Questão 1
Questão
Select the following which are molecules of life:
Questão 2
Questão
A farmer wants to improve crop yield in his fields by testing the effectiveness of a new pesticide available on the market. Which one of the following is the best control for this experiment?
Responda
-
A higher concentration of new pesticide used on the control field than the experimental field
-
More shade on the control field than on the experimental field
-
A lower concentration of new pesticide used on the control field than on the experimental field
-
More water on the control field than on the experimental field
-
No new pesticide used on the control field; new pesticide used only on the experimental field
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following determines the reactivity of an atom, or likelihood of forming a bond with another atom?
Responda
-
Number of neutrons
-
Number of electrons
-
Number of protons
-
Atomic mass
Questão 4
Questão
Please organize the terms regarding scientific levels of organization from LEAST COMPLEX (1) to MOST COMPLEX (5). Each term will be used only once.
1. [blank_start]Cells[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Tissues[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Organs[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]Organ systems[blank_end]
5. [blank_start]Organism[blank_end]
Responda
-
1. Cells
-
1. Tissues
-
1. Organs
-
1. Organ systems
-
1. Organism
-
2. Tissues
-
2. Cells
-
2. Organs
-
2. Organ systems
-
2. Organism
-
3. Organs
-
3. Cells
-
3. Tissues
-
3. Organ systems
-
3. Organism
-
4. Organ systems
-
4. Cells
-
4. Tissues
-
4. Organs
-
4. Organism
-
5. Organism
-
5. Cells
-
5. Tissues
-
5. Organs
-
5. Organ systems
Questão 5
Questão
The proper sequence of steps involved in the scientific method is: (1) state hypothesis, (2) observe, (3) experiment, (4) support or disprove the hypothesis.
Questão 6
Questão
A student needs information from the National Institutes of Health, a governtment agency. Which one of the following endings should (s)he look for in the Internet address?
Questão 7
Questão
Causation is easier to demonstrate than correlation.
Questão 8
Questão
"Double-blind" experiments are designed so that only subjects do not know if they are receiving the placebo or drug.
Questão 9
Questão
The most biologically important characteristic of lipids is that lipids are hydrophobic.
Questão 10
Questão
On the molecular structure of two bonded water molecules, label the following:
1. The meaning of "H"
2. The meaning of the orange, solid line
3. The meaning of the green, dashed line
4. The meaning of δ+
5. The meaning of δ-
Responda
-
(1) Hydrogen
-
(1) Helium
-
(1) Holmium
-
(1) Hassium
-
(1) Hafnium
-
(4) positive charge
-
(4) negative charge
-
(2) hydrogen bond
-
(2) ionic bond
-
(2) covalent bond
-
(5) positive charge
-
(5) negative charge
-
(3) hydrogen bond
-
(3) ionic bond
-
(3) covalent bond
Questão 11
Questão
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that demonstrates all of the properties of that element.
Questão 12
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each explanation. Each term will be used only ONCE, but NOT ALL TERMS will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] The site of protein production in a cell
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Stack of flattened membranes. Site where cell products are modified and prepared for secretion from the cell
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Large network of membranes where lipids are synthesized
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Organelle that stores the genetic information of the cell
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Extensions of the cell membrane that increase the cell's surface area
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Double-membraned organelle believed to have originated through endosymbiosis
7. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Responsible for supporting the internal and external structure of the cell
Responda
-
(A) Nucleus
-
(A) Mitochondria
-
(A) Cytoplasm
-
(A) Microvilli
-
(A) Cytoskeleton
-
(A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(A) Ribosome
-
(A) Endosymbiont
-
(A) Golgi apparatus
-
(A) Lysosome
-
(B) Nucleus
-
(B) Mitochondria
-
(B) Cytoplasm
-
(B) Microvilli
-
(B) Cytoskelton
-
(B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(B) Ribosome
-
(B) Endosymbiont
-
(B) Golgi apparatus
-
(B) Lysosome
-
(C) Nucleus
-
(C) Mitochondria
-
(C) Cytoplasm
-
(C) Microvilli
-
(C) Cytoskeleton
-
(C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(C) Ribosome
-
(C) Endosymbiont
-
(C) Golgi apparatus
-
(C) Lysosome
-
(D) Nucleus
-
(D) Mitochondria
-
(D) Cytoplasm
-
(D) Microvilli
-
(D) Cytoskeleton
-
(D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(D) Ribosome
-
(D) Endosymbiont
-
(D) Golgi apparatus
-
(D) Lysosome
-
(E) Nucleus
-
(E) Mitochondria
-
(E) Cytoplasm
-
(E) Microvilli
-
(E) Cytoskeleton
-
(E) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(E) Ribosome
-
(E) Endosymbiont
-
(E) Golgi apparatus
-
(E) Lysosome
-
(F) Nucleus
-
(F) Mitochondria
-
(F) Cytoplasm
-
(F) Microvilli
-
(F) Cytoskeleton
-
(F) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(F) Ribosome
-
(F) Endosymbiont
-
(F) Golgi apparatus
-
(F) Lysosome
-
(G) Nucleus
-
(G) Mitochondria
-
(G) Cytoplasm
-
(G) Microvilli
-
(G) Cytoskeleton
-
(G) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-
(G) Ribosome
-
(G) Endosymbiont
-
(G) Golgi apparatus
-
(G) Lysosome
Questão 13
Questão
There are ribosomes located throughout the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Questão 14
Questão
Organize the following types of molecular bonds from weakest (1) to strongest (2).
