Questão 1
Questão
The compounds above is a(n)
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Phospholipid
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saturated fatty acid
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unsaturated fatty acid
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triglyceride
Questão 2
Questão
Phosphorus (P) has an atomic number of 15. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell?
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following is a polysaccharide found in plants used for storing energy?
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amylose
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amylopectin
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cellulose
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amylose and amylopectin
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all three
Questão 4
Questão
A covalent bond involves:
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a pair of electrons exchanged between atoms
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an electrostatic attraction between atoms
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the sharing of one or more protons between atoms
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the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms
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the exchange of one or more electrons between atoms
Questão 5
Questão
Unsaturated fatty acids are more likely to
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be liquid at room temperature
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be synthesized by animal cells
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be solid at room temperature
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contain more energy than saturated fatty acids
Questão 6
Questão
Which of the following functional groups tend to allow an organic compound to dissolve in water?
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hydroxyl
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methyl
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carbonyl
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hydroxyl and carbonyl
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all three
Questão 7
Questão
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as
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atomic mass
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molecular weight
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atomic weight
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atomic number
Questão 8
Questão
Water is a polar molecule because
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it readily forms ionic bonds with many different types of compounds
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its oxygen atom is electronegative, while the hydrogens are electropositive
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its two hydrogen bonds are equally attached to an oxygen
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it has a +2 negative charge
Questão 9
Questão
Methyl groups (CH3-R) are generally
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hydrophilic
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amphipathic
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polar
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hydrophobic
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charged
Questão 10
Questão
The breakdown of glycogen into glucose occurs by which of the following
Questão 11
Questão
Which of the following are functions of lipids?
Questão 12
Questão
A solution with a pH of 8 is more ________ than a solution with a pH of 5.
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acidic
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concentrated
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hydrophobic
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dense
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basic
Questão 13
Questão
A pH of 4 has a _____-fold greater hydrogen ion concentration than a pH of 6.
Questão 14
Questão
Using the periodic table of elements, which element is most likely to have properties similar to carbon?
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aluminum (Al)
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boron (B)
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phosphorus (P)
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silicon (Si)
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nitrogen (N)
Questão 15
Questão
In a polar covalent bond
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anions and cations are attracted to each other
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electrons are transferred between atoms
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when water becomes frozen
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there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
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water molecules attract each other
Questão 16
Questão
The energy of light can be temporarily stored in which component of an atom?
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protons
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photons
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neutrons
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electrons
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introns
Questão 17
Questão
The two nucleic acid strands of DNA are held together by
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glycosidic linkages
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covalent bonding between nitrogenous bases
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hydrogen bonding between sugar-phosphate residues
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hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases
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covalent binding between nucelotides
Questão 18
Questão
An acid added to water will
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decrease the hydrogen ion concentration
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decrease the hydroxide ion concentration
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increase the hydroxide concentration
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increase pH
Questão 19
Questão
Which bond contributes to the tertiary structure of a protein?
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ionic
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hydrogen
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glycosidic
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ionic and hydrogen
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all three
Questão 20
Questão
Water is pulled up into a tree due to
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hydrogen bonding between water molecules
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the cohesive and adhesive properties of water
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the fluidity of water at room temperature
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ionic bonding between water molecules
Questão 21
Questão
Which type of bond maintains the secondary structure of a protein
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disulfide bridges
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peptide bonds between two peptide subunits
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hydrogen bonding between two phospholipid subunits
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hydrogen bonding between an amino group of an amino acid and a carboxyl group of another amino acid
Questão 22
Questão
Amino acids within a peptide are covalently linked by peptide bonds between
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acidic and basic side chains
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carbonyl and amino groups
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carboxyl and amino groups
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polar and non-polar side chains
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polar side chains
Questão 23
Questão
Insulin protein is soluble in water. A good explanation for this property is
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that it does not have any secondary structure
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it contains disulfide bridges
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many of its amino acids have polar or charged side chains
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most of its amino acids are hydrophobic
Questão 24
Questão
Hydrogen bonds form between
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electropositive hydrogen atoms and an electronegative atom
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hydrogen atoms
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hydrogen atoms and any other atom
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hydrogen atoms that share a pair of electrons with another atom
Questão 25
Questão
Of the molecules listed below, which contains the most phosphorus?
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carbohydrates
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proteins
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fatty acids
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nucleic acids
Questão 26
Questão
Although cellulose is a polymer of glucose molecules, humans cannot use it as a source of energy. Why?
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cellulose is covered by a waxy coating protecting it from digestion
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cellulose is hydrophobic
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humans don't like the taste of cellulose
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the molecule is too large to be broken down by hydrolytic enzymes
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humans do not express specific enzymes to digest cellulose
Questão 27
Questão
All inert gases, such as neon (atomic number = 10) have which of the following in common?
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they have the same number of protons
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they have the same number of valence electrons
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their outer electron shell is completely filled
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they are all highly reactive
Questão 28
Questão
The ionic bond of NaCl arises from
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attraction of a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom
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transfer of an electron to the nucleus of another atom
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sharing of a pair of electrons
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the attraction between two