Developmental Quiz

Questão 1 de 95

1

Before learning about Piaget's theory, you understood the terms "assimilation" and "accommodation" as they are used in conversation. After learning about Piaget's theory, you understood these terms as processes of intellectual development. This new understanding is most specifically known as

Selecione uma das seguintes:

organisation
assimilation
accommodation
epistemology

Explicação

Questão 2 de 95

1

A most basic assumption of Piaget's theory is that children progress through developmental stages _________ .

Selecione uma das seguintes:

in an invariant sequence
at specific ages
dependent upon their sociocultural experiences
as they acquire increasingly complex understandings of imitation

Explicação

Questão 3 de 95

1

Developmental research has confirmed the basic sequence of development that Piaget proposed for the sensorimotor period, but some of the milestones are reached earlier than he proposed, including all of the following except

Selecione uma das seguintes:

A-not-B errors
deferred imitation
primary circular reactions
object permanence

Explicação

Questão 4 de 95

1

Which of the following competencies is acquired in Piaget's preoperational stage?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

symbolic function
decentration
reversibility
transitivity

Explicação

Questão 5 de 95

1

Piaget notes that children's cognitive competencies were often uneven, with children being unable to solve certain problems even though they could solve similar problems requiring the same mental operations. He referred to this phenomenon as

Selecione uma das seguintes:

genetic epistemology
decentration of operations
mental seriation
horizontal decalage

Explicação

Questão 6 de 95

1

Tamara is beginning to use hypothetico-deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning in her thinking. She is becoming quite idealistic in her thinking about world politics and even her parents' behaviour. In addition, she imagines that other people are as interested in her thoughts and behaviours as she is. Tamara is most likely in the _________ stage of development.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete-operational
formal-operational

Explicação

Questão 7 de 95

1

Developmental psychologists critisise Piaget's cognitive developmental theory for all of the following reasons except

Selecione uma das seguintes:

the assumption that development occurs in stages
failing to adequately describe different stages of cognitive development
failing to specify how children progress from one stage of development to the next
understanding social and cultural influences on cognitive development

Explicação

Questão 8 de 95

1

Vygotsky proposed that we should evaluate development from the perspective of four interrelated levels in interaction with children's environments. These four levels include all of the following except

Selecione uma das seguintes:

microgenetic
ontogenetic
phylogenetic
sociogenetic

Explicação

Questão 9 de 95

1

Text messaging to communicate using cell phones is so common in today's generation of teenagers and young adults that it has become what Vygotsky would call a

Selecione uma das seguintes:

zone of proximal development
tool of intellectual adaptation
scaffold
guide of participation

Explicação

Questão 10 de 95

1

argued that children's self-talk was a form of egocentric speech. argued that children's self-talk was a cognitive self-guidance system that regulates problem-solving activities.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Piaget; Vygotsky
Piaget; Piaget
Vygotsky; Piaget
Vygotsky; Vygotsky

Explicação

Questão 11 de 95

1

Which of the following emotions is not present at birth?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

interest
disgust
contentment
embarrassment

Explicação

Questão 12 de 95

1

Children must achieve the cognitive abilities of self-recognition and self-evaluation in order to experience which of the following emotions?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

contentment
disgust
embarrassment
interest

Explicação

Questão 13 de 95

1

Each culture has _______ that specify for children of each gender the appropriate intensity of emotion and the appropriate valence (positive or negative) of emotion that is acceptable in that culture.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

emotional regulation rules
emotional display rules
social referencing rules
socialisation rules

Explicação

Questão 14 de 95

1

A person's tendency to respond in predictable ways to environmental events is known as

Selecione uma das seguintes:

emotional regulation
emotional display
temperament
socialisation

Explicação

Questão 15 de 95

1

When there is a poor goodness-of-fit between parenting behaviours and temperamental attributes, ________ children may experience adjustment problems.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

slow-to-warm-up
easy
behaviourally inhibited
sociable

Explicação

Questão 16 de 95

1

After the _________, infants use their attachment object as a secure base for exploration.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

asocial phase of attachments
phase of indiscriminate attachments
phase of specific attachments
phase of multiple attachments

