Important vocabulary to know for Chemistry Regents.
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Criado por Anya Martinez
aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
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Fechar
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Criado por Anya Martinez
aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
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The process in which you seperate a mixture of liquids by heating it up.
The lowest energy state possible for an electron
A force that exists between two different molecules. Examples are hydrogen bonding (which is strong), dipole-dipole forces (Which is kind of weak)
The solid that gets dissolved into a solution
The liquid that dissolves the solid in a solution
Anything that gives off H+ ions in water, have a pH less than 7 and are good at dissolving metals
When the cations (positive ions) of two ionic compounds switch places
The time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay
A bond formed when oppositely charged particles stick together
The standard counting amount in Chemistry
A property which can be determined without c hangin something chemically
273 K (0 degrees celsius) and 101.3 kPa
A law in chemistry that states that if two gases under the same conditions of temperature, pressure, and volume, they got the same number of particles (Mostly applied to Ideal Gases)
Concentration
The mininmum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place
An ionic compound that dissociates in water to conduct electricity
The elements in group 17, VERY reactive (trying to reach 8 electrons badly)
The amount of energy required to pull an electron off a neutral, gaseous atom
A compound held together by covalent bonds
A covalent bond where elctrons are not shared evenly between the two atoms in the bond (because the electronegativity values of the two atoms aren't the same)
When a solid changes directly into a gas
A negatively charged radioactive particle equivalent to an electron
When a vapor reforms into a liquid
A mixture of two metals
When a process absorbs energy from it's surrondings
The kinectic energy of the particles in a system
When an element has more than one possibility for the number of neutrons
The result of an acid with a base to form water and an ionic salt
A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms
Name for something contains more than one atom
When you make a bigger molecule from two or more smaller ones
A compound containg two elements
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share two electrons
Group 1 on the periodic table
Group 2 on the periodic table
A measurement of the energycontent of a system
A measurement of the randomness in a system
A mixture where the substances aren't equally distributed
A mixture that is very consistent because everything is mixed up really evenly
A unit used to measure temperature
When many small atoms combine to form a larger one
Any reaction that involves a change in the nucleus of an atom
When the nucleus of an atom breaks into many, smaller parts
When an atom has a nucleus unstable enough that it willl likely fall apart (decay)
When the concentration of an acid or base is determined by neutralizing it
A substance thats speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up by the reaction
When a big molecule breaks apart to make two or more smaller ones
A positively charged radioactive particle equivalent to a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons)
When the foward rate of a chemical reaction is the same as the reverse rate.
The tendency of the hydrogen atom stuck to a highly electronegative atom to become attracted to the lone pair electrons on another electronegative atom.An extremely strong intermolecular force
A law that states the amount of stuff after a chemical reaction takes place is the same as the amount of stuff you started with.
A comound that contains carbon (except carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and carbonates)
A reacttion that is accompanied ny electrons going off one substance (oxidation) and onto another (reduction)
The pressure of a substance that's present above it's liquid
The electrode in which reduction occurs.
When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
An organic molecule derived from an ammonia molecule where one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been has been replaced by organic groups
When a process gives off energy to it's surrondings
The H+ ion, made famous by acids
The OH- ion, made famous by bases
A law that states when you disturb an equilibrium (by adding more chemicals, by heating it up) it will eventually go back into equilibrium under a different set of conditions
The charge on an atom when it's in a compound
A reactionin which the products can turn back into the reactants
A substance with a high vapor pressure (due to low intermolecular forces)
A law that states the volume of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the temperature. As you heat up a gas, the heat increases
When you add more solvent to a soution to make it less concentrated
Where electrons are lost by a substance
A nuclear reaction where a big atom breaks up into smaller ones.
A gas in which the particles are infinitely small, have a kinetic energy directly proportional to the temperature, travel in random straight lines, and don't attract or repel each other
A measurement of matter in an object
The pressure of one gas in a mixture
An ionic compound
Properties that can only be described by making a chemical change
High energy radiation given off during a nuclear process
When two substances don't dissolve in each other to any large degree
A unit of concentration equal to moles of solute divided by liters of solution.
A law that states the properties of elements change with increasing
When one unbonded element replaces another element that's already bonded in a compound
A compound that turns different colors at different pH values.
A measurement of how much of a solute can dissolve in a liquid
When something doesn't dissolve in solution to any large degree
