pollution

Non-living indicators of
environmental changes

What is the primary source
of energy?

Why biomass of organisms reduced at each stage in a food chain?

How are materials returned to
the environment?

Why do materials decay?

Optimum conditions
for decomposers

Stable community

Carbon cycle definition

Carbon cycle

Why are organisms similar to
their parents?

Chromosomes

Why do individuals have different characteristics?

Sexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction

Cuttings

Tissue culture

Embryo transplants

Adult cell cloning

Genetic engineering

GM crops

Concerns about GM crops

Darwin's theory of evolution

Why was Darwin's theory
gradually accepted?

Lamarck's theory

Natural selection