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Immunology Exam 2 Prep

Descrição

Primary Lymphoid tissue (section 7) - Immunobiology to tumors (section 13)
Sarai Gruver
Quiz por Sarai Gruver, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Sarai Gruver
Criado por Sarai Gruver mais de 6 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Functions of primary lymphoid organs
Responda
  • site of B and T lymphocyte development and education
  • provide a collection of T and B lymphocytes with receptors specific for diverse antigens for secondary lymphoid tissue
  • production/differentiation of dendritic cells from progenitor cells
  • central tolerance (render T and B cells tolerant to self antigens)

Questão 2

Questão
Which are primary lymphoid organs
Responda
  • Thymus (T-cells)
  • Ileal Peyer's Patches (B - cells)
  • Bursa (b-cells)
  • Bone Marrow
  • tonsil/spleen
  • Lymph and hemal nodes
  • Jejunal Peyer's patch

Questão 3

Questão
Which are secondary Lymph Tissues
Responda
  • Bursa (B-cells)
  • Tonsil/spleen
  • Jejunal Peyer's Patch
  • Bone Marrow
  • Thymus (T-cells)
  • Lymph and Hemal nodes

Questão 4

Questão
Lymphoblasts invade the [blank_start]thymus[blank_end] from the bone marrow where they become [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end]. These cells then mature to become [blank_start]T-lymphocytes[blank_end].
Responda
  • thymus
  • thymocytes
  • T-lymphocytes

Questão 5

Questão
There is a difference between immature and naive T-cells.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 6

Questão
Immature t-lymphocytes are called [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end].
Responda
  • thymocytes

Questão 7

Questão
Recognition of a self-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule is [blank_start]positive[blank_end] selection. Elimination of a cell with high affinity for self peptides is [blank_start]negative[blank_end] selection. Death by neglect of cells that so not recognize their MHC is negative selection.
Responda
  • positive
  • negative

Questão 8

Questão
Expression of accessory molecules during thymocyte maturation 1) signaling component of T-cell receptor - [blank_start]CD3[blank_end] 2) T-helper cells - [blank_start]CD4[blank_end] 3) Cytotoxic T cells - [blank_start]CD8[blank_end]
Responda
  • CD3
  • CD4
  • CD8

Questão 9

Questão
Label this image
Image:
Capture (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • T-cell receptor
  • Polymorphic residue of MHC molecule
  • MHC
  • self peptide
  • anchor residue of peptide
  • "pocket" of MHC molecule
  • T cell contact residue of peptide
  • thymocyte or T-lymphocyte
  • thymic epithelial cell or dendritic cell

Questão 10

Questão
Label this image
Image:
Capture 1 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • cortical epithelial cells
  • medullary epithelial cells
  • dendritic cell
  • MHC bearing

Questão 11

Questão
Label this image
Image:
Capture 2 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • immature (1)
  • Immature (2)
  • mature
  • cortical epithelial cells
  • positive
  • MHC
  • dendritic
  • negative
  • self-tolerance

Questão 12

Questão
MHC class 1 binding leads to mature [blank_start]CD8+[blank_end] T cell MHC class 2 binding leads to mature [blank_start]CD4+[blank_end] T cell
Responda
  • CD8+
  • CD4+

Questão 13

Questão
Single-positive thymocytes leave the thymus as a single memory cell and are very important for viral immunity. (they are also more prevalent in pigs)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 14

Questão
AIRE gene encodes for..
Responda
  • self peptides
  • insulin
  • thyroid hormone
  • collagen
  • T-cell receptors
  • B-cell receptors

Questão 15

Questão
[blank_start]Autoimmune regulator gene[blank_end] ([blank_start]AIRE[blank_end]) control expression of over 400 tissue specific proteins. They are expressed by [blank_start]thymic[blank_end] [blank_start]medullary epithelial[blank_end] cells with MHC molecules. [blank_start]AIRE[blank_end] genes are important for developing [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end] to become [blank_start]self-tolerant[blank_end].
Responda
  • Autoimmune regulator gene
  • AIRE
  • thymic
  • medullary epithelial
  • AIRE
  • thymocytes
  • self-tolerant

Questão 16

Questão
[blank_start]Thymulin[blank_end] - zinc containing peptide produced by thymic epithelial cells important for T- cell function. [blank_start]Thymic stromal lymphopoietin[blank_end] - regulate positive selection (produced from Hassall's corpuscles)
Responda
  • Thymulin
  • Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

Questão 17

Questão
Zinc is not essential for T cells and skin enzymes.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 18

Questão
Which are consequences of not having a thymus (mice and cats)
Responda
  • no T cells in secondary lymphoid tissue
  • No t cells in primary lymphoid tissue
  • no T cells in circulation
  • defective rejection of graft tissue
  • intact rejection of graft tissue
  • defective t cell mediated immunity
  • antibodies to protein antigen decreased, other antibodies are okay