Explicação

Questão 17 de 95

1

Which theory of attachment is currently considered the predominately accepted theory by developmental psychologists?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

psychoanalytic
learning
cognitive developmental
ethological

Explicação

Questão 18 de 95

1

Which developmental milestone is generally thought to be necessary before an infant will display separation anxiety?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

entering the asocial phase of attachments
using the attachment figure as a secure base for exploration
achieving object permanence
experiencing embarrassment or shame

Explicação

Questão 19 de 95

1

Jamal is a 1-year-old toddler who is being tested in a university laboratory. He is guided through a series of episodes during which his mother and a stranger come and go from the room in which he is playing. Jamal is most likely being tested using the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Strange Situation Test
Attachment Q-set Test
Attachment Classification Test
Secure Attachment Test

Explicação

Questão 20 de 95

1

Infants may form ________ of themselves and of others, which are somewhat stable over time and influence their reactions to people and challenges for years to come.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

attachment classifications
temperamental classifications
Q-set models
internal working models

Explicação

Questão 21 de 95

1

A psychologist studies ________. She is interested in how children learn the meanings of bound morphemes, free morphemes, and sentences.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

phonology
morphology
semantics
syntax

Explicação

Questão 22 de 95

1

Tamina is preoccupied with pointing at things and asking what they are. She is a toddler who experiences

Selecione uma das seguintes:

the naming explosion
prelinguistic vocables
an overactive language acquisition device (LAD)
metalinguistic awareness

Explicação

Questão 23 de 95

1

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the longitudinal research design?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
It is subject to the cross-generational problem.
It violates the scientific method.
It may cause developmental delays and trauma to the participants

Explicação

Questão 24 de 95

1

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the cross-sectional research design?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
It is subject to the cross-gender problem.
It violates the scientific method.
It may cause developmental changes that would not occur naturally and which may not be long-lasting.

Explicação

Questão 25 de 95

1

Match with the correct answer.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

from 3rd to 8th prenatal week

major organ systems begin to function

lasting from conception to implantation

Explicação

Questão 26 de 95

1

A severe form of depression suffered by about 10% of new mothers leaves these women feeling like they don't want their babies, perceiving their babies to be "difficult", and not interacting with their babies. These feelings can last for months. This form of depression is known as

Selecione uma das seguintes:

maternity depression
maternity blues
postpartum depression
post-birth depression

Explicação

Questão 27 de 95

1

Oxygen deprivation at birth is called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

breech delivery
anoxia
oxygen depletion
umbilical cord abnormality

Explicação

Questão 28 de 95

1

Match with the correct answer.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

a father's initial emotional response

a mother's initial emotional response

Explicação

Questão 29 de 95

1

________ are external agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals, and radiation that can harm a developing embryo or fetus.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Fetal programs
PCBs
Teratogens
Toxoplasmoses

Explicação

Questão 30 de 95

1

A period during which an organism is quite susceptible to certain environmental influences is known as ________ . Outside this period, the same environmental influences must be much stronger to produce comparable effects.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

sensitive period
teratogen period
differentiation period
danger period

Explicação

Questão 31 de 95

1

The most critical period in prenatal development for potential damage to the developing organism from teratogens is the period of the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

blastocyst
zygote
fetus
embryo

Explicação

Questão 32 de 95

1

According to Piaget, accommodation refers to

Selecione uma das seguintes:

the modification or distortion of new information in order to incorporate it into current schemes
the fact that every structure has its genesis in previous structures
the tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems of structures
the changing of a current scheme in order to incorporate new information

Explicação

Questão 33 de 95

1

According to Piaget, cognitive equilibration refer to the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems or structures
individual seeking to stabilise his or her cognitive structures
tendency to modify structures in order to incorporate new information into existing structures
fact that every structure has its genesis (i.e., its origins) in earlier structures

