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Cardiovascular and Renal Medications

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Pharmacology Quiz sobre Cardiovascular and Renal Medications , criado por Amanda Burton em 20-09-2017.
Amanda Burton
Quiz por Amanda Burton, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Amanda Burton
Criado por Amanda Burton aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Which type of medication is indicated for a patient with hypertension?
Responda
  • Antidysrythmic
  • Peripheral vasodilator
  • Vasoconstrictor
  • Cardiotonic

Questão 2

Questão
Nitroglycerin is the drug of choice for patients who have:
Responda
  • angina pectoris
  • thrombus formation
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hypotension

Questão 3

Questão
Which statement is correct regarding the administration of topical nitroglycerin ointment?
Responda
  • The ointment should be spread over the anterior chest wall
  • The ointment should be applied specifically for episodes of acute angina.
  • The old ointment should be removed before the new ointment is applied.
  • The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin and the area then covered with plastic wrap.

Questão 4

Questão
Which of the following drugs is used to treat premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)?
Responda
  • Digoxin
  • Apresoline
  • Lidocaine
  • Nitroglycerin

Questão 5

Questão
Which of the following is an undesirable effect of antidysrhythmic medications?
Responda
  • Bradycardia
  • Normal sinus rhythm
  • Improved cardiac output
  • Decreased angina

Questão 6

Questão
Which antihyperlipidemic agent is taken once daily in the evening?
Responda
  • Chloestyramine resin (Questran)
  • Niacin (Niacor)
  • Simvastatin (Zocor)
  • Gemfibrozil (Lopid)

Questão 7

Questão
Cardiotonic medications act by:
Responda
  • Directly stimulating the myocardium
  • Preventing blood coagulation
  • helping in thrombus formation
  • dilating arteriole walls

Questão 8

Questão
Your patient questions why he is on digoxin immune Fab for the treatment of digitoxin toxicity. You respond by telling him the medication:
Responda
  • works faster than digoxin
  • is safer than digoxin and can be taken orally
  • helps to convert the fibrillating atria to a regular rhythm
  • will help lower his blood levels of digoxin

Questão 9

Questão
The negative chronotropic side effect in patients receiving digoxin is evidenced by:
Responda
  • increased heart rate
  • decreased conduction
  • decreased heart rate
  • increased ectopic beats

Questão 10

Questão
When thiazide and loop diuretics are administered, the patient should be monitored for:
Responda
  • high sodium levels
  • high potassium levels
  • low sodium levels
  • low potassium levels

Questão 11

Questão
You are visiting an 80 yr old patient in her home. She is receiving 0.125mg of oral digoxin daily. She also takes HCTZ 50mg bid. She complains of blurred vision and nausea. You observe that she is confused and disoriented at times. Which of the following might be the problem?
Responda
  • The patient needs to have her HCTZ increased
  • The patient may have digitalis toxicity
  • The patient may have developed chronic heart failure
  • The patient may have Alzheimer disease

Questão 12

Questão
The physician tells you that a patient is hypokalemic. He has been taking thiazide medication for treatment of his high blood pressure. You will instruct him to increase his dietary intake of which of the following?
Responda
  • Green and leafy vegetables
  • Sodium
  • Bananas and citrus fruit
  • Low-fat products

Questão 13

Questão
A patient is admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of CHF. Which of the following medications may be ordered to treat CHF?
Responda
  • Digoxin
  • Propranolol
  • Procainamide
  • Isoxsuprine

Questão 14

Questão
Which of the following is a nursing consideration for a patient with a UTI taking phenazopyridine?
Responda
  • It may take 2 to 4 weeks before a response is seen.
  • Phenazopyridine should be taken with a glass of milk or an antacid.
  • Urine may turn orange or red.
  • The patient will need to take a potassium supplement while on phenazopyridine therapy.