1. [blank_start]Hydrogen bonds[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Ionic bonds[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Covalent bonds[blank_end]
Responda
-
(1) Hydrogen bonds
-
(1) Ionic bonds
-
(1) Covalent bonds
-
(2) Ionic bonds
-
(2) Hydrogen bonds
-
(2) Covalent bonds
-
(3) Covalent bonds
-
(3) Ionic bonds
-
(3) Hydrogen bonds
Questão 15
Questão
[blank_start]Oxygen[blank_end] is the basis of life; it gives your body life by helping with aerobic respiration and it also bonds with hydrogen to create water. Water is essential; it makes up 60% of the human body. [blank_start]Carbohydrates[blank_end] give you the food to feed your cells; for example, animals use [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] that they get from glycogen. [blank_start]Protiens[blank_end] have many functions; some examples of these functions are assisting molecular transfers, hormones, and muscle contractions. [blank_start]Fats[blank_end] store excess energy that can eventually be used by the body. [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] provides the genetic information for a cell and is located in the nucleus of a cell. [blank_start]ATP[blank_end] provides almost all of the energy for our cells in a rapid manner.
Responda
-
(1) Oxygen
-
(1) Carbohydrate
-
(1) Protein
-
(1) Fat
-
(1) DNA
-
(1) ATP
-
(2) Carbohydrates
-
(2) Oxygen
-
(2) Proteins
-
(2) Fats
-
(2) DNA
-
(2) ATP
-
(3) glucose
-
(3) triglycerides
-
(3) phospholipids
-
(4) Protiens
-
(4) Oxygen
-
(4) Carbohydrates
-
(4) Fats
-
(4) DNA
-
(4) ATP
-
(5) Fats
-
(5) Oxygen
-
(5) Carbohydrates
-
(5) Proteins
-
(5) DNA
-
(5) ATP
-
(6) DNA
-
(6) Oxygen
-
(6) Carbohydrate
-
(6) Protein
-
(6) Fat
-
(6) ATP
-
(7) ATP
-
(7) DNA
-
(7) Oxygen
-
(7) Carbohydrate
-
(7) Protein
-
(7) Fat
Questão 16
Questão
For a gene to produce hair color, it first has to come from your [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] that your parents gave you via their [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end]. Chromosomes hold [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] in the nucleus. The DNA codes into [blank_start]RNA[blank_end], which then creates the [blank_start]proteins[blank_end] needed to produce that hair color.
Responda
-
(1) DNA
-
(1) RNA
-
(2) chromosomes
-
(2) proteins
-
(1) ATP
-
(3) DNA
-
(3) RNA
-
(3) ATP
-
(4) RNA
-
(4) ATP
-
(5) proteins
-
(5) chromosomes
Questão 17
Questão
Organize the following steps of bone repair for a broken bone from first (1) to last (4). Please only type the number instead without any punctuation; for example, next to step one, type "1" without the quotation marks.
[blank_start]4[blank_end] Osteoclasts break down bone to begin remodeling
[blank_start]2[blank_end] A cartilage callous forms & holds together the 2 broken ends of bone
[blank_start]1[blank_end] A blood clot forms
[blank_start]3[blank_end] Osteoblasts secrete proteins to form a bony callous
Questão 18
Questão
A blood vessel is an organ.
Questão 19
Questão
Select the correct organ system from the drop-down box for each statement. Each term will be used only ONCE. There are more terms than there are blanks, so not all answers will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produces hormones that regulate many body functions
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Detects both external and internal stimuli and coordinates responses
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produces blood cells and provides structural framework for movement
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Maintains the volume and composition of body fluids
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Exchanges gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between air and blood
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Transports materials to and from all cells
Responda
-
A. Nervous system
-
A. Lymphatic system
-
A. Urinary system
-
A. Reproductive system
-
A. Circulatory system
-
A. Digestive system
-
A. Endocrine system
-
A. Skeletal system
-
A. Respiratory system
-
B. Nervous system
-
B. Lymphatic system
-
B. Urinary system
-
B. Reproductive system
-
B. Circulatory system
-
B. Digestive system
-
B. Endocrine system
-
B. Skeletal system
-
B. Respiratory system
-
C. Nervous system
-
C. Lymphatic system
-
C. Urinary system
-
C. Reproductive system
-
C. Circulatory system
-
C. Digestive system
-
C. Endocrine system
-
C. Skeletal system
-
C. Respiratory system
-
D. Nervous system
-
D. Lymphatic system
-
D. Urinary system
-
D. Reproductive system
-
D. Circulatory system
-
D. Digestive system
-
D. Endocrine system
-
D. Skeletal system
-
D. Respiratory sytem
-
E. Nervous system
-
E. Lymphatic system
-
E. Urinary system
-
E. Reproductive system
-
E. Circulatory system
-
E. Digestive system
-
E. Endocrine system
-
E. Skeletal system
-
E. Respiratory system
-
F. Nervous system
-
F. Lymphatic system
-
F. Urinary system
-
F. Reproductive system
-
F. Circulatory system
-
F. Digestive system
-
F. Endocrine system
-
F. Skeletal system
-
F. Respiratory system
Questão 20
Questão
Which of the following does not repair itself well (if at all) after an injury?
Responda
-
Cartilage
-
Bone
-
Ligament
-
Tendon
Questão 21
Questão
Synovial joints are filled with a lubricating fluid.
