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psychology 101 unit 1 Study quiz 1

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Psychology Quiz sobre psychology 101 unit 1 Study quiz 1, criado por Ashley Berg em 18-09-2018.
Ashley Berg
Quiz por Ashley Berg, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Ashley Berg
Criado por Ashley Berg aproximadamente 6 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Wilhelm Wundt believed the focus of psychology should be
Responda
  • questioning the nature of existence
  • studying stimulus-response associations
  • determining people's unconscious motivation for behavior
  • examining people's awareness of their immediate experience

Questão 2

Questão
Dr. Lee is studying pain perception using a functionalist perspective. It is most likely that Dr. Le would suggest that we can only understand the conscious experience of pain
Responda
  • if all the component parts that make up the experience of pain are understood
  • by observing the outward expression of pain in response to different stimuli
  • if we first understand the role of pain in human survival and adaptation
  • if we understand the unconscious processes that initiate the sensation of pain

Questão 3

Questão
According to Sigmund Freud, and individual's personality is largely determined by
Responda
  • self-actualizing tendencies
  • forces in the environment
  • striving for superiority
  • forces in the unconcious

Questão 4

Questão
Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes, and they tend not to repeat responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes. These words would most likely have been said by
Responda
  • Wilhelm Wundt
  • William James
  • B. F. Skinner
  • Abraham Maslow

Questão 5

Questão
Manny tends to be very passive and allows people to take advantage of him. What would a humanist be most likely to say about Manny.
Responda
  • Manny will find it difficult to change because he probably has deep-seated feelings of inferiority.
  • Manny can become more assertive once he begins to feel better about himself.
  • Manny simply needs to take an assertiveness training class in which he can learn and practice assertive behaviors

Questão 6

Questão
Which of the following sounds LEAST like the work of an applied psychologist?
Responda
  • finding ways to teach learning disabled children
  • studying basic learning processes in rats
  • treating someone with a phobia
  • looking for ways to increase efficiency in an organization

Questão 7

Questão
The Human Genome Project invoves a large number of scientists who are trying to determine the biochemical nature of all the genes on each chromosome in the human body. These scientists come from a variety of areas, including, psychology. The psychologists working on this project are most likely
Responda
  • evolutionary psychologists
  • cross-cultural psychologists
  • behavioral psychologists
  • biological psychologist

Questão 8

Questão
Researchers in psychology have "to see it to believe it." This orientation is most consistent with
Responda
  • empiricism
  • structuralism
  • functionalism
  • humanism

Questão 9

Questão
A biopsychosocial approach to explaining your performance in a course would most likely focus on
Responda
  • personal factors more than situational factors
  • situational factors more than personal factors
  • both personal and situational factors
  • the relationship between you and your professor

Questão 10

Questão
Nature is to nurture as
Responda
  • experience is to environment
  • learning is to knowing
  • heredity is to environment
  • behavior is to doing

Questão 11

Questão
Dr. Malm predicts that if teachers ignore students who act up in class, fewer students will act up in class. Dr. Malm's prediction is an example of
Responda
  • an operational definition
  • a theory
  • inferential statistics
  • a hypothesis

Questão 12

Questão
An operational definition
Responda
  • describes the actions and procedures used to measure or control a variable
  • separately defines each term used
  • provides a logical basis for each term
  • states relationships to other variables

Questão 13

Questão
The experiment is a research method in which the investigator
Responda
  • systematically observes two variables to see whether there is an association between them
  • observes behavior as it occurs in its natural environment
  • conducts an in-depth investigation of an individual subject
  • manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result

Questão 14

Questão
Researchers who were studying plant growth raised plants in two separate rooms. One room had taped conversations playing 24 hours a day; the other room was silent. The researchers found that the plants grew better in the room which had the conversations playing. In this study, the type of room (conversation or silence) would be
Responda
  • the dependent variable
  • an extraneous variable
  • a placebo
  • the independent variable

Questão 15

Questão
A group of researchers wants to determine if people are more likely to follow directions if the person giving the directions is in a uniform. Half the participants are directed to a parking spot by a uniformed security guard, the other half are directed to a parking spot by an individual wearing blue jeans and a t-shirt. In this study the dependent variable would be
Responda
  • the number of participants who park in the spot they are directed to
  • the type of clothing worn by the person giving the directions
  • the gender of the person driving into the parking lot
  • The distance between the parking spot and the entrance

Questão 16

Questão
Psychologists see the study of ________ as an attempt to account for the individuality of the human mind
Responda
  • personality
  • nurture
  • character
  • motivation

Questão 17

Questão
The unique and relatively stable ways in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels is called _______.
Responda
  • personality
  • nurture
  • a trait
  • nature

Questão 18

Questão
The question of whether people's behviors can best be predicted by individual personality traits or external circumstances is called the _______ debate
Responda
  • internalization=-externalization
  • unidirctional-bidirctional
  • nature-nurture
  • person-situation

Questão 19

Questão
Freud believed that the _____ was the most important determining factor in human behavior and personality
Responda
  • id
  • preconscious mind
  • manifest awareness
  • unconscious mind