Questão 15

Questão
Which of the following is an adverse effect of quinidine?
Responda
  • Tinnitus
  • Constipation
  • Tremors
  • Hypotension

Questão 16

Questão
Which of the following is a nitrite compound that s used therapeutically to abort acute attacks of angina pectoris?
Responda
  • Quinidine sulfate
  • Nitroglycerin
  • Digoxin
  • Minoxidil

Questão 17

Questão
A patient is scheduled to leave the hospital tomorrow. He has been instructed to take nitroglycerin sublingually if angina is experienced. Which of the following instructions concerning dosage would he be given?
Responda
  • During an acute attack of angina, he may repeat the dose after 5 to 10 minutes if the pain is not relieved.
  • He should never repeat a dose but should notify the physician if the pain is not relieved.
  • If pain is not relieved within 3 to 5 minutes after taking a dose, he should repeat it. He may do this for three doses. If he pain is not relieved, he should chew aspirin and go immediately to an ER to be evaluated for an acute MI.
  • He can take as many tablets as necessary until relief occurs.

Questão 18

Questão
Because they act to relax the walls of blood vessels and decrease blood pressure, vasodilators play an important role in the treatment of all EXCEPT which of the following?
Responda
  • Prevention and treatment of angina due to coronary artery disease
  • Peripheral vascular disease
  • Hypertension
  • Dysrhythmias

Questão 19

Questão
A patient taking a potassium-sparing diuretic should be monitored for which side effect?
Responda
  • Gynecomastia
  • Alopecia
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperglycemia

Questão 20

Questão
A patient is being evaluated for treatment with HCTZ. Which laboratory value warrants notification to the prescriber?
Responda
  • Urine specific gravity of less than 1.0028
  • Serum WBC count greater than 4000
  • Potassium below 3 mEq/L
  • Serum creatinine of 1 mg

Questão 21

Questão
Which question is relevant in evaluating a patient who is taking bumetanide in combination with gentamicin?
Responda
  • "What is the date today?"
  • "How many fingers do you see?"
  • "Can you hear this whisper?"
  • "Can you touch your index finger to your nose?"

Questão 22

Questão
Which statements best demonstrate a patient's understanding of treatment with tolterodine?
Responda
  • "i need to decrease my fluid intake while I am on this medication."
  • "My husband is going to drive until I see how this drug will affect me."
  • "I will change the patch every day."
  • "I will call the doctor if I get a rash where the patch has been."
  • "This drug will help stop the sudden need to go that I've been having."

Questão 23

Questão
A patient is taking 20 mg of metolazone by mouth daily to reduce edema. Before discharge the patient will be taught which instructions? (Check all that apply)
Responda
  • Slowly change positions from lying to sitting and sitting to standing
  • Limit fluid intake to one liter per day.
  • Increase saliva production can be managed by reducing water intake.
  • Wear sunscreen and appropriate clothing to avoid sunburn.
  • Use caution in tasks that require mental activity and muscle strength

Questão 24

Questão
What will the nurse tell the patient who is taking HCTZ and K+ when nausea develops?
Responda
  • "Hold the K+ until the nausea is over."
  • "Take the K+ even though you are nauseated to avoid heart problems."
  • "Decrease the amount of potassium to every other day until you feel better."
  • "Decrease he amount of diuretic and the amount of K+ by one half for one day."

Questão 25

Questão
An older adult is taking furosemide (Lasix). Which special precautions are necessary for this patient? (Check all that apply)
Responda
  • Report new onset of muscle weakness to the prescriber.
  • Elevated K+ levels may result from this medication.
  • Instruct the patient to sit on the side of the bed before standing up.
  • Hearing loss and tinnitus can be associated with the use of furosemide.
  • Older adults are less sensitive to the effects of furosemide.

Questão 26

Questão
A patient taking a drug for benign prostatic hypertrophy is having cataract surgery. Which adverse effect could occur during surgery?
Responda
  • The pupil can dilate excessively.
  • The iris can collapse towards the surgical site.
  • The pupil can constrict excessively.
  • The tear ducts can have diminished functioning.