Explicação

Questão 34 de 95

1

Match the concepts with their definitions after Piaget.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

Intelligence

Cognitive Equilibration

Assimilation

Constructivist

Schemes

Organisation

Explicação

Questão 35 de 95

1

The first major period in Piaget's stage theory is the sensorimotor stage, which lasts from birth to approximately 2 years of age. Accordingly to Piaget, children at this stage

Selecione uma das seguintes:

are not able to comprehend the world yet, and must rely on others to do their thinking for them
are able to think logically and comprehend their environment
are of little interest to experimental psychologists because they are unable to verbalise fluently
are able to comprehend the world around them through their actions on it

Explicação

Questão 36 de 95

1

According to Piaget, imitation is the purest example of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

accommodation
assimilation
the coordination of both assimilation and coordination
abstract representation

Explicação

Questão 37 de 95

1

Six-month-old Pedro is playing with his stuffed toy rabbit in his crib. He sets the rabbit down, and as he moves to reach his bottle, his blanket covers this toy. Pedro then turns to reach for his rabbit, but seeing only a bump in his blanket, he cries. According to Piaget, Pedro’s actions in this situation reflect a lack of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

object permanence
deferred imitation
primary circular reactions
assimilation

Explicação

Questão 38 de 95

1

Piaget's concept of object permanence refers to the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

knowledge that objects have an existence in space and time independent of one's perceptions of and action on them
knowledge that an inanimate object (e.g., a ball) will remain in a given location when put there, although an animate object (e.g., a rabbit) may not
tendency for semantic knowledge of objects to remain permanently in long-term memory
ability to memorise the spatial location of permanent objects in the environment

Explicação

Questão 39 de 95

1

Match the following concepts with their definitions.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

A-not-B error

primary circular reactions

invariant developmental sequence

cordination of 2ndary circular reactions

neo-nativism

Explicação

Questão 40 de 95

1

Glen's mother has dark hair and is short; Glen thinks that all mothers have dark hair and are short. This is an example of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

conservation
disequilibrium
egocentrism
accommodation

Explicação

Questão 41 de 95

1

The preoperational child is charaterised by

Selecione uma das seguintes:

introspective and abstract thinking
logical, concrete, and nonabstract thinking
symbolic, intuitive thinking
symbolic, intuitive, and egocentric thinking

Explicação

Questão 42 de 95

1

A 5-year-old child suggests that John, who is 6 feet tall, must be older than his Aunt Mary, who is only 5 feet tall. This approach of interpreting age based solely on the height of an individual can be attributed to this child’s

Selecione uma das seguintes:

seeing events as specific states and ignoring transformations
egocentricity
inability to deal with a superordinate and subordinate concept simultaneously
perceptual centration

Explicação

Questão 43 de 95

1

Match the following concepts with their definitions.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

representational insight

conservation

hypothetico-deductive reasoning

animism

horizontal décalage

Explicação

Questão 44 de 95

1

Vygotsky discussed four perspectives of development that should be considered in any theory of intellectual development. Which one of the following is not one of the perspectives proposed by Vygotsky?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

microgenetic development
phylogenetic development
sociocultural development
prenatal development

Explicação

Questão 45 de 95

1

Five-year-old Erin sits on the floor with her mother as they play a board game. Erin rolls a 2 and a 3 on the dice. She picks up her game piece, a small toy dog, moving it along the board as she says, “I move my doggie one, two . . . then I move my doggie one, two, three.” Erin’s behaviour reflects

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Piaget’s perspective, that private speech reflects the child’s egocentricity of thought and represents the child’s unsuccessful attempt at social speech
Piaget’s perspective, that private speech is a necessary precursor to social speech in that it serves as preparation (practice) for successful social communication
Vygotsky’s perspective, that private speech serves as a cognitive self-guidance system for young children
both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s perspectives, that private speech is presymbolic and serves only to initiate or inhibit overt motor actions and has no influence on cognition