Questão 19

Questão
Which of the following processes is preserved in nude mice or nude cats
Responda
  • graft tissue rejection
  • t cell immunity
  • circulating antibody levels
  • B lymphocyte concentrations
  • CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte concentration

Questão 20

Questão
Thymecotmy at birth in calves has little effect on T cell immunity compared to rodents because the thymus is fully developed at birth.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 21

Questão
Where are B cells developed mainly for primates and rodents.
Responda
  • Bone Marrow
  • ileal peyer's patches
  • bursa
  • appendix

Questão 22

Questão
When is the Peyer's patch in the ileum involuted by
Responda
  • 12 mo
  • 11 mo
  • at birth
  • 15 mo

Questão 23

Questão
When is the discontinuous jejunal peyer's patch involuted by?
Responda
  • 15 mo
  • at birth
  • it isn't - it is life long
  • 11 mo

Questão 24

Questão
What is the role of the bursa
Responda
  • generate BcR diversity
  • MHC expression
  • positive selection

Questão 25

Questão
What occurs within the cortex of the Bursa
Responda
  • stromal cells present self-antigens on surface receptors to B cells
  • negative selection of self reactive B cells
  • B cell proliferation and rearrangement of genes occurs

Questão 26

Questão
In the [blank_start]medulla[blank_end] of the bursa, stromal cells present [blank_start]self-antigens[blank_end] on the surface receptors (sIgM) to B cells. [blank_start]Negative[blank_end] selection occurs when B cells are [blank_start]self reactive[blank_end].
Responda
  • medulla
  • self-antigens
  • Negative
  • self reactive

Questão 27

Questão
Effects of bursectomy or removal of ileal peyer's patch
Responda
  • total lymphocyte pool would slightly decrease
  • humoral immunity (antibody concentration markedly altered)
  • there would be no circulating T-lymphocytes
  • dendritic cells in tissues would decrease

Questão 28

Questão
Lymphocyte cones each have the same specificity for epitopes because there is not diverse set of genes.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
What is gene rearrangement in primary or central organs unique to?
Responda
  • innate immune system
  • adaptive immune system
  • vertebrates
  • invertebrate

Questão 30

Questão
the insertion of upstream DNA or the addition of gene rearrangement (occurs in the bursa or its species equivalent -ileal peyer's patch-)
Responda
  • gene interconversion
  • gene mutation
  • gene conversion
  • gene morphing

Questão 31

Questão
Somatic hypermutation only happens to [blank_start]B cells[blank_end]. It is a [blank_start]point[blank_end] mutation that occurs in the [blank_start]germinal[blank_end] centers during [blank_start]antigen[blank_end] exposure.
Responda
  • B cells
  • point
  • germinal
  • antigen

Questão 32

Questão
What do each of the letters stand for when it comes to receptor chain regions (gene segments) V- [blank_start]variable[blank_end] D- [blank_start]diverse[blank_end] J- [blank_start]junctional[blank_end] c- [blank_start]constant[blank_end]
Responda
  • variable
  • diverse
  • junctional
  • constant

Questão 33

Questão
B cell receptor chains [blank_start]light[blank_end] - VJC [blank_start]heavy[blank_end] - VDJC T-cell receptors chain pairs Gamma and Delta [blank_start]Gamma[blank_end] - VJC [blank_start]delta[blank_end]- VDJC Alpha and Beta [blank_start]Alpha[blank_end]- VJC [blank_start]Beta[blank_end] - VDJC
Responda
  • light
  • heavy
  • Gamma
  • delta
  • Alpha
  • Beta

Questão 34

Questão
When does receptor gene rearrangement occur in each lymphocyte?
Responda
  • during the mutation process
  • during the selection process
  • during the migration process
  • after each lymphocyte leaves and enters circulation

Questão 35

Questão
Receptor gene rearrangement is a random process (like shuffling cards).
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
RAG or [blank_start]recombination[blank_end] [blank_start]activating[blank_end] [blank_start]gene[blank_end] 1 and 2, is a gene that initiates [blank_start]VDJ[blank_end] recombination.
Responda
  • recombination
  • activating
  • gene
  • VDJ

Questão 37

Questão
Which of the following are members of the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair?
Responda
  • RAG 1
  • TdT polymerase
  • Artemis
  • DNA dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)

Questão 38

Questão
Which B cell chain rearranges first? (heavy or light)
Responda
  • heavy
  • light

Questão 39

Questão
The B cell gets a few tries to rearrange its heavy chain.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
Which gene loops out a segment of DNA to be broken from the main segment for use in recombination?
Responda
  • RAG
  • TdT
  • Artemis