Questão 27

Questão
Before taking medication for benign prostatic hypertrophy, it is most crucial for the patient to undergo assessment for which condition?
Responda
  • Prostate enlargement
  • Gynecomastia
  • Prostate cancer
  • Erectile dysfunction

Questão 28

Questão
A nurse who is pregnant should not handle crushed tablets of dutasteride because of which concern?
Responda
  • Dutasteride could induce premature labor.
  • Dustasteride can cause pregnancy induced hypertension
  • The crushed dutasteride tablets release a nauseating odor.
  • Dutasteride can cause both defects in male fetuses.

Questão 29

Questão
These are powerful drugs used to create more regular heart rhythms and there may be many adverse reaction from some of these medications
Responda
  • Antidysrhythmics
  • Antihyperlipidemic
  • Diuretics
  • Antianginal

Questão 30

Questão
These are vasodilators and so have a direct action on vascular smooth muscle and cause it to relax.
Responda
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Atropine
  • Nitrates
  • Prazosin

Questão 31

Questão
Calcium is an electrolyte that helps move electrical impulses through:
Responda
  • cell membranes
  • Cardiac tissue
  • peripheral tissue
  • external carotid artery

Questão 32

Questão
Rapid acting nitrate such as amyl nitrate, sublingual nitroglycerin, and sublingual or chewable isosorbide dinitrate are used mostly to relieve pain in what:
Responda
  • anginal attacks
  • acute angina
  • MI
  • CHF

Questão 33

Questão
There are many common adverse reactions to nitrates (Check all that apply)
Responda
  • Diarrhea
  • Postural hypotension
  • Orthostatics
  • High Blood pressure
  • Fainting
  • Bradycardia
  • Vertigo

Questão 34

Questão
Periphera vasodilating agents may cause what side effects (Check all that apply)
Responda
  • Hypertension
  • Hypotension
  • Vertigo
  • Headache
  • Light-headedness

Questão 35

Questão
Dysrhythmic medications are classified by the stage at which they affect the cellular action potential: These drugs are sodium channel blockers, they lengthen the effective refractory period of atrial and ventricular myocardium by slowing the fast inward current caused by the sodium electrolyte.
Responda
  • Class 1 drugs
  • Class 2 drugs
  • Class 3 drugs
  • Class 4 drugs

Questão 36

Questão
Dysrhythmic medications are classified by the stage at which they affect the cellular action potential: These are beta blockers, such as propranolol, esmolol, and acebutolol, which reduce sympathetic excitation to the heart, these drugs slow the heartbeat but help the heart beat stronger.
Responda
  • Class 1 drugs
  • Class 2 drugs
  • Class 3 drugs
  • Class 4 drugs

Questão 37

Questão
Dysrhythmic medications are classified by the stage at which they affect the cellular action potential: These are potassium channel blockers that lengthen he action potential duration, or the length of time it takes for one cell to fire and recover. These drugs also slow the heartbeat and may make it less sensitive to dysrhythmias.
Responda
  • Class 1 drugs
  • Class 2 drugs
  • Class 3 drugs
  • Class 4 drugs

Questão 38

Questão
Dysrhythmic medications are classified by the stage at which they affect the cellular action potential: These drugs are calcium channel blockers that selectively bloc the ability of calcium to enter the myocardium and prolong the effective refractory period in the AV node
Responda
  • Class 1 Drugs
  • Class 2 drugs
  • Class 3 drugs
  • Class 4 drugs

Questão 39

Questão
What powerful drug slows the conduction through the AV node and decreases how rapidly the SA node will fire.
Responda
  • Adenosine
  • Digoxin
  • Quinidine
  • Lidocaine

Questão 40

Questão
The MAIN limit to the use of niacin is its adverse effect of what
Responda
  • Liver damage
  • Gout
  • Flushing
  • Constipation

Questão 41

Questão
What medications are often taken in the evening since the body makes higher amounts of cholesterol at night?
Responda
  • Stains
  • Beta blockers olol
  • Prils
  • Diuretics

