Questão 1
Questão
The cardiac form of white muscle disease mainly affects
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Neonates
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Older horses
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Highly active horses
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Older males
Questão 2
Questão
A 3 month old foal is brought in to the clinic. It is dyspnoeic, has an irregular heart rate and its blood values come back with low glutathione peroxidase and selenium levels. This foal likely has
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following are released into the circulation with myocardial cell death and are indicators of myocarditis or myocardial necrosis?
Questão 4
Questão
In conventional ECG of horses, you typically put the positive electrode on the
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left apex
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right apex
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left base
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right base
Questão 5
Questão
In conventional ECG of horses, you typically put the negative electrode on the
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Left apex
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Left base
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Right apex
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Right base
Questão 6
Questão
Which type of atrioventricular block is always pathological?
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First degree
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Second degree
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Third degree
Questão 7
Questão
What is the most common pathological arrhythmia in horses?
Questão 8
Questão
Which type of AV block has P waves that are normal shaped, occur at the expected time but without associated QRS complexes?
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First degree AV block
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Second degree AV block
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Third degree AV block
Questão 9
Questão
What type of equine arrhythmia is this?
Questão 10
Questão
Which of the following does not typically initiate atrial fibrillation?
Questão 11
Questão
What type of cardiac rhythm would you expect with atrial fibrillation?
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Irregularly irregular
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Regularly irregular
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Regularly regular
Questão 12
Questão
What is not typically a characteristic of an ECG of atrial fibrillation?
Questão 13
Questão
Which of the following horses with atrial fibrillation would you prescribe quinidine sulphate for?
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an older, retired horse where atrial fibrillation is an incidental finding
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an active racehorse with exercise intolerance
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an older racehorse in early heart failure
Questão 14
Questão
Which of the following is FALSE regarding atrial premature contractions
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Normally occur during exercise
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Rarely require therapy as long as ventricular rate is also no increased
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Most are idiopathic
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The frequency increases in the recovery phase after strenuous exercise
Questão 15
Questão
What type of arrhythmia is shown in this ECG?
Questão 16
Questão
What is the drug of first choice under anaesthesia for ventricular arrhythmias?
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Magnesium sulphate
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Lidocaine
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Propanolol
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Procainamide