Chapter 9 - Development of Language and Communication Skills

[blank_start]__________[blank_end] is the sound system of a language and the rules for combining these sounds to produce meaningful units of speech

[blank_start]______[blank_end] is composed of the rules governing the formation of meaningful words from sounds

[blank_start]________[blank_end] is the expressed meaning of words and sentences

[blank_start]_________[blank_end] is the structure of a language; the rules specifying how words and grammatical markers are to be combined to produce meaningful sentences

[blank_start]______[blank_end] include principles that underlie the effective and approptiate use of language to social contexts

A young child's tendency to use relatively specific words to a broad set of objects, actions or events is called a(n) [blank_start]_________[blank_end]

The notion that young children make inferences about the meaning of words by analyzing the way words are used insentences and inferring whether they refer to objects, actions, or attributes is called [blank_start]__________[blank_end].

The [blank_start]_______[blank_end] is the single-word utterance that represents an entire sentence's worth of meaning.

Tamina is preoccupied with pointing at things and asking what they are. She is a toddler who experiences

The fact that coos sound the same whether or not the young infant can hear suggests that coos

The unfant uses imperatice gestures to get others to

The first word of a first child usually vastly differs from those of their younger siblings. This illustrates the concept of

During the last phase of question asking, the child is able to ask adultlike questions such as:

Cross-cultural studies on passives show that children whose language has many passive constructions

Level of _________ is a strong predictor of the child's reading skill in grade school

Conversing with siblings promotes effective communication because

Overregularization refers to the young child's tendency to use relatively specific words to refer to a broader set of objects, actions, or events than adults do (such as using the word "car" to refer to all motor vehicles).

Transformational grammar refers to rules of syntax that allow one to transform declarative statements into questions, negatives, imperatives, and other kinds of sentences.

A psycholinguistic studies _______. She is interested in how children learn the meanings of bound morphemes, free morphemes, and sentences.

Expansions and recasts are examples of

Nativists believe in all of the following except:

A scientist who believes that children who are biologically prepared to acquire language, who have conversations with adults who use child-directed speech, with a nervous system that gradually matures and predisposes them to develop similar language skils at about the same age is known as a(n)

Infants begin cooing by age ___ month(s) and start to babble by age ___ months.

Development during the __________ allows infants to discriminate speechlike sounds and become sensitive to a wider variety of phonemes than adults are.

Which of the following is not one of the processing constraints that help toddlers figure out word meanings?

During middle childhood and adolescence, children learn more about

Rob has learned grammatical morphemes, such as -s for plurals and -ed for past tense. Occasionally he makes errors such as saying, "foots" and "broked." These errors are known as:

Recent research on bilingual education has found that two-way bilingual education programs