Explicação

Questão 46 de 95

1

Match the following concepts with their definitions.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

zone of proximal development

ontogenetic development

guided participation

microgenetic development

scaffolding

tools of intellectual adaption

Explicação

Questão 47 de 95

1

A researcher reports that boys show more physical aggression than girls in free play. She is able to demonstrate consistency of results across time, situations, and observers. Therefore, her findings are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

reliable
valid
proven
all of the above

Explicação

Questão 48 de 95

1

A researcher uses looking preferences to assess categorisation abilities of babies who cannot yet speak. She is able to demonstrate that the measure she uses accurately reflects the variables that are under study. Therefore, her findings are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

reliable
valid
proven
all of the above

Explicação

Questão 49 de 95

1

A researcher measures children’s language development by administering questionnaires to parents. Possible problems?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Parental questionnaires are never valid
Parental answers are seldom reliable
Parental answers are not suitable for assessment of children's verbal behaviour.
May be inferior to measuring the behaviour directly
All of the above

Explicação

Questão 50 de 95

1

A researcher measures children’s cognitive development by asking questions about a hypothetical situation. Possible problems?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Children may know something but be unable to explain it.
Different children may get different prompts, depending on their previous answers.
Experimenter may be biased in interpreting the answers.
May be interior to measuring the behaviour directly.
All of the above.

Explicação

Questão 51 de 95

1

A researcher measures play behaviour of a few children over a long period of time, in daily structured play sessions. Possible problems?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Children will get bored with this and underperform.
Results will be insufficient to draw valid conclusions.
Results may not generalise to other children.
All of the above.

Explicação

Questão 52 de 95

1

Say that we found that watching a lot of violence on TV is correlated with disruptive behaviours in children. What conclusions can be drawn from this?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

TV violence may cause disruptive behaviour
Parents of disruptive children allow them to watch more TV programmes.
All of the above could be true.
None of the above.

Explicação

Questão 53 de 95

1

A researcher reported that 3-year-old children have longer attention span than 2-year-old children, as they remembered more pictures shown in a test. She used a cross-sectional design, and tested 25 children in each group.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Data are not valid or reliable.
Data are not generalisible
Data cannot tell us about the development of individual children.
All of the above.
None of the above.

Explicação

Questão 54 de 95

1

Recommended for women in general: up to 14-21 units / week, so up to 2-3 units per day is OK. How much is it safe to drink in pregnancy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

No drinking at all
One unit per day
Two units per day
Three units per day

Explicação

Questão 55 de 95

1

Birth experience for babies is...

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Not very stressful at all
Quite stressful
Very stressful
Torturous

Explicação

Questão 56 de 95

1

For parents, especially the mother, is there a sensitive period for emotional bonding in first 6-12 hours after birth?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Yes - this is crucial for the full acceptance of a new baby.
No, there is no such thing as a sensitive period.
It may be helpful but it is not necessary.
It may be helpful not to see the baby immediately, until mother is properly rested and hormones return to normal.

Explicação

Questão 57 de 95

1

You show preschool children Manyard the Cat. Then, in front of them, you place a dog mask on the cat’s face. You ask the children, does he bark or meow? They will say

Selecione uma das seguintes:

meow
bark
can do either as he chooses
neither

Explicação

Questão 58 de 95

1

Genetic epistemology, Piaget's academic specialty, could be defined as the study of the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

child's social relations with others such as peers.
inheritance of developmental disability.
inheritance of behavioural habits.
development of knowledge.

Explicação

Questão 59 de 95

1

In Piaget's theory, balance between the child's thoughts and the environment is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Secondary circular reaction.
Phylogenetic scaffolding.
Early constructivism.
Cognitive equilibrium.

Explicação

Questão 60 de 95

1

Object permanence refers to the understanding that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

durable todays are preferred over those that break soon.
existence continues even when something is out of sight.
inanimate objects have the ability to "hide" actively.
lost objects will always be located later.

Explicação

Questão 61 de 95

1

Three-year-old Bethan gets scared when her mum dresses up in a dinosaur costume on Halloween. This child shows:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a phylogenetic development.
assimilation and accommodation.
lack of object (person) permanence.
misunderstanding of the appearance/reality distinction.