Questão 22
Questão
Slow twitch muscle fibers have more blood vessels than fast twitch muscle fibers.
Questão 23
Questão
Which of the following injuries has occurred when a ligament is stretched or torn?
Responda
-
Sprain
-
Strain
-
Break
-
Fracture
Questão 24
Questão
Fast-twitch muscle fibers are [blank_start]anaerobic[blank_end], and slow-twitch muscle fibers are [blank_start]aerobic[blank_end].
Responda
-
(1) anaerobic
-
(1) aerobic
-
(2) aerobic
-
(2) anaerobic
Questão 25
Questão
Which of the following types of muscle fibers is used for short bursts of activity?
Questão 26
Questão
Muscles controlling fine movements use [blank_start]small motor units[blank_end]. A small motor unit has about [blank_start]two to ten[blank_end] motor units, and a large motor unit has [blank_start]thousands[blank_end].
Responda
-
small motor units
-
large motor units
-
(1) two to ten
-
(1) thousands
-
(2) thousands
-
(2) two to ten
Questão 27
Questão
Select the following process(es) which occur(s) throughout life:
Questão 28
Questão
Match the correct type of fracture with its appropriate description. Each blank only has one term, but since there are more terms than blanks not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] When the neds of the bone no longer line up
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Partly broken, partly bent; usually happens in young children
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Bone fragments; shattered
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Many microscopic breaks
Responda
-
A. Stress fracture
-
A. Displaced
-
A. Compound
-
A. Greenstick
-
A. Comminuted
-
A. Dislocated
-
B. Stress fracture
-
B. Displaced
-
B. Compound
-
B. Greenstick
-
B. Comminuted
-
B. Dislocated
-
C. Stress fracture
-
C. Displaced
-
C. Compound
-
C. Greenstick
-
C. Comminuted
-
C. Dislocated
-
D. Stress fracture
-
D. Displaced
-
D. Compound
-
D. Greenstick
-
D. Comminuted
-
D. Dislocated
Questão 29
Questão
Match the correct type of muscle with the type of movement. Each muscle type will only be used once.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Moves blood and nutrients throughout the body
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Moves and stabilizes the skeletal system
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Moves food, feces, etc.
Responda
-
A. Skeletal
-
A. Cardiac
-
A. Smooth
-
B. Cardiac
-
B. Skeletal
-
B. Smooth
-
C. Smooth
-
C. Cardiac
-
C. Skeletal
Questão 30
Questão
You would find smooth muscle in the stomach.
Questão 31
Questão
You would find cardiac muscle in the heart.
Questão 32
Questão
You would find skeletal muscle in your legs--specifically, in your femur.
Questão 33
Questão
Select the following type(s) of muscle which is/are INVOLUNTARY:
Responda
-
Cardiac muscle
-
Skeletal muscle
-
Smooth muscle
Questão 34
Questão
The four types of tissues in the body are connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscular tissue, and cardiac tissue.
Questão 35
Questão
Complete the following table with the following information for EACH box:
1. Is ATP required?
2. Are transport proteins required?
Responda
-
not possible
-
not
-
not
-
not
-
are
-
is
-
are
-
is
-
are
-
is
-
is
Questão 36
Questão
Describe the events involved in a skeletal muscle contraction. You should accurately use the following terms: actin, action potential, calcium, motor neuron, myosin, sarcomere, sarcoplasmic reticulum, sliding, and troponin.
A(n) [blank_start]action potential[blank_end] moves down a [blank_start]motor neuron[blank_end] where Ach is released. This flows through the synapse to the receptors of the muscle fiber, which then allows the [blank_start]calcium ions[blank_end] to be released from the [blank_start]sarcoplasmic reticulum[blank_end] and bind. The [blank_start]actin[blank_end] and [blank_start]myosin[blank_end] of the sarcomere link to the myosin head and moves the muscle fiber into contraction. The [blank_start]sliding[blank_end] movement occurs due to the [blank_start]troponin[blank_end] and tropomyosin allowing binding sites to show.
Responda
-
action potential
-
motor neuron
-
calcium ions
-
sarcoplasmic reticulum
-
actin
-
myosin
-
sliding
-
troponin
Questão 37
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each phrase. Each term will be used only once, but since there are more terms than blanks not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Develops into a cell that produces antibodies
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Can engulf and kill a bacterium or infected cells
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Fragments of cells that help form blood clots
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Carries most of the oxygen traveling in blood
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Makes up more than half of the volume of blood
Responda
-
A. B cell
-
A. T cell
-
A. Natural Killer (NK) cell
-
A. Phagocytic cell
-
A. Erythrocyte
-
A. Plasma
-
A. Platelets
-
B. B cell
-
B. T cell
-
B. Natural killer (NK) cell
-
B. Phagocytic cell
-
B. Erythrocyte
-
B. Plasma
-
B. Platelets
-
C. B cell
-
C. T cell
-
C. Natural Killer (NK) cell
-
C. Phagocytic cell
-
C. Plasma
-
C. Erythrocyte
-
C. Platelets
-
D. B cell
-
D. T cell
-
D. Natural Killer (NK) cell
-
D. Erythrocyte
-
D. Plasma
-
D, Platelets
-
D. Phagocytic cell
-
E. B cell
-
E. T cell
-
E. Natural Killer (NK) cell
-
E. Phagocytic cell
-
E. Erythrocyte
-
E. Plasma
-
E. Platelets
Questão 38
Questão
Both B cells and T cells can target specific antigens and can produce memory cells.
