Chapter 12 Territorial and Economic Expansion (1830-1860)

Who created manifest destiny?

[blank_start]Expansionists[blank_end] wanted to see the United States extend [blank_start]westward[blank_end] (direction) to the [blank_start]Pacific[blank_end] (location) and [blank_start]southward[blank_end] (direction) into [blank_start]Mexico[blank_end], [blank_start]Cuba[blank_end], and [blank_start]Central America[blank_end] (locations).

Enthusiasm for expansion reached a high in the 1840's and had been driven by 1. [blank_start]nationalism[blank_end], 2. [blank_start]rapid economic development[blank_end], 3. [blank_start]population increase[blank_end], 4. [blank_start]technological advances[blank_end], and 5. [blank_start]reform ideals[blank_end].

Why were Northerners skeptical of Expansionists?

[blank_start]Stephen Austin[blank_end] brought 300 families into Texas and began a steady immigration of Americans into Texas.

Why did friction develop between Mexico and Americans?

[blank_start]Sam Houston[blank_end] revolted when [blank_start]Santa Anna[blank_end] attempted to enforce Mexico's laws in [blank_start]Texas[blank_end].

The treaty signed by Santa Anna...

The Battle of San Jacinto river lead to...

Which is true?

The ill-defined boundary between Maine and the [blank_start]Canada[blank_end] (country) province of [blank_start]New Brunswick[blank_end] caused the [blank_start]Aroonstook[blank_end] war. It was resolved by US [blank_start]Secretary of State[blank_end] (position) [blank_start]Daniel Webster[blank_end] (name) and [blank_start]British[blank_end] (nationality) Ambassador [blank_start]Ashburton[blank_end] (name) with the [blank_start]Webster-Ashburton[blank_end] treaty.

The Webster-Ashburton treaty settled territory in

The Oregon territory covered most of the pacific and stopped at Canada.

Why did Britain claim the Oregon territory?

Why did America claim the Oregon territory?

"Oregon Fever' was caused by the success of protestant missionaries and farmers in the region and led to over 5,000 Americans settling south of the Columbia River.

In the election of 1844, Northern Democrat [blank_start]Martin Van Buren[blank_end] and Southern Democrat [blank_start]John C. Calhoun[blank_end] fought for the Democrat nomination, with [blank_start]James K. Polk[blank_end] winning the nomination.

James K. Polk favored the annexation of Texas.

[blank_start]Henry Clay[blank_end], from [blank_start]Kentucky[blank_end], was the Whig nominee in the 1844 election.

Henry Clay's approach to the annexation of Texas issue cost him the election.

The [blank_start]Antislavery Liberty Party[blank_end] formed in New York during the 1844 election.

The result of the 1844 election indicated that the nation did not want to annex Texas.

What was the goal of John Slidell when he went to Mexico?

[blank_start]Northern Whigs[blank_end] opposed going into the Mexican-American war.

The Treaty of [blank_start]Guadalupe Hidalgo[blank_end] (1848) recognized the [blank_start]Rio Grande[blank_end] as the border of Texas and the US took possession of [blank_start]California[blank_end] and [blank_start]New Mexico[blank_end] (known as the [blank_start]Mexican Cession[blank_end]) and paid $15 million and took responsibility for any [blank_start]claims[blank_end] of [blank_start]American citizens[blank_end] against Mexico.

Senate [blank_start]Whigs[blank_end] opposed the treaty because they saw the war as an immoral effort to [blank_start]expand slavery[blank_end]. A few [blank_start]southern democrats[blank_end] opposed the treaty as they wanted to [blank_start]take all of Mexico[blank_end]. The treaty [blank_start]passed[blank_end].

The Wilmot Proviso...

Abraham Lincoln was a vocal critic of the Mexican-American war.

America took about a third of Mexico's land.

The results of the Mexican-American war would lead to the demise of western Indians and the death of millions of birds and animals.

The [blank_start]Ostend Manifesto[blank_end] tried to buy [blank_start]Spain[blank_end] owned [blank_start]Cuba[blank_end] under President [blank_start]Pierce[blank_end]. After failing to buy or invade this country, the President tried secret negotiations with [blank_start]Spain[blank_end], which were leaked to the press and stopped by [blank_start]antislavery[blank_end] members of congress.

The Walker Expedition...

The [blank_start]Clayton-Bulwer[blank_end] treaty prevented either America or [blank_start]Britain[blank_end] from building a [blank_start]canal[blank_end] through Central America.

The issues of union, slavery, civil war, and post war reconstruction did not overshadow manifest destiny.

President [blank_start]Pierce[blank_end] convinced Mexico to sell [blank_start]New Mexico[blank_end] and [blank_start]Arizona[blank_end] to the US for $10 million to be used as a railroad. This is known as the [blank_start]Gadsden Purchase[blank_end].

The Great American Desert was between the Mississippi Valley and the Pacific coast.

[blank_start]Fur traders[blank_end], also known as mountain men, were the [blank_start]earliest nonnatives[blank_end] in the west. They used to hold [blank_start]yearly[blank_end] rendezvous with [blank_start]Native Americans[blank_end] to trade [blank_start]furs[blank_end].

Emigrants with "Oregon Fever" would travel the ________ trails to get to the west.

Traveling to the west was a [blank_start]middle class[blank_end] movement.

The pioneers feared A when they should have really feared B.

[blank_start]Congress Preemption acts[blank_end] of the 1830's and 1840's gave squatters the right to [blank_start]settle on public lands[blank_end] and purchase them for [blank_start]low[blank_end] prices once put up for sale.

Western cities that developed due to railroads, mineral wealth, or farming...

Remarkable economic development did not end in 1857 due to a panic.

The Panic of [blank_start]1857[blank_end] led some [blank_start]southerners[blank_end] to believe that their [blank_start]planation based economy[blank_end] was superior and a continued [blank_start]union[blank_end] with the north was [blank_start]not needed[blank_end].