Explicação

Questão 62 de 95

1

Suppose we asked children to make drawings of all the life forms that might occur on another planet. According to Piaget, the novelest, creative ideas of life forms are likely to come from children at the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
preoperational stage of cognitive development.
concrete-operational stage of development.
formal-operational stage of development.

Explicação

Questão 63 de 95

1

Roxanne is 4 ½ years old. She often talks out loud even when other people are not listening. This habit is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

unusual for boys but common for girls.
unusual for girls but common for boys.
fairly common in all children of her age but of no significance for her cognitive development.
fairly common in all children her age and helpful to her cognitive development.

Explicação

Questão 64 de 95

1

Which statement is LEAST applicable to Vygotsky's theory?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Cooperative interactions with skilled tutors are helpful.
Variations in cultural influences are acknowledged.
Developmental universals are sought and identified.
Scaffolding assists the child with difficult tasks.

Explicação

Questão 65 de 95

1

In the mirror self-recognition test, the parent covertly places a red spot on 1-year-old Gareth’s face. The child is then presented with a mirror. What is he most likely to do?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Deliberately ignore the red spot.
Stare at the red spot.
Touch their nose / wipe the red spot.
Interact with the mirror (kissing or touching it)

Explicação

Questão 66 de 95

1

When do children start learning their native language?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

about 12 months old
about 6 months old
soon after birth
before they are born

Explicação

Questão 67 de 95

1

Some language developmental researchers claim that 8-month old infants can out-perform older children on certain language tasks. Why?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

They are attention-, funds- and fame-seeking scientists
They are simply mistaken - other researchers disagree
There are large individual differences in development, some infants can be so advanced that they outperform average pre-schoolers
This is actually true for all children in some aspects of comprehension.

Explicação

Questão 68 de 95

1

Which type of parenting produces the happiest, best-adjusted children?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Authoritative (high demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
Authoritarian (high demandingness/control and low acceptance/responsiveness)
Permissive (low demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
Uninvolved (low demandingness/control) and low acceptance/responsiveness)

Explicação

Questão 69 de 95

1

Jo has bad temper which often leads to crying and shouting. Jo’s mum tries to avoid public embarrassment by giving in to Jo’s demands when they are out. This makes it more likely that this situation will happen again. This fits with a

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Parent effects model.
Child effects model.
Transactional model.
Universal model.

Explicação

Questão 70 de 95

1

Girls are more likely than boys to show which kind of aggression?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Hostile.
Instrumental.
Relational.
Bullying.

Explicação

Questão 71 de 95

1

A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

That informed consent is not necessary.
Its ability to discern amongst cohorts.
That it follows development of individuals.
That it protects from selective attrition.

Explicação

Questão 72 de 95

1

Which of these is NOT among the five measurements that make up the APGAR test for neonates?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Muscle tone.
Heart rate.
Reflex irritability.
Attention span.

Explicação

Questão 73 de 95

1

In recent decades, the age of viability has advanced earlier in the period of the fetus because of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The increasing rate of single parenthood.
The perfusion of toxic chemicals in food and water.
Better maternal nutrition.
Advances in medical technology.

Explicação

Questão 74 de 95

1

Reasoning by verbal analogy: MATERNITY BLUES are to POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION as is to .

Selecione uma das seguintes:

PRIMATE / HUMAN
POSITIVE / NEGATIVE
FATHER / MOTHER
MILD / INTENSE

Explicação

Questão 75 de 95

1

When adults interpret emotions displayed by babies in their first months of life, they

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Are unreliable and inaccurate.
Do better with negative emotions than with positive.
Do better with positive emotions than with negative.
Are highly accurate regardless of the type of emotions.

Explicação

Questão 76 de 95

1

"Social referencing" refers to the child's ability to

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Categorise people or animals as good or bad.
Use the reactions of others to interpret an ambiguous stimulus or situation.
Hide one's own true inner feelings.
Understand that others' feelings differ from your own.