Questão 39
Questão
Due to menstruation, women lose more blood than men which in turn reduces their iron levels and their hematocrit.
Questão 40
Questão
Blood thinners reduce the thickness of your blood by adding a large amount of water to the bloodstream.
Questão 41
Questão
When skeletal muscles contract, they pump oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. This is an example of venous return.
Questão 42
Questão
If you have blood type B, then select the following blood type(s) who you can GIVE blood to:
Questão 43
Questão
If your blood type is type B, who can you RECEIVE blood from? Select all blood type(s):
Questão 44
Questão
Three risk factors for hypertension include (but are not limited to) old age, a high-salt diet, and obesity.
Questão 45
Questão
The left ventricle contraction generates diastolic pressure, and the left ventricle relaxation generates systolic pressure.
Questão 46
Questão
Normal blood pressure is 120/80.
Questão 47
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each statement. Each term will be used only once, but since there are more terms than statements, some terms will not be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A blood clot that is stuck in a vessel and blocking blood flow.
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Low oxygen carrying capacity
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A circulating blood clot
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A general term for any inappropriate blood clot
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Consequence of a cerebral embolism
Responda
-
A. Embolus
-
A. Thrombus
-
A. Embolism
-
A. Myocardial infarction
-
A. Stroke
-
A. Coronary
-
A. Anemia
-
B. Embolus
-
B. Thrombus
-
B. Embolism
-
B. Myocardial infarction
-
B. Stroke
-
B. Coronary
-
B. Anemia
-
C. Embolus
-
C. Thrombus
-
C. Embolism
-
C. Myocardial infarction
-
C. Stroke
-
C. Coronary
-
C. Anemia
-
D. Embolus
-
D. Thrombus
-
D. Embolism
-
D. Myocardial infarction
-
D. Stroke
-
D. Coronary
-
D. Anemia
-
E. Embolus
-
E. Thrombus
-
E. Embolism
-
E. Myocardial infarction
-
E. Stroke
-
E. Coronary
-
E. Anemia
Questão 48
Questão
Which of the following occurs after the platelet plug forms during blood clotting?
Responda
-
The plug forms a clot that traps red blood cells.
-
The smooth muscle lining the vessels spasms, reducing blood loss.
-
Platelets recruit more platelets, causing a positive feedback loop.
Questão 49
Questão
Ebola has a high [blank_start]virulence[blank_end] but a fairly low [blank_start]transmissibility[blank_end].
Responda
-
(1) virulence
-
(1) immunity
-
(1) transmissibility
-
(2) transmissibility
-
(2) virulence
-
(2) immunity
Questão 50
Questão
Fungal pathogens are typically transmitted by vectors.
Questão 51
Questão
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) find antigens and activate T/B cells.
Questão 52
Questão
Which of the following is NOT an example of passive immunity?
Questão 53
Questão
Redness, heat, swelling and pain are characteristics of [blank_start]inflammation[blank_end].
Responda
-
inflammation
-
vasoconstriction
-
T cell activation
-
immune tolerence
Questão 54
Questão
Select the following attribute(s) which is/are associated with the IMMUNE SYSTEM:
Responda
-
Organ system
-
Defends the body from pathogens
-
Regulates fluid balance
-
Includes tonsils, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes
-
Functional system
Questão 55
Questão
Select the following attribute(s) which is/are associated with the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM:
Responda
-
Organ system
-
Defends the body from pathogens
-
Regulates fluid balance
-
Includes tonsils, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes
-
Functional system
Questão 56
Questão
The [blank_start]innate[blank_end] immune response is activated first in response to the first encounter with a new antigen.
Questão 57
Questão
There are three different "types" of antibodies.
Questão 58
Questão
Select the appropriate pathogen for each infection/disease from the drop-down box. Each term will only be used once.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Athlete's foot
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Tapeworms
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Common cold
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Mad cow disease
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Lyme disease
Responda
-
A. Animals (parasites)
-
A. Virus
-
A. Fungus
-
A. Prion
-
A. Bacteria
-
B. Animals (parasites)
-
B. Virus
-
B. Fungus
-
B. Prion
-
B. Bacteria
-
C. Animals (parasites)
-
C. Virus
-
C. Fungus
-
C. Prion
-
C. Bacteria
-
D. Animals (parasites)
-
D. Virus
-
D. Fungus
-
D. Prion
-
D. Bacteria
-
E. Animals (parasites)
-
E. Virus
-
E. Fungus
-
E. Prion
-
E. Bacteria
Questão 59
Questão
One benefit of a fever is that it can help reduce bacteria growth.
Questão 60
Questão
One risk of prolonged fever is that it can cause brain damage by causing the proteins to unfold.
Questão 61
Questão
When you first get a fever, your hypothalamus sends a signal to your brain to tell you to readjust your temperature, so you feel [blank_start]cold[blank_end] even though your internal body temperature is [blank_start]still normal[blank_end]. Once your body fully recognizes what's going on, another signal is sent by your brain to make you feel "normal" again; however, because your body was getting used to the [blank_start]"cold"[blank_end], this change causes you to feel [blank_start]hot[blank_end].
Responda
-
(1) cold
-
(1) hot
-
still normal
-
actually extremely hot
-
actually extremely cold
-
"cold"
-
"hot"
-
(4) hot
-
(4) cold
Questão 62
Questão
Which of the following structures is the site of gas exchange?
