Semester 1 Study Guide

When determining the water quality in a local pond, which piece of information is NOT considered quantitative?

A student has a wagon of a certain mass. He plans to investigate how the acceleration of the wagon changes as the force he exerts on it increases. In his investigation, the independent variable is—

Duckweed is a plant that grows on the surface of ponds. Duckweed has leaf-like structures called fronds. A student conducts a lab investigation on duckweed growth and creates a graph shown above. ​Which of these is a valid conclusion based on the data from this investigation?

The graph below shows the percent of seeds from two plant species that sprout when grown in water containing different amounts of salt. ​Which of the following best summarizes the effect of saltwater on these plant species?

A student decides to set up an experiment to see if detergent affects the growth of seeds. He sets up 10 seed pots. 5 of the seed pots will receive a small amount of detergent in the soil and will be placed in the sun. The other 5 seed pots will not receive detergent and will be placed in the shade. All 10 seed pots will receive the same amount of water, the same number of seeds, and the same type of seeds. He grows the seeds for two months and charts the growth every 2 days. What is wrong with his experiment?

Kate was conducting an investigation. She placed four buttons of the same size on a large piece of ice. She used a red button, a black button, a green button, and a white button. She placed the ice in direct sunlight for ten minutes, then checked to see which button had sunk deepest into the ice. ​​In order for this to be a controlled investigation, what else should Kate do?

John has three liquid-filled containers. He wants to know if all three contain the same substance. He conducted an experiment by adding powder to each container. The powder produced bubbles in container A, but not in containers B and C. ​What can John infer from the bubbles?

Sarah’s class collected water density samples from the Gulf of Mexico today as an experiment. ​​According to the measurements, which group’s data is most accurate?

Sarah designed an experiment to find out which mouthwash was most effective against some bacteria. She cut out four different circles from a paper towel and soaked each circle in a different mouthwash. She put the circles on a nutrient agar-coated petri dish that was covered with bacteria commonly found in the mouth. She then incubated the plate for 24 hours. The picture below shows the results of the test. ​Which of the following should Sarah do to improve her experiment?

The Hertzprung-Russell diagram below shows how the brightness, surface temperature, and color of stars are related.​ Which of these observations of Barnard’s Star is most likely accurate?

The chart below lists information on four stars within our galaxy in relation to us on Earth. ​​According to this data, which star actually IS the brightest in the list?

Astronomers study a star which is 4.1 light-years away from Earth. ​How long does it take light leaving this star to reach Earth?

Which of the following displays the greatest red shift?

​The image is of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. The Electromagnetic Spectrum is arranged from high to low [blank_start]frequencies[blank_end] and sort to long [blank_start]wavelengths[blank_end].

Chlorophyll is the primary photosynthetic pigment in plants. There are two types: chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. A scientist tests the absorbance of all wavelengths of visible light by these pigments and records the results in this graph. ​​What evidence would help the scientist to explain why most plants are green?

The drawings below represent four different forms of electromagnetic energy. ​Which diagram represents electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength?

What kind of weather can you predict for Kansas City today?

What type of weather should be predicted for New Orleans in the near future?

What type of weather should be predicted for Jacksonville, FL today?

According to the map, which state should expect the lowest temperatures?

Which prediction best describes the hurricane’s movement from Friday to Sunday?

The map shows the predicted range of location of a hurricane over a 3-day period and a 5-day period. What is likely to happen with the hurricane during the 4–5 day track?

According to the diagram, how many hours of sunlight will the South Pole have on Earth B?

The Earth rotates on a [blank_start]23.5[blank_end] degree tilt which allows for seasons.

The following diagram shows a cross-section of Earth. Which letter represents the location of the asthenosphere?

Using the diagram below, what type of plate boundary is shown at B?

In which of the following images are the layer of Earth correctly labeled?

label the following image

Which of the following best describes why the volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean area are clustered around the Ring of Fire?

​At which location would earthquakes be least likely to occur?

Which location in the diagram represents a subduction zone (AKA subducting plate)?

Which location in the diagram represents a convergent plate boundary?

Which location in the diagram represents a divergent plate boundary?

The two maps below show the change in position of South America and Africa over the last 65 million years. Which of the following best describes the process that caused this outcome?

Which of these describes the outcome of the collision between oceanic and continental crust?

Which of the following is most responsible for the formation of new crust at the edge of a tectonic plate?

About 30 miles into Earth, the speed of seismic waves increases. What does this change in speed indicate about the material through which the seismic waves are traveling?

Plant cells use photosynthesis to make food. ​Plants cells also use cellular respiration to get energy from the food they make. ​How is cellular respiration different from photosynthesis?

The diagram below shows a microscope view of a unicellular organism. Four cell structures are labeled. ​ ​Which statement about the labeled structures is correct?