Questão 42

Questão
The patients should take any other medications 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after taking what type of med?
Responda
  • Antidysrhythmics
  • Antihyperlipidemics
  • Antihypertensives
  • Cardiotonics

Questão 43

Questão
The first action of these drugs is to increase the strength of each heartbeat or he force of the contraction so this effect of this drug is called a positive inotropic action.
Responda
  • Cardiotonics
  • Antihypertensive
  • Antianginals
  • Antidysrhythmics

Questão 44

Questão
The second action of Cardiotonic drugs is
Responda
  • Slow the heartbeat
  • increase strength of heartbeat
  • Reduce edema
  • absorb calcium

Questão 45

Questão
When a patient begins to show toxic or harmful reactions from too much digoxin what develops?
Responda
  • Digitalis toxicity
  • bradycardia
  • AV node block
  • excessive fatigue
  • confusion
  • yellow-green vision
  • nausea and vomiting

Questão 46

Questão
What are the levels of Digoxin?
Responda
  • 0.5-2
  • 7.35-7.45
  • 3.5-5.0
  • 22-26

Questão 47

Questão
You take the apical pulse to give Digoxin what would be an OK pulse rate to administer the med? (Check all that apply)
Responda
  • 59
  • 60
  • 42
  • 80
  • 120

Questão 48

Questão
How long do you take an apical pulse ?
Responda
  • 1 minute
  • 30 seconds and times by two
  • 45 seconds
  • 15 seconds and times by 4

Questão 49

Questão
Diuretics are classed into four related groups (check all that apply)
Responda
  • Thiazides
  • Loop
  • Milrione
  • Niacin
  • Thiazide like sulfonamides
  • Potassium sparing

Questão 50

Questão
Thiazides and sulfonamides diuretics are the most commonly used class of diuretics and they have similar actions what are some of those actions: (check all that apply)
Responda
  • They prevent the reabsortion of sodium and chloride
  • They promote the reabsortion of sodium and chloride
  • They lead to the loss of large amounts of potassium
  • They lead to retention of potassium
  • They prevent the reabsorption of calcium
  • They promote reabsorption of calcium

Questão 51

Questão
What do all ACE inhibitors in with
Responda
  • olol
  • pril
  • sartans
  • statin

Questão 52

Questão
When is PRILs not given to a patient?
Responda
  • To a pregnant women
  • To an elderly post operative patient
  • A 35 year old athlete
  • Post CABG patient

Questão 53

Questão
To increase volume what is released from the kidneys
Responda
  • Renin
  • Estrogen
  • Progestrone
  • Melatonin

Questão 54

Questão
What type medication would you use to stop the progression of the converting enzyme during the renin-angiotensin system from Angiotension1 to Angiiotension 2
Responda
  • Potassium sparing diuretic
  • Beta blockers
  • Ace inhibitors
  • Loop diuretics

Questão 55

Questão
Adrenergic inhibitors use what sympathetic nervous system.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 56

Questão
Angiotension 2 doesn't have any effect on your volume or blood pressure?
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 57

Questão
Angiotension 2 tells the adrenal gland to stimulate release of aldosterone.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 58

Questão
What is the most common drug used for urinary incontinence?
Responda
  • Ditropan
  • Flomax
  • Propranolol
  • Spironolactone

Questão 59

Questão
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is a noncancerous growth of the prostate gland frequently seen as men age; if this gland becomes larger enough, it can cause problems in urination because the prostate puts pressure on the bladder and urinary sphinter. what medication s an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker used only for the treatment of symptoms of BPH.
Responda
  • Ditropan
  • Propranolol
  • Flomax
  • Furosemide

Questão 60

Questão
The nurse is due to administer a dose of cardiotonic drug. The highest priority nursing intervention before administration should be:
Responda
  • count the radial pulse for 60 seconds
  • assess the respiratory rate
  • count the apical pulse 60 seconds
  • assess the temperature

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