Responda
-
Larynx
-
Trachea
-
Thymus
-
Alveoli
Questão 63
Questão
Which of the following explains one reason why smokers cough more than non-smokers?
Responda
-
Nicotine inflames the bronchioles
-
Nicotine paralyzes the cilia
-
Smoking causes lower mucus production
-
They have to deal with an increased vital capacity
Questão 64
Questão
[blank_start]Tidal volume[blank_end] has the least variation.
Responda
-
Tidal volume
-
Residual volume
-
Vital capacity
-
Total lung capacity
Questão 65
Questão
White blood cells are also known as erythrocytes.
Questão 66
Questão
Label the different parts of the neuron.
Responda
-
(A) axon
-
(A) cell body
-
(A) dendrite
-
(B) Axon
-
(B) Cell body
-
(B) Dendrite
-
(C) Axon
-
(C) Cell body
-
(C) Dendrite
Questão 67
Questão
The part of a neuron responsible for protein production is the
Questão 68
Questão
Graded potentials differ from action potentials in that graded potentials
Responda
-
are self-propagating
-
are all the same based on the all-or-none principle
-
become weaker with increasing distance
-
are output signals to other cells
Questão 69
Questão
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is
Responda
-
all nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord
-
only the motor output of the nervous system
-
only the nervous tissue inside the brain and spinal cord
-
only responsible for pain responses
Questão 70
Questão
Myelination (the wrapping of neuronal axons by glial cells) is responsible for
Responda
-
removing waste products from the neuron
-
providing the axon with oxygen
-
removing inappropriately-placed axons
-
providing electrical insulation for action potentials
Questão 71
Questão
White matter of the brain contains
Responda
-
clusters of cell bodies and dendrites for processing information
-
bundles of axons for transmitting information
-
the internal ganglia of the body
-
all of the above
Questão 72
Questão
The magnitude/size of the effect of a hormone depends on which of the following?
Responda
-
The speed of the receptor response
-
The rate of hormone degredation
-
The amount of hormone circulating
-
The input from the lymphatic system
Questão 73
Questão
Oligodendrocytes are similar to Schwann cells in that they both
Responda
-
Help neurons regenerate after injury
-
Are glial cells that forms a muelin sheath around axons
-
Are located in the central nervous system
-
Conduct nerve impulses
Questão 74
Questão
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down box for each definition. Each term will be used only once, but since there are more terms than definitions, not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] The conscious part of the brain
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Area of the brain that modifies cerebral output
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Part of the brain responsible for your biological clock and body temperature
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Specific personality and decision-making part of the brain
5. [blank_start]_____[blank_end] System responsible for short-term memory
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Language center of the brain that interprets the meaning of speech
Responda
-
A. Broca's area
-
A. Wernicke's area
-
A. Diencephalon
-
A. Brainstem
-
A. Cerebrum
-
A. Cerebellum
-
A. Somatosensory area
-
A. Prefrontal cortex
-
A. Limbic system
-
A. Ventricular system
-
B. Broca's area
-
B. Wernicke's area
-
B. Diencephalon
-
B. Brainstem
-
B. Cerebrum
-
B. Cerebellum
-
B. Somatosensory area
-
B. Prefrontal cortex
-
B. Limbic system
-
B. Ventricular system
-
C. Broca's area
-
C. Wernicke's area
-
C. Diencephalon
-
C. Brainstem
-
C. Cerebrum
-
C. Cerebellum
-
C. Somatosensory area
-
C. Prefrontal cortex
-
C. Limbic system
-
C. Ventricular system
-
D. Broca's area
-
D. Wernicke's area
-
D. Diencephalon
-
D. Brainstem
-
D. Cerebrum
-
D. Cerebellum
-
D. Somatosensory area
-
D. Prefrontal cortex
-
D. Limbic system
-
D. Ventricular system
-
E. Broca's area
-
E. Wernicke's area
-
E. Diencephalon
-
E. Brainstem
-
E. Cerebrum
-
E. Cerebellum
-
E. Somatosensory area
-
E. Prefrontal cortex
-
E. Limbic system
-
E. Ventricular system
-
F. Broca's area
-
F. Wernicke's area
-
F. Diencephalon
-
F. Brainstem
-
F. Cerebrum
-
F. Cerebellum
-
F. Somatosensory area
-
F. Prefrontal cortex
-
F. Limbic system
-
F. Ventricular system
Questão 75
Questão
In general, people are left- or right-brained depending on their personality.
Questão 76
Questão
Label the regions of the brain.
Responda
-
(A) Cerebrum
-
(A) Cerebellum
-
(A) Brainstem
-
(A) Diencephalon
-
(B) Cerebrum
-
(B) Cerebellum
-
(B) Diencephalon
-
(B) Brainstem
-
(C) Cerebrum
-
(C) Cerebellum
-
(C) Diencephalon
-
(C) Brainstem
-
(D) Brainstem
-
(D) Diencephalon
-
(D) Cerebrum
-
(D) Cerebellum
Questão 77
Questão
Hormones are involved in maintaining circadian rhythm (melatonin) as well as regulating glucose in the bloodstream (glucagon and insulin).