Explicação

Questão 77 de 95

1

Which of these is NOT among the several methods for studying infants’ sensation / perception?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Habituation / dishabituation.
High-amplitude sucking.
Deferred imitation.
Evoked potentials.

Explicação

Questão 78 de 95

1

Sandra’s mum has no time to look into a mirror. Which flaws is 6-month-old Sandra LEAST likely to notice?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Very smudged eye shadow.
A big bruise on mum's nose.
A piece of pasta hanging off mum's chin.
A crow's nest in mum's hair.

Explicação

Questão 79 de 95

1

As little Benny masters object permanence, which behaviour represents the most advanced understanding?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Passively waiting for an object to reappear.
Anticipating invisible displacements.
Making an A-not-B error.
Looking at another toy as the first one disappears from view.

Explicação

Questão 80 de 95

1

Ceri’s dad is upset and cries. Ceri gives her teddy to dad to hold, and tells dad he will feel better if he hugs that teddy. According to Piaget, Ceri is showing

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Egocentrism.
Decentered emotionality.
Sympathetic empathic concern.
Animism.

Explicação

Questão 81 de 95

1

Reasoning by verbal analogy, Piaget’s view is to Vygotsky’s view as is to

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Egocentrism / other's viewpoint.
Adolescence / childhood.
Flexibility / rigidity.
Solitary / social.

Explicação

Questão 82 de 95

1

For Vygotsky, private speech is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Meaningless babbling.
Entirely silent and cannot be heard by others.
Passive reporting on thoughts after they have happened.
Self-talk that helps children to plan their thoughts.

Explicação

Questão 83 de 95

1

A basic definition of imitation is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Doing an action after seeing it done.
Repeating an action after getting reinforcement.
Varying a response to achieve reinforcement.
Repeating an action.

Explicação

Questão 84 de 95

1

Generalised imitation, a higher-order skill investigated by researchers in Bangor and other behaviour analysts, denotes an

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Ability to copy actions.
Ability to copy a variety of actions.
Ability to copy a variety of novel actions.
Ability to copy a variety of novel actions without external reinforcement.

Explicação

Questão 85 de 95

1

A toddler is able to name many objects and events. He hears a familiar word /cat/. This makes him

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Look to find a cat.
Try to pet the cat.
Do neither 1 or 2 but may echo the word 'cat'.
Do both 1 and 2 - and he may echo the word 'cat'.

Explicação

Questão 86 de 95

1

The set of emotions that are closely tied to cognitive development, particularly self-recognition and an understanding of social norms is

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Interest, distress, disgust, and contentment.
Anger, surprise, fear, and sadness.
Embarrassment, shame, guilt, and pride.
Joy, happiness, frustration, and boredom.

Explicação

Questão 87 de 95

1

Belinda is 8 months old. She turns away and starts crying when a stranger approaches her pram in the supermarket. This reaction would

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Be unusual in a child at that age.
Be evidence that Belinda was insecurely attached.
Be considered a typical response to a stranger for a child of that age (but not necessarily a universal response).
Simply indicate that Belinda is tired or hungry.

Explicação

Questão 88 de 95

1

Emotional attachments between parent and child

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Are the result of cultural effects of parenting in the Western countries.
Slowly rise from social interactions in the first months.
Emerge suddenly at birth, to the strongest level.
Result from both persons' shared genetic relationship.

Explicação

Questão 89 de 95

1

Mary Ainsworth's (1978) "Strange Situation”

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Identifies the child's level of visual imagination.
Provides training for the transition into foster care.
Measures the child's interest in novel unfamiliar items.
Assesses the child's attachment style.

Explicação

Questão 90 de 95

1

The two common fears of infancy, separation anxiety and stranger anxiety, reflect the baby's preference for

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Easy temperament.
Familiarity.
Social referencing.
Learned helplessness.