Questão 20

Questão
Jay is an executive with a large financial firm. Any time his investments do poorly, he throws temper tantrums and breaks things. The he starts barking orders at hes secretary. Which personality structure would Freud say is exerting control?
Responda
  • id
  • superego
  • ego
  • preconscious

Questão 21

Questão
You are quite hungry but don't have any money. If you were described as "all id and only id" what would you do?
Responda
  • distract yourself with images of food
  • steal a hotdog from the vendor on the corner
  • run all the way home to get something to eat as soon as possible
  • use the defense mechanism of denial to thwart the hunger pangs until an appropriate meal can be obtained

Questão 22

Questão
There were three friends. Maybe you've heard of them! Harry was rational, logical and cunning. Hermione was rule oriented, moral, and always ethical. Ron was pleasure seeking, found it hard to delay gratification, and usually just did what he wanted. According to Freud, Ron was mostly ______.
Responda
  • id
  • ego
  • superego
  • libido

Questão 23

Questão
In the metaphor the angel, the devil, and me, the angel is the _______.
Responda
  • id
  • ego
  • superego
  • unconscious

Questão 24

Questão
A personality that consisted of only the go and the id would be completely______.
Responda
  • illogical
  • selfless
  • rational
  • amoral

Questão 25

Questão
The job of the ______ is to find practical ways for the _____ to get its pleasure needs met without offending the morality of the ______.
Responda
  • id; ego; superego
  • ego; id; superego
  • ego; superego; id
  • superego; id; ego

Questão 26

Questão
Many have compared Freud's idea of the mind to an iceberg. If that were the case and you were standing on the deck of a ship in Alaska, what part of the mind would you see above the water?
Responda
  • ego
  • superego
  • id
  • preconscious

Questão 27

Questão
Carolyn took home some printer paper from the office. Later, she felt guilty for stealing it so she brought some paper to work to replace what she took. Freud would suggest that Carolyn's ________ was responsible for making her feel bad over what she did
Responda
  • id
  • unconscious mind
  • ego
  • superego

Questão 28

Questão
Jeromy has been having an affair with anther woman. On afternoon his wife cam home later that usual and Jeromy became angry, accusing his wife of infidelity. Which defense mechanism is behind Jeromy's accusations?
Responda
  • denial
  • projection
  • rationalization
  • reaction formation

Questão 29

Questão
What is the correct sequence of Freud's psychosexual stage?
Responda
  • latency, anal, oral, genital, phalic
  • oral, genital, latency, phallic, anal
  • anal, oral, latency, phallic, genital
  • oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Questão 30

Questão
Carl Jung's term for the part of our personality that Freud referred to as the unconscious was the ________
Responda
  • personal unconscious
  • archetype
  • collective unconscious
  • animus

Questão 31

Questão
The neo-Freudian, Carl Jung, suggested the existence of a collective unconscious that contains images shared by all people. These images are what he called _______.
Responda
  • schemas
  • paradigms
  • archetypes
  • prototypes

Questão 32

Questão
The _________ perspective of personality was a direct reaction against the negative view that the psychoanalytic perspective had of human beings.
Responda
  • humanistic
  • trait
  • projective
  • inventory

Questão 33

Questão
Jerod has saved plenty of money and has a lucrative business that he enjoys. He likes to volunteer his time in the community and enjoys the company of other- but still saves time to be alone. One of his favorite things to do in the evening is sit outside and watch the sunset. Maslow might suggest that Jerod is ________.
Responda
  • retired
  • experiencing a superiority conplex
  • self-actualizing
  • emotionally conditioned

Questão 34

Questão
According to Carl Rogers, anxiety and distress occur when ________.
Responda
  • a person has low self-esteem
  • there is matching between the actual self and ideal self
  • there is a descrepancy between the real self and ideal self
  • the individual receives to much unconditional positive regard

Questão 35

Questão
According to Rogers, which of the following people is MOST likely to become a fully functioning person?
Responda
  • someone with a strongly developed superego
  • someone with an extraverted personality
  • someone brought up with conditional positive regard
  • someone brought up with unconditional positive regard

Questão 36

Questão
What is Albert Bandura's term for the relationship among the three factors that influence personality?
Responda
  • feedback loops
  • learned responses
  • reciprocal determinism
  • external expectancies

Questão 37

Questão
What are the Big Five personality traits?
Responda
  • conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness, extroversion, dominance
  • openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism
  • sensation seeking, conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness, dominance
  • neuroticism, psychoticism, extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness

Questão 38

Questão
Ted is friendly, loves to tell jokes at parties, and is perceived by others as warm and considerate. On which two of the Big Five traits would you expect Ted to obtain high scores?
Responda
  • agreeableness and extraversion
  • extraversion and conscientiousness
  • neuroticism and openness to experience
  • openness to experience and concientiousness

Questão 39

Questão
One limitation of the trait perspective compared to the other perspectives is there is not much _________
Responda
  • description
  • research
  • material
  • explanation

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