Questão 78
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each definition. Terms may be used once or not at all.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Visible portion of the outer ear
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Eardrum
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Connects the middle ear to the throat to equalize air pressure
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Where sound is converted from vibrations to action potentials
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] One component of the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Ringing in the ears
7. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Malleus, incus, and stapes
Responda
-
(A) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(A) Auditory ossicles
-
(A) Oval window
-
(A) Tympanic membrane
-
(A) Pinna
-
(A) Auditory canal
-
(A) Semicircular canals
-
(A) Cochlea
-
(A) Tinnitus
-
(B) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(B) Auditory ossicles
-
(B) Oval window
-
(B) Tympanic membrane
-
(B) Pinna
-
(B) Auditory canal
-
(B) Semicircular canals
-
(B) Cochlea
-
(B) Tinnitus
-
(C) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(C) Auditory ossicles
-
(C) Oval window
-
(C) Tympanic membrane
-
(C) Pinna
-
(C) Auditory canal
-
(C) Semicircular canals
-
(C) Cochlea
-
(C) Tinnitus
-
(D) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(D) Auditory ossicles
-
(D) Oval window
-
(D) Tympanic membrane
-
(D) Pinna
-
(D) Auditory canal
-
(D) Semicircular canals
-
(D) Cochlea
-
(D) Tinnitus
-
(E) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(E) Auditory ossicles
-
(E) Oval window
-
(E) Tympanic membrane
-
(E) Pinna
-
(E) Auditory canal
-
(E) Semicircular canals
-
(E) Cochlea
-
(E) Tinnitus
-
(F) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(F) Auditory ossicles
-
(F) Oval window
-
(F) Tympanic membrane
-
(F) Pinna
-
(F) Auditory canal
-
(F) Semicircular canals
-
(F) Cochlea
-
(F) Tinnitus
-
(G) Pharyngotympanic tube
-
(G) Auditory ossicles
-
(G) Oval window
-
(G) Tympanic membrane
-
(G) Pinna
-
(G) Auditory canal
-
(G) Semicircular canals
-
(G) Cochlea
-
(G) Tinnitus
Questão 79
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each definition. Terms may be used once or not at all.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Middle layer of the eye that contains the iris
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Center region of the retina with the highest density of photoreceptors
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] White part of the eye
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Thin vascularized membrane of the outer eye
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Retinal cells that allow us to see color
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Portion of the eye responsible for the majority of light bending
7. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Elasticity of this part of the eye decreases with age
8. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Farsightedness
Responda
-
A. Hyperopia
-
A. Myopia
-
A. Lens
-
A. Optic disk
-
A. Macula
-
A. Cornea
-
A. Selera
-
A. Uvea
-
A. Conjunctiva
-
A. Rods
-
A. Cones
-
B. Hyperopia
-
B. Myopia
-
B. Lens
-
B. Optic disk
-
B. Macula
-
B. Cornea
-
B. Selera
-
B. Uvea
-
B. Conjunctiva
-
B. Rods
-
B. Cones
-
C. Hyperopia
-
C. Myopia
-
C. Lens
-
C. Optic disk
-
C. Macula
-
C. Cornea
-
C. Selera
-
C. Uvea
-
C. Conjunctiva
-
C. Rods
-
C. Cones
-
D. Hyperopia
-
D. Myopia
-
D. Lens
-
D. Optic disk
-
D. Macula
-
D. Cornea
-
D. Selera
-
D. Uvea
-
D. Conjunctiva
-
D. Rods
-
D. Cones
-
E. Hyperopia
-
E. Myopia
-
E. Lens
-
E. Optic disk
-
E. Macula
-
E. Cornea
-
E. Selera
-
E. Uvea
-
E. Conjunctiva
-
E. Rods
-
E. Cones
-
F. Hyperopia
-
F. Myopia
-
F. Lens
-
F. Optic disk
-
F. Macula
-
F. Cornea
-
F. Selera
-
F. Uvea
-
F. Conjunctiva
-
F. Rods
-
F. Cones
-
G. Hyperopia
-
G. Myopia
-
G. Lens
-
G. Optic disk
-
G. Macula
-
G. Cornea
-
G. Selera
-
G. Uvea
-
G. Conjunctiva
-
G. Rods
-
G. Cones
-
hyperopia
-
myopia
Questão 80
Questão
Select the following characteristic(s) or the NERVOUS SYSTEM:
Responda
-
Uses electrical signals
-
Signals circulate in the blood
-
Coordinates responses in the body
-
Slow start and stop (seconds to weeks)
Questão 81
Questão
Select the following characteristic(s) of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
Responda
-
Uses electrical signals
-
Signals circulate in the blood
-
Coordinates responses within the body
-
Slow start and stop (seconds to weeks)
Questão 82
Questão
Select the following characteristic(s) of STEROID HORMONES:
Responda
-
lipid-soluble (hydrophobic)
-
receptors are present on the outside of the target cell membrane
-
examples include estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol
-
usually stimulate DNA to make RNA to make protein
-
typically larger hormones
Questão 83
Questão
Select the following characteristic(s) of NON-STEROID HORMONES:
Responda
-
lipid-soluble (hydrophobic)
-
receptors are present on the outside of the target cell membrane
-
examples include estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol
-
usually stimulate DNA to make RNA to make protein
-
typically larger hormones
Questão 84
Questão
Select the appropriate term for each definition. All terms will be used once.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the pancreatic beta cells to lower blood sugar
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates cell division
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the pineal gland to regulate circadian rhythm
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the adrenal medulla and is part of the "fight or flight" response
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium levels
