3 meninges (in Humans)

Cerebrospinal Fluid

(in mammals) CNS includes:

(in mammals) PNS includes:

afferent

efferent

Cerebral Cortex features

Spinal Nerves

Dorsal Roots

Dorsal Root Ganglia

Ventral Roots

Congregations of neural cell bodies

Nuclei

Nissl Stain

White Matter

Grey Matter

"The Neuron Doctrine"

Glial Cells

Glial Cell Functions

Soma

Dendrite

Myelin

Direction of information flow along neuron bodies

Conductance

How mV is measured:

Concentration Differences

Electrical potential difference

Ion Pumps

Concentration of Na+

Concentration of K+

At "rest" the membrane is permeable to this ion

Resting Membrane Potential

Voltage Gated Channels

Graded potentials

Action Potential

Threshold Potential

Absolute Refractory period

Relative Refractory period

hyper-polarization

Direction of travel of Action Potential

Unmyelinated Axons

Types of glial cells that provide myelination for axons

Nodes of Ranvier

Myelin is composed of this

Saltatory Conduction

Synapses

Electrical Synapses

Chemical synapses

Activation of Chemical Synapses (step by step)

Neurotransmitters

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Nicotine

Muscarine

Atropine

GABA-A receptor

D1 receptors

mAChRs

Photoreceptors

Rods

Cones

Rhodopsin

Vitreous Humour

Bipolar cells

Retinal Ganglion Cells

Optic Nerve

fovea

Optic Chiasm