Explicação

Questão 91 de 95

1

Training to improve the sensitivity of parents to their child’s needs

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Is doomed to fail because caregiving is genetically predetermined.
Works and promotes secure attachment.
Is directed mainly to upper parents.
Yields temporary gains that are lost within weeks.

Explicação

Questão 92 de 95

1

Sam, age five, turns away from the TV that shows a report of an earthquake, where people are hurt. Sam is likely to be feeling

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Self-oriented distress.
Sympathetic empathetic arousal.
A hostile attribution bias.
Learned helplessness.

Explicação

Questão 93 de 95

1

Finnish school-based KiVa programme does NOT contain

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An online game training emotion recognition.
Classroom activities that teach children to be helpful bystanders.
Psychological counselling to make bullied children less vulnerable.
Parental educational materials.

Explicação

Questão 94 de 95

1

	Criado por Benjamin Maier aproximadamente 7 anos atrás

Quiz sobre Developmental Quiz, criado por Benjamin Maier em 15-05-2017.

Developmental Quiz

Questão 1 de 95

Before learning about Piaget's theory, you understood the terms "assimilation" and "accommodation" as they are used in conversation. After learning about Piaget's theory, you understood these terms as processes of intellectual development. This new understanding is most specifically known as

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Explicação

Questão 2 de 95

A most basic assumption of Piaget's theory is that children progress through developmental stages _________ .

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Explicação

Questão 3 de 95

Developmental research has confirmed the basic sequence of development that Piaget proposed for the sensorimotor period, but some of the milestones are reached earlier than he proposed, including all of the following except

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Explicação

Questão 4 de 95

Which of the following competencies is acquired in Piaget's preoperational stage?

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Explicação

Questão 5 de 95

Piaget notes that children's cognitive competencies were often uneven, with children being unable to solve certain problems even though they could solve similar problems requiring the same mental operations. He referred to this phenomenon as

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Explicação

Questão 6 de 95

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Explicação

Questão 7 de 95

Developmental psychologists critisise Piaget's cognitive developmental theory for all of the following reasons except

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Explicação

Questão 8 de 95

Vygotsky proposed that we should evaluate development from the perspective of four interrelated levels in interaction with children's environments. These four levels include all of the following except

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Explicação

Questão 9 de 95

Text messaging to communicate using cell phones is so common in today's generation of teenagers and young adults that it has become what Vygotsky would call a

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Explicação

Questão 10 de 95

________ argued that children's self-talk was a form of egocentric speech. ________ argued that children's self-talk was a cognitive self-guidance system that regulates problem-solving activities.

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Explicação

Questão 11 de 95

Which of the following emotions is not present at birth?

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Explicação

Questão 12 de 95

Children must achieve the cognitive abilities of self-recognition and self-evaluation in order to experience which of the following emotions?

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Explicação

Questão 13 de 95

Each culture has _______ that specify for children of each gender the appropriate intensity of emotion and the appropriate valence (positive or negative) of emotion that is acceptable in that culture.

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Explicação

Questão 14 de 95

A person's tendency to respond in predictable ways to environmental events is known as

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Explicação

Questão 15 de 95

When there is a poor goodness-of-fit between parenting behaviours and temperamental attributes, ________ children may experience adjustment problems.

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Explicação

Questão 16 de 95

After the _________, infants use their attachment object as a secure base for exploration.

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Explicação

Questão 17 de 95

Which theory of attachment is currently considered the predominately accepted theory by developmental psychologists?

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Explicação

Questão 18 de 95

Which developmental milestone is generally thought to be necessary before an infant will display separation anxiety?

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Explicação

Questão 19 de 95

Jamal is a 1-year-old toddler who is being tested in a university laboratory. He is guided through a series of episodes during which his mother and a stranger come and go from the room in which he is playing. Jamal is most likely being tested using the

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Explicação

Questão 20 de 95

Infants may form ________ of themselves and of others, which are somewhat stable over time and influence their reactions to people and challenges for years to come.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

argued that children's self-talk was a form of egocentric speech. argued that children's self-talk was a cognitive self-guidance system that regulates problem-solving activities.