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the pancreatic alpha cells to raise blood sugar
7. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the adrenal cortex and decreases the immune response
8. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the posterior pituitary and reduces the amount of water lost in urine
9. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Produced by the parathyroid gland to increase blood calcium levels
Responda
-
A. Calcitonin
-
A. Glucagon
-
A. Epinephrine
-
A. Human growth hormone (hGH)
-
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
-
A. Melatonin
-
A. Cortisol
-
A. Insulin
-
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
-
B. Calcitonin
-
B. Glucagon
-
B. Epinephrine
-
B. Human growth hormone (hGH)
-
B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
-
B. Melatonin
-
B. Cortisol
-
B. Insulin
-
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
-
C. Calcitonin
-
C. Glucagon
-
C. Epinephrine
-
C. Human growth hormone (hGH)
-
C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
-
C. Melatonin
-
C. Cortisol
-
C. Insulin
-
C. Antidiuretic hormone
-
D. Calcitonin
-
D. Glucagon
-
D. Epinephrine
-
D. Human growth hormone (hGH)
-
D. parathyroid hormone (PTH)
-
D. Melatonin
-
D. Cortisol
-
D. Insulin
-
D. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
-
E. Calcitonin
-
E. Glucagon
-
E. Epinephrine
-
E. hGH
-
E. PTH
-
E. Melatonin
-
E. Cortisol
-
E. Insulin
-
E. ADH
-
F. Calcitonin
-
F. Glucagon
-
F. Epinephrine
-
F. hGH
-
F. PTH
-
F. Melatonin
-
F. Cortisol
-
F. Insulin
-
F. ADH
-
G. Calcitonin
-
G. Glucagon
-
G. Epinephrine
-
G. hGH
-
G. PTH
-
G. Melatonin
-
G. Cortisol
-
G. Insulin
-
G. ADH
-
H. Calcitonin
-
H. Glucagon
-
H. Epinephrine
-
H. hGH
-
H. PTH
-
H. Melatonin
-
H. Cortisol
-
H. Insulin
-
H. ADH
-
I. Calcitonin
-
I. Glucagon
-
I. Epinephrine
-
I. hGH
-
I. PTH
-
I. Melatonin
-
I. Cortisol
-
I. Insulin
-
I. ADH
Questão 85
Questão
Type I Diabetes is an autoimmune condition.
Questão 86
Questão
Lateralization is the tendency for some neural functions or cognitive processes to be more dominant in one hemisphere than in the other.
Questão 87
Questão
The main function of the digestive system is to detoxify the body.
Questão 88
Questão
________ is the process of releasing substances from cells into the lumen of the gut.
Responda
-
digestion
-
secretion
-
absorption
Questão 89
Questão
______ occurs when smooth muscle in front of a bolus relaxes, and contracts behind.
Responda
-
Peristalsis
-
Sweeping
-
Absorption
-
Segmentation
Questão 90
Questão
Which of the following occurs in the mouth?
Responda
-
mechanical digestion
-
chemical digestion
-
secretion
-
all of these
Questão 91
Questão
Acid reflux, the backflow of stomach fluid into the esophagus, most commonly occurs due to
Questão 92
Questão
Pepsin and lipases are present in gastric juice to break down proteins and lipids, respectively.
Questão 93
Questão
Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid (HCl) that unfolds proteins and inhibits bacterial growth.
Questão 94
Questão
Gastric juice contains mucus to protect the cells lining the stomach from acid.
Questão 95
Questão
The majority of nutrient and water absorption occurs in the [blank_start]small intestine[blank_end].
Responda
-
small intestine
-
large intestine
-
stomach
-
appendix
Questão 96
Questão
A normal gastric emptying time is [blank_start]2 to 6[blank_end] hours.
Responda
-
2 to 6
-
less than 1
-
less than 2
-
6 to 10
Questão 97
Questão
The most common cause of peptic ulcers, or open sores of the stomach's mucosal lining, is
Responda
-
bacterial infection
-
stomach cancer
-
vitamin overconsumption
-
stress
Questão 98
Questão
The majority of feces is
Responda
-
indigestible material
-
water
-
bacteria (dead or alive)
-
enzymes
Questão 99
Questão
Amylases (salivary and pancreatic) are the main contributors to the breakdown of
Responda
-
polysaccharides
-
proteins
-
lipids
Questão 100
Questão
A main function of the urinary system is to maintain fluid volume of the lymphatic vessels.
Questão 101
Questão
Women are more likely to develop urinary tract infections (UTIs) than men because
Responda
-
women have a shorter urethra
-
women have a longer urethra
-
women have a smaller bladder
-
women have a larger bladder
Questão 102
Questão
The [blank_start]ureter[blank_end] is a tube-like connection that supports the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder.
Responda
-
ureter
-
urethra
-
vas (ductus) deferens
-
oviduct
Questão 103
Questão
The corpus luteum develops in the [blank_start]ovary[blank_end] from the [blank_start]ruptured follicle[blank_end].
Responda
-
ovary
-
uterus
-
ruptured follicle
-
ovulated follicle
-
immature oocyte
-
embryo
Questão 104
Questão
Put the following organs and structures in order (1-8) from the first place where food enters the body (1) to the last place where waste exits (8).
Questão 105
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each definition/statement. Each term will be used only once.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Responsible for the movement of food/chyme/feces
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Anchors the gut to the surrounding tissue
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Only layer capable of absorption
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Contains blood vessels to carry away absorbed nutrients
Responda
-
A. Submucosa
-
A. Mucosa
-
A. Muscularis externa
-
A. Serosa/adventitia
-
B. Serosa/adventitia
-
B. Submucosa
-
B. Mucosa
-
B. Muscularis externa
-
C. Mucosa
-
C. Submucosa
-
C. Muscularis externa
-
C. Serosa/adventitia
-
D. Submucosa
-
D. Mucosa
-
D. Serosa/adventitia
-
D. Muscularis externa
Questão 106
Questão
The mucosa is highly folded to increase its surface area.
