PSYC234 - Biological Psychology & Learning

The structures towards the back of the brain are called Anterior

The structures towards the front of the brain are called Posterior

Structures closer to the head or above another structure are Superior

Structures closer to the feet or below another structure are Inferior

Towards the side, away from the midline of the brain means lateral

Anything in the midline of the brain, away from any side structures means Medical

Closest attachment to the body means Distal

Furthest attachment from the body means Proximal

Structures on the same side of the body are called Contralateral

Structures on the opposite sides of the body are called Contralateral

Dorsal - the structures towards the back or away from the stomach?

Ventral - structures towards the stomach

The following explanation of planes is true: o Sagittal: seen from the side o Horizontal/Transverse: seen from above o Coronal/Frontal: seen from the front

Label the organisation of the nervous system

The Spinal Cord: a segmented structure with [blank_start]sensory nerves[blank_end] ([blank_start]afferent[blank_end]) from the dorsal, that provides [blank_start]sensory information[blank_end] from the periphery to the spinal cord and then to the brain, as well as [blank_start]motor nerves[blank_end] ([blank_start]efferent[blank_end]) from the ventral, that provides [blank_start]motor information[blank_end] from the spinal cord to the muscles accounting for voluntary movements

The Somatic System sends information from the brain and the spinal cord to the muscles and in return, relays the received sensory information to the CNS i.e., voluntary motor movements

The Autonomic System control internal organs without conscious awareness i.e., heart rate, breathing rate, digestion

The Sympathetic (fight or flight) System expends energy, prepares for vigorous activity i.e., increased heart rate, decreased digestion, dilated pupils, increased respiration rate, increased glucose levels

The Parasympathetic System responsible for vegetative functions i.e., will increase digestive activity, decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure