1559786
Descrição
Quiz por Laurel McLaughlin, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Laurel McLaughlin
mais de 9 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
A harmless fly develops colouration that makes it look like a poisonous wasp. This is an example of:
Image:
batesian_mimicry (image/jpg)
Responda
-
Mullerian mimicry
-
Batesian mimicry
-
competitive avoidance
-
character displacement
Questão 2
Questão
Which of the following interspecific interaction is NOT +/–?
Responda
-
competition
-
predation
-
herbivory
-
parasitism
Questão 3
Questão
Allopatric species that use similar resources are likely to display character displacement.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 4
Questão
Which of the following is the BEST example of a biological COMMUNITY?
Responda
-
black bears in British Columbia and OntarioImage:black-bears (image/jpg)
-
polar bears, seals and fish in Western Hudson BayImage:polar-bears (image/jpg)
-
a group of zebra mussels in a lakeImage:zebra-mussels (image/jpg)
-
none of the above
Questão 5
Questão
A prey species starts producing a toxin in its skin after exposure to a predator. The toxin was not present until the predator arrives. This is an example of:
Responda
-
a constitutive defence
-
a standing defence
-
aposematic colouration
-
an inducible defence
Questão 6
Questão
Three species of poisonous frogs have very similar colouration. This is an example of:
Responda
-
Batesian mimicry
-
Mullerian mimicry
-
predator avoidance
-
colouration mimicry
Questão 7
Questão
When two species compete, which of the following is a possible outcome?
Responda
-
competitive exclusion of one species
-
niche differentiation
-
character displacement
-
all of the above
Questão 8
Questão
Competitive exclusion often results from symmetric competition.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 9
Questão
Why don't herbivores eat all of the primary production on Earth?
Image:
herbivore (image/jpg)
Responda
-
herbivore populations are limited to available nitrogen
-
some plant tissues are toxic
-
herbivore populations are limited by predators
-
all of the above
Questão 10
Questão
Interspecific interaction between species (ie. parasitism, mutualism, competition) are constant. Once established, they do not change.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 11
Questão
Dominance by a few species is more likely in a less diverse community.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 12
Questão
All communities have dominant species.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 13
Questão
Species diversity has two components: 1) species richness; 2) relative abundance/evenness.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 14
Questão
Which community is most diverse? HINT: Read ‘25A’ as “25 individuals of Species A” and ‘25B’ as “25 individuals of Species B”, etc.
Responda
-
community 4: 25A, 25B, 25C
-
community 3: 25A, 20B, 50C, 5D
-
community 1: 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D
-
community 2: 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E
Questão 15
Questão
Which one of these curves is representative of the most diverse community?
Responda
-
Potash Brook
-
Snipe Island Brook
-
Centennial Brook
-
all are the same
Questão 16
Questão
Data on an individual species’ frequency, density, basal area and biomass could be used to calculate what quantity?
Responda
-
importance
-
Simpson's Index
-
richness
-
evenness
Questão 17
Questão
Which of the following statements about diversity indices is FALSE?
Responda
-
they incorporate data on both number of species and evenness of species
-
the Shannon Index gives more weight to rare species
-
evenness varies between 0 and 1
-
they do not account for dominant species
Questão 18
Questão
Keystone species influence community structure because they are always abundant.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 19
Questão
If the presence of a keystone predator increases diversity, it is likely preying on:
Responda
-
bioengineers
-
superior competitors
-
tolerant competitors
-
inferior competitors
Questão 20
Questão
Keystone species can affect their communities by:
Responda
-
affecting inter-species interaction
-
modifying habitat
-
affecting inter-community interactions
-
all of the above
Questão 21
Questão
In a three-step food chain subject to top-down control, you have fish that eat zooplankton that eat algae. What is likely to happen if the fish are removed?
Responda
-
algae abundance increases
-
zooplankton abundance decreases
-
algae abundance decreases
-
all of the above
Questão 22
Questão
You add fertilizer to an experimental plot. Plant growth increases, and you observe that the number of herbivores and carnivores increases. This is an example of:
Responda
-
bottom-up control
-
top-down control
-
the energetic hypothesis
-
omnivory
Questão 23
Questão
Several species of fish in a lake eat plankton. This group can be referred to as:
Responda
-
omnivores
-
a cohort
-
a guild
-
a feeding group
Questão 24
Questão
A species is fished out of a lake, and another species fills its niche and role in the food web. This is an example of:
Image:
fishing (image/jpg)
Responda
-
bottom-up control
-
functional redundancy
-
top-down control
-
facultative redundancy
Questão 25
Questão
Understanding how the decline of sea otters affected kelp forests in the Pacific leads us to conclude that:
Responda
-
sea otters are subject to density-independent factors
-
sea otters are bioengineers
-
sea otters are keystone prey
-
sea otters are keystone predators
Questão 26
Questão
If the intermediate disturbance hypothesis is true, communities that experience intermediate disturbance levels have:
Responda
-
shorter food chains
-
higher species diversity
-
more competitive exclusion
-
no slow-colonizing species
Questão 27
Questão
An early colonizing plant species modifies the soil environment such that larger vascular plants can colonize. This is an example of:
Responda
-
negative allelopathy
-
facilitation
-
tolerance
-
inhibition
Questão 28
Questão
In which of the following is competition used to explain successional patterns?
Responda
-
inhibition
-
tolerance
-
facilitation
-
both A and B
Questão 29
Questão
If the initial floristic composition hypothesis is true, we would expect community succession to:
Responda
-
end in a predictable, stable climax community
-
not depend on competition
-
be affected by which species arrive first
-
all of the above
Questão 30
Questão
In succession, species diversity always increases over time.
Image:
succession.gif (image/gif)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 31
Questão
Which of the following statements about the resource-ratio hypothesis is TRUE:
Responda
-
species that grow quickly are favoured throughout succession
-
availability of nutrients decreases over time
-
availability of light decreases over time
-
competition does not affect successional outcomes
Questão 32
Questão
A farmer cuts down part of a forest to make a field. The abrupt border between the forest and field is BEST characterized as:
Responda
-
an ecotone
-
a core area
-
an induced edge
-
an inherent edge
Questão 33
Questão
A farmer cuts down part of a forest to make a field, but plants species diversity remains constant for almost 10 years before deciding. This is BEST characterized as an example of:
Responda
-
matrix effects
-
a border effect
-
the relaxation effect
-
area-intensive species
Questão 34
Questão
Two species cannot coexist permanently in a community if their niches are identical.
Responda
- True
- False
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