Questão 107
Questão
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each definition. Each term will only be used once, but since there are more terms than definitions, not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Stores/concentrates bile
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Major function is to produce digestive enzymes
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Processes/stores nutrients absorbed by the small intestine
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Small pouch extending from the cecum.
Responda
-
A. Liver
-
A. Appendix
-
A. Gallbladder
-
A. Pancreas
-
A. Large intestine
-
B. Liver
-
B. Appendix
-
B. Gallbladder
-
B. Pancreas
-
B. Large intestine
-
C. Liver
-
C. Appendix
-
C. Gallbladder
-
C. Pancreas
-
C. large intestine
-
D. Liver
-
D. Gallbladder
-
D. Appendix
-
D. Pancreas
-
D. Large intestine
Questão 108
Questão
Three main functions of the liver are that it processes/stores nutrients absorbed by the small intestine, it cleans/detoxifies blood, and it makes bile.
Questão 109
Questão
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down box for each statement. Each term will be used once, but since there are more terms than statements, not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] GI disorder that results from lacking an enzyme to digest a particular molecule
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] GI disorder that results from T cells and/or other antibodies attacking a molecule in food
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Noncancerous growths
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Specific disorder where immune system responds to gluten by destroying small intestine microvilli
5. [blank_start]_____[blank_end] Inflammation of the liver
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Weakness of the large intestine wall
Responda
-
A. Hepatitis
-
A. Diverticulosis
-
A. Polyps
-
A. Celiac disease
-
A. Food allergy
-
A. Food intolerance
-
A. Food sensitivity
-
B. Hepatitis
-
B. Diverticulosis
-
B. Polyps
-
B. Celiac disease
-
B. Food allergy
-
B. Food intolerance
-
B. Food sensitivity
-
C. Hepatitis
-
C. Diverticulosis
-
C. Polyps
-
C. Celiac disease
-
C. Food allergy
-
C. Food intolerance
-
C. Food sensitivity
-
D. Hepatitis
-
D. Diverticulosis
-
D. Polyps
-
D. Celiac disease
-
D. Food allergy
-
D. Food intolerance
-
D. Food sensitivity
-
E. Hepatitis
-
E. Diverticulosis
-
E. Polyps
-
E. Celiac disease
-
E. Food allergy
-
E. Food intolerance
-
E. Food sensitivity
-
F. Hepatitis
-
F. Diverticulosis
-
F. Polyps
-
F. Celiac disease
-
F. Food allergy
-
F. Food sensitivity
-
F. Food intolerance
Questão 110
Questão
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down box for each statement. Each term will be used once, but since there are more terms than statements, not all terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Inner epithelial lining of the uterus where embryo implants
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Where immature oocytes develop within the ovary
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Narrow part of the uterus that extends slightly into the vagina
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Hollow muscular organ that is continuous with external genitalia
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Typical site of egg fertilization
6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Most commoon type of ectopic pregnancy
Responda
-
A. Cervix
-
A. Uterus
-
A. Vagina
-
A. Oviduct
-
A. Follicle
-
A. Myometrium
-
A. Endometrium
-
A. Ampullar
-
A. Intramural
-
B. Cervix
-
B. Uterus
-
B. Vagina
-
B. Oviduct
-
B. Follicle
-
B. Myometrium
-
B. Endometrium
-
B. Ampullar
-
B. Intramural
-
C. Cervix
-
C. Uterus
-
C. Vagina
-
C. Oviduct
-
C. Follicle
-
C. Myometrium
-
C. Endometrium
-
C. Intramural
-
C. Ampullar
-
D. Cervix
-
D. Uterus
-
D. Vagina
-
D. Oviduct
-
D. Myometrium
-
D. Endometrium
-
D. Intramural
-
D. Ampullar
-
E. Cervix
-
E. Uterus
-
E. Vagina
-
E. Oviduct
-
E. Follicle
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E. Myometrium
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E. Endometrium
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E. Intramural
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E. Ampullar
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F. Cervix
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F. Vagina
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F. Oviduct
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F. Uterus
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F. Follicle
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F. Myometrium
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F. Endometrium
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F. Intramural
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F. Ampullar
Questão 111
Questão
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down box for each statement. Two of the three terms will be used.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Hormone secreted by the embryo that tells the corpus luteum to remain alive
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation
Responda
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A. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
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A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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A. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg)
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B. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
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B. luteinizing hormone (LH)
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B. human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg)
Questão 112
Questão
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is secreted by the pituitary gland, which causes testosterone to remain in the testes longer.
Questão 113
Questão
Using the figure of meiosis, please write a number (for steps 1-3) or letter (for cells A-D) in the blanks below. There may be multiple answers per blank.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Step where DNA replicates
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] First cell that is haploid
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Division step that is identical to mitosis
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Daughter cells
5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Diploid cells
Questão 114
Questão
The urethra also carries urine outside the body.
Questão 115
Questão
The epididymis is cut and tied during a vasectomy.
Questão 116
Questão
The testis is the site of meiosis.
Questão 117
Questão
The urethra contains tightly-packed seminiferous tubules.
Questão 118
Questão
Sperm develop mobility in the epididymis.