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W8 Psychological disorders

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HPS775 (Week 08: Psychological disorders) Quiz sobre W8 Psychological disorders, criado por wadey em 11-10-2014.
wadey
Quiz por wadey, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por wadey quase 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
A study found that depressed people showed an increased response to facial expressions of fear and a decreased response to happy expressions
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 2

Questão
Depression is more common in men than women
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 3

Questão
Most depressed people have decreased activity in the left and increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 4

Questão
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors normally inhibit reuptake of serotonin
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 5

Questão
Antidepressant drugs have effects at the synapse within hours, but may take weeks to change behaviour
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 6

Questão
Bipolar II disorder is a more severe form of mania than bipolar I disorder
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 7

Questão
Generally speaking, dopamine and glutamate have opposite effects in the prefrontal cortex
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 8

Questão
Atypical antipsychotics are effective in treating only the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 9

Questão
Schizophrenia is a one-gene disorder and a one-neurotransmitter disorder
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
The differences between ordinary and major depression depend on:
Responda
  • Intensity and duration
  • When they occur in one's lifespan
  • Geographic location and gender
  • Society and diet

Questão 11

Questão
On average, those with the short form of the _____ gene and a history of stressful experiences reported more than averages symptoms of depression
Responda
  • Dopamine
  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin
  • Calcium

Questão 12

Questão
Which of the following MOST strongly increases your risk of depression?
Responda
  • Relatives with late-onset depression
  • Relatives with early-onset depression
  • Spending time with a depressed person (regardless of being related)
  • Living in South America

Questão 13

Questão
SSRIs work similarly to:
Responda
  • MAOIs
  • Tricyclics
  • Antabuse
  • L-Dopa

Questão 14

Questão
In contrast to tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs):
Responda
  • Increase action potential velocity
  • Block reuptake of both catecholamines and serotonin
  • Block the reuptake of only serotonin
  • Act on the left hemisphere while tricyclics act on the right

Questão 15

Questão
When ECT proved to be ineffective for schizophrenia, it was:
Responda
  • Used to enhance memory
  • Abandoned as a means of treatment for psychiatric disorders
  • Used to stimulate the immune system
  • Used to treat other mental illnesses

Questão 16

Questão
The cheapest and simplest antidepressant procedure is:
Responda
  • Food deprivation
  • Sleep deprivation
  • Massage
  • Regular non-strenuous exercise

Questão 17

Questão
Someone with bipolar disorder alternates between:
Responda
  • Mania and normal
  • Schizophrenia and normal
  • Depression and dementia
  • Mania and depression

Questão 18

Questão
Lithium is most commonly prescribed for which disorder?
Responda
  • Endogenous depression
  • Seasonal affective disorder
  • Reactive depression
  • Bipolar disorder

Questão 19

Questão
People suffering from seasonal affective disorder are most likely to become depressed in the:
Responda
  • Autumn
  • Days after any holiday
  • Winter
  • Spring

Questão 20

Questão
Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of schizophrenia?
Responda
  • Delusions
  • Deterioration of everyday functioning
  • Impaired understanding of abstract concepts
  • Alternation between one personality and another

Questão 21

Questão
An example of a "negative symptom" of schizophrenia is:
Responda
  • Poor emotional expression
  • Hallucinations
  • Delusions
  • Thought disorder

Questão 22

Questão
A first diagnosis of schizophrenia is usually made for a person in which age range?
Responda
  • 20s
  • Preteens
  • 30s or 40s
  • 50s or beyond

Questão 23

Questão
Which of the following increases the probability that someone will develop schizophrenia?
Responda
  • Having at least one older brother
  • Having an older than average father
  • Being the only child in the family
  • Having a mother who is older than the father

Questão 24

Questão
Concerning the genetics of schizophrenia, which of these currently seems most likely?
Responda
  • Most cases are due to a single gene, but researchers have not found that gene
  • Most cases can be traced to a single gene, which has been identified
  • Schizophrenia requires a combination of two uncommon genes
  • Schizophrenia often results from a new micro deletion of part of a chromosome

Questão 25

Questão
Brain damage common to schizophrenia includes:
Responda
  • Proliferation of glial cells
  • Larger than normal cerebral ventricles
  • Loss of axons between the substantial nigra and the basal ganglia
  • Heavier forebrain

Questão 26

Questão
According to the dopamine hypothesis, what causes schizophrenia?
Responda
  • Deficient activity at dopamine synapses
  • Excessive activity at dopamine synapses
  • An unusual point of origin for dopamine fibres in the brain
  • An unusual course and destination of dopamine fibres in the brain

Questão 27

Questão
An alternative to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia is the proposal that schizophrenia may be due to a deficiency of activity of _____ synapses.
Responda
  • Glutamate
  • Serotonin
  • Substance P
  • Acetylcholine

Questão 28

Questão
A serious side effect that develops in some people after prolonged use of neuroleptic drugs is:
Responda
  • Attention deficit disorder
  • Tardive dyskinesia
  • Saccadic eye movements
  • Seasonal affective disorder

