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Ethics Exam 4

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Philosophy Quiz sobre Ethics Exam 4, criado por Emily Edmonds em 24-04-2018.
Emily Edmonds
Quiz por Emily Edmonds, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Emily Edmonds
Criado por Emily Edmonds mais de 6 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Which of the following is NOT a formulation of Kant’s Categorical Imperative?
Responda
  • The greatest happiness formulation
  • The universal law formulation
  • The formula of humanity
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 2

Questão
The role of reason, according to Kant, is
Responda
  • To find the means to happiness
  • To find the means to pleasure
  • To serve the passions
  • To perfect a goodwill
  • None of the above

Questão 3

Questão
According to Kant, it is not the _ the action, but, rather, the _ the action that determines the rightness or wrongness of an action
Responda
  • Intention behind - happiness produced
  • Pleasure produced - happiness produced
  • Consequences of - intention behind
  • Intention behind - consequences of
  • None of the above

Questão 4

Questão
According to Singer, eating the meat of non-human animals would be morally justifiable if
Responda
  • Animals would consent to it
  • Doing so would result in more pleasure and less pain than not doing so
  • Doing so was in line with the categorical imperative
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 5

Questão
The moral law, according to Kant, is
Responda
  • The law of reason
  • The categorical imperative
  • The law that rational beings freely give to themselves
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 6

Questão
Because desert is central to Kant’s retributivist justification of punishment, he argues that punishment must always be __ the crime
Responda
  • Harsher than
  • Indifferent to
  • Proportional to
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 7

Questão
According to the first formulation of the categorical imperative (the universal law formulation)
Responda
  • We should try to maximize happiness
  • We should always treat people as ends in themselves
  • Never treat people as mere means
  • Never act on maxims that cannot be accepted by all rat agents
  • B and c

Questão 8

Questão
Which of the following labels is appropriate for Kant’s moral philosophy?
Responda
  • Utilitatian
  • Teleological
  • Consequentialist
  • Empiricist
  • None of the above

Questão 9

Questão
According to Kant, freedom is
Responda
  • The ability to satisfy one’s desires
  • The ability to maximize happiness
  • Just another word for “nothing left to lose”
  • The ability to act for the sake of the moral law
  • None of the above

Questão 10

Questão
According to Singer, the principle of equality requires
Responda
  • Treating people as ends in themselves
  • Never treating people as mere means
  • Equal treatment for all members of the moral community
  • Never discounting arbitrarily the interests of any members of the moral community
  • None of the above

Questão 11

Questão
Kant’s moral theory is
Responda
  • utilitarian
  • empirical
  • deontological
  • consequentialist
  • Teleological

Questão 12

Questão
Speciesism is
Responda
  • A version of utilitarianism that says we should maximize good for one species
  • A version of deontology that says only members of one species can act rationally
  • A version of virtue ethics that says only members of our species can be virtuous
  • A prejudice or attitude of bias toward the interests of the members of one’s own species
  • None of the above

Questão 13

Questão
The moral law is different from the law of nature, according to Kant, is that
Responda
  • The moral law only applies to rational beings
  • The moral law is a law that we feely give to ourselves
  • The moral law is a law we can freely choose to act on
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 14

Questão
We determine the intention with which a person acts by specifying __
Responda
  • The maxim for which s/he acted
  • The consequences of the action
  • The person's character
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 15

Questão
Duties whose conditions of application are discretionary are called
Responda
  • Indirect
  • Indiscrete
  • Immoral
  • Imperfect
  • None of above

Questão 16

Questão
According to Kant things can be used as mere means to our ends, but people can't because
Responda
  • People are ineffective means to one’s ends
  • When people find out they have been used in this way they'll do the same to use
  • Unlike things, people have dignity
  • People are not that gullible
  • None of the above