Questão 41

Questão
RAG knows where to cut because the gene sequence has [blank_start]recombinase[blank_end] [blank_start]signaling[blank_end] [blank_start]sequences[blank_end] flanked by the [blank_start]VDJ[blank_end] gene segments.
Responda
  • recombinase
  • signaling
  • sequences
  • VDJ

Questão 42

Questão
[blank_start]12[blank_end] base pairs make about [blank_start]1[blank_end] turn of the DNA helix. [blank_start]23[blank_end] base pairs make about [blank_start]2[blank_end] turns of the DNA helix.
Responda
  • 12
  • 1
  • 23
  • 2

Questão 43

Questão
The region begin targeted by RAG is flanked first by the conserved [blank_start]heptamer[blank_end] region, then comes the [blank_start]spacer[blank_end] region (which is removed for the [blank_start]helix[blank_end]), and finally the conserve [blank_start]nonamer[blank_end] region.
Responda
  • heptamer
  • spacer
  • helix
  • nonamer

Questão 44

Questão
[blank_start]chemotaxis[blank_end]: movement of a cell in response to a chemical stimuli [blank_start]chemokine[blank_end]: a family of cytokines with the ability to induce direct chemotaxis [blank_start]integrins[blank_end]: transmembrane cell adhesion proteins and signaling receptors (ex CD11b/CD18)
Responda
  • chemotaxis
  • chemokine
  • integrins

Questão 45

Questão
CCR7 is the [blank_start]T[blank_end] cell receptor that interacts with the chemokine receptor for chemokines CCL[blank_start]19[blank_end] and CCL[blank_start]21[blank_end] which are both crucial for T-cell trafficking.
Responda
  • T
  • 19
  • 21

Questão 46

Questão
CXCR5 is a [blank_start]B[blank_end] cell receptor that interacts with the chemokine CXCL[blank_start]13[blank_end] to traffic B cells.
Responda
  • B
  • 13

Questão 47

Questão
[blank_start]Dendritic[blank_end] cells take up bacterial [blank_start]antigens[blank_end] in the skin (at the site of infiltration) and then move to enter a draining lymphatic vessels using [blank_start]chemokines[blank_end] to migrate. Antigen bearing dendritic cells enter the draining lymph nodes, where they settle in the [blank_start]T-cell[blank_end] areas.
Responda
  • Dendritic
  • antigens
  • chemokines
  • T-cell

Questão 48

Questão
Where do CCR7 naive and memory T-cells migrate.
Responda
  • LN follicle
  • Cortex
  • Paracortex

Questão 49

Questão
Where do CXCR5 presenting B-cells migrate?
Responda
  • paracortex
  • cortex
  • LN follicle

Questão 50

Questão
Where do CCR7 presenting dendritic cells migrate.
Responda
  • paracortex
  • LN follicle
  • cortex

Questão 51

Questão
Which chemokines do dendritic cells use to migrate through tissues (3)
Responda
  • CCL19
  • CCL21
  • CXCL13
  • CXCL12

Questão 52

Questão
Hemolymph nodes contain B cells in cortex and T-cells at the center. They also have gamma/delta T cells.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 53

Questão
function of splenic red pulp
Responda
  • filters blood
  • filters lymph
  • removes aged blood cells and immune complex coated cells by macrophages in sinus the red pulp
  • salvage iron and bilirubin from red blood cells

Questão 54

Questão
Functions of splenic white pulp
Responda
  • marginal zones - macrophage APC
  • follicles - B lymphocytes reside
  • periarteriolar sheath (PALS) - t cells
  • no high endothelial venules

Questão 55

Questão
The [blank_start]sinusoidal[blank_end] type of spleen has an abundance of venous sinuses which store large amounts of blood for quick release. It common in horses, dogs, and humans. The [blank_start]nonsinusoidal[blank_end] type of spleen has poorly developed sinuses. It is most prominent in cats and ruminants.
Responda
  • sinusoidal
  • nonsinusoidal
  • nonsinusoidal
  • sinusoidal

Questão 56

Questão
The spleen does not contract and the smooth muscle located around the ellipsoid capillary is used to control in and out flow.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 57

Questão
Bone marrow can act as a secondary lymphoid organ by memory cell colonization, and a release of large quantities of antibodies in rodents and other species when a large dose of antigen is encountered.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 58

Questão
label this image
Image:
Capture 3 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • pluripotent stem cell
  • common lymphoid
  • NK
  • T
  • B
  • myeloid
  • megakaryocyte / erythroid
  • eruthrocytes
  • Platelets
  • megakaryocyte
  • granulocyte / macrophage
  • monocyte
  • neutrophil
  • eosinophil
  • basophil

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