Questão 29

Questão
What kind of drug alleviates schizophrenia with little risk of producing tardive dyskinesia
Responda
  • Atypical antipsychotics
  • Neuroleptics
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
  • Lithium

Questão 30

Questão
The difference between ordinary and major depression depends on:
Responda
  • When they occur in one's lifetime
  • Intensity and duration
  • Geographic location and gender
  • Society and diet

Questão 31

Questão
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of depression?
Responda
  • Impulsiveness
  • Sleep disorders
  • Inactivity
  • Suicidal tendencies

Questão 32

Questão
Major depression is diagnosed about _____ in women as in men
Responda
  • Four times as often
  • The same
  • Three times as often
  • Twice as often

Questão 33

Questão
Which of the following is true of depression?
Responda
  • A single gene has been identified that causes depression
  • Men are more likely to be depressed than women
  • The influence of traumatic events during young adulthood depends on particular genes for serotonin
  • Female hormone levels are strongly correlated with depression

Questão 34

Questão
Most depressed people show _____ activity in the _____ prefrontal cortex
Responda
  • Increased ; left
  • Decreased; left
  • Decreased; right
  • Increased; right and left

Questão 35

Questão
Tricyclic drugs work by:
Responda
  • Blocking the release of catecholamines
  • Preventing the presynaptic cell from reabsorbing catecholamines
  • Directly stimulating the postsynaptic cell's catecholamines receptors
  • Increasing the rate of synthesis of catecholamines

Questão 36

Questão
Which category of antidepressant drug operates by blocking the enzyme that metabolises catecholamines and serotonins into inactive forms?
Responda
  • Tricyclics
  • MAOIs
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
  • Atypical antidepressants

Questão 37

Questão
Electroconvulsive shock therapy is sometimes recommended for patients with strong suicidal tendencies because it:
Responda
  • Produces its benefits faster
  • Does not impair memory
  • Produces permanent, not temporary relief
  • Is based on a theory, not just trial and error disoceries

Questão 38

Questão
People with unipolar disorder are characterised by:
Responda
  • Obsessions and compulsions
  • Varying between depression and mania
  • Varying between depression and a normal mood
  • Chemical imbalances in one half of their brain

Questão 39

Questão
Someone with bipolar disorder alternates between:
Responda
  • Schizophrenia and normal
  • Mania and normal
  • Depression and dementia
  • Mania and depression

Questão 40

Questão
Lithium is most commonly prescribed for which disorder
Responda
  • Seasonal affective disorder
  • Endogenous depression
  • Reactive depression
  • Bipolar disorder

Questão 41

Questão
Someone with deterioration of everyday functioning and hallucinations or delusions or thought disorders would likely to be classified as having which disorder?
Responda
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Attention deficit disorder
  • Klinefelter's syndrome

Questão 42

Questão
Acute schizophrenia has
Responda
  • Slow onset and a long-term course
  • Sudden onset and good prospects for recovery
  • Alternation between positive and negative symptoms
  • A mixture of positive and negative symptoms simultaneously

Questão 43

Questão
A schizophrenic patient whose main symptoms are lack of emotional expression, lack of social interaction, and lack of speech is suffering from:
Responda
  • Positive symptoms
  • Negative symptoms
  • Thought disorders
  • Delusions

Questão 44

Questão
Cell bodies in the brains of people with schizophrenia are especially smaller than normal in the:
Responda
  • Hippocampus and hypothalamus
  • Thalamus and hypothalamus
  • Hippocampus and prefrontal cortex
  • Medulla and pons

Questão 45

Questão
Why is blocking dopamine synapses to relieve schizophrenic symptoms not a strong clue about the underlying problem?
Responda
  • It only works for about 10-15% of all patients
  • It takes 2-3 weeks to affect a behavioural change
  • It only works for about 2-3 weeks
  • People with schizophrenia produce too much dopamine

Questão 46

Questão
Imipramine operates by blocking the reuptake of catecholamines and serotonin by presynaptic terminals. This drug will be classified as a/an:
Responda
  • a. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
  • b. Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
  • c. Tricyclic
  • d. Benzodiazepine

Questão 47

Questão
Nardil operates by blocking the enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms. This drug will be classified as a/an:
Responda
  • a. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
  • b. Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
  • c. Tricyclic
  • d. Benzodiazepine

Questão 48

Questão
Prozac operates by blocking the reuptake of serotonin. This drug will be classified as a/an:
Responda
  • a. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
  • b. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
  • c. Tricyclic
  • d. Benzodiazepine

Questão 49

Questão
Sam is suffering from periods of restless activity, excitement, laughter, self-confidence, rambling speech and loss of inhibitions; which alternate with periods of depression.
Responda
  • Schizophrenia
  • Depression
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Anxiety

Questão 50

Questão
People with full-blown episodes of mania are said to have:
Responda
  • a. Bipolar II
  • b. Bipolar I
  • c. Hypomania
  • d. ADHD

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