Questão 17

Questão
An imperfect duty can be derived from Kant’s first formulation of the Categorical Imperative (universal law formation) by showing that
Responda
  • The action in question treats a person as a mere means
  • The action in question fails to treat people as ends in themselves
  • The maxim of the action generates a contradiction in conception when we attempt to universalize it
  • The maxim of the action generates a contradiction in will when we attempt to universalize it
  • None of the above

Questão 18

Questão
Which of the following descriptions of being motivated to do charity work does NOT reveal that an agent has a goodwill, according to Kant
Responda
  • Being motivated to do charity work for the sake of duty
  • Being motivated to do charity work out of respect for the moral law
  • Being motivated to do charity work because of a natural inclination to help people
  • Being motivated to do charity work from reason alone
  • None of the above

Questão 19

Questão
A hypothetical imperative is
Responda
  • A dictate of reason
  • Only binding on us if we have certain ends
  • Binding on all rational agents regardless of their particular ends
  • A and b
  • A and c

Questão 20

Questão
A categorical imperative is
Responda
  • A dictate of reason
  • Only binding on us if we have certain ends
  • Binding on all rational agents regardless of their particular ends
  • A and b
  • A and c

Questão 21

Questão
All beings with interests are members of the moral community, according to Singer. And, he argues that the basic requirement for having interests is
Responda
  • rationality
  • sentience
  • virtue
  • Being human
  • Speaking a language

Questão 22

Questão
Prohibitions (or restrictions) on acting in certain ways regardless of the consequences (good or bad) are called
Responda
  • Indirect duties
  • Utilitarian calculations
  • Imperfect duties
  • Hypothetical imperatives
  • Deontological constraints

Questão 23

Questão
According to Kant, actions that have moral worth
Responda
  • Maximize happiness
  • Are motivated by respect for the moral law
  • Reveal a good will
  • All of the above
  • B and a

Questão 24

Questão
Which of the following is NOT a utilitarian justification for the social/legal practice of punishment?
Responda
  • It deters would be criminal from com crime
  • It gives criminals what they deserve
  • Provides comfort to victims and their families/friends
  • It rehabilitates certain criminal
  • Protects society from dangerous criminals

Questão 25

Questão
According to Kant, acting morally is not about aiming at some independently specificable good or goal (eg happ understood as pleaser and the absences of pain) but rather a matter of respecting our duties as rational being. This is another way of saying that Kant’s moral theory is ___ but rather ___.
Responda
  • Empiricist - rationalist
  • Consequentialist - intentionalist
  • Teleological - deontological
  • Utilitarian - virtue ethical
  • None of the above

Questão 26

Questão
According to Kant, an attempt to universalize the maxim “making a lying promise to get out of financial difficulty” leads to a contradiction in conception
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 27

Questão
The goodwill, according to Kant, is the only thing good without qualification
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 28

Questão
Kant agrees with Hume that the only source of motivation is natural inclination
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
According to Kant, we determine the rightness or wrongness of an action by appealing to empirical evidence (experience)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
According to Kant, being free is being able to satisfy all your wants (natural inclinations)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
Kant’s second formula of the Categorical Imperative (the formulation of humanity) yields a perfect duty not to perform a given action if performing that action would be to treat people as a mere means
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 32

Questão
Kant argues that our intentions in acting are irrelevant in determining whether or not our actions are right or wrong
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
All beings that are sentient have interests and therefore are members of the MC, according to Singer
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 34

Questão
According to Kant, only rational being are members of the MC
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 35

Questão
According to Kant, it is never morally acceptable to treat a person as a mere means, even if overall happiness would be increased
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
Singer argues in favor of the view that it is never justified to perform experiments on animals
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 37

Questão
According to Kant, respect for the moral law is a kind of natural inclination
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 38

Questão
According to Kant, non-human animals are members of the MC and we therefore have a direct duty not to mistreat them
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 39

Questão
The moral law is binding on all rational being regardless of what their particular ends are
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
Only geniuses can figure out what the moral law requires of us, according to Kant
Responda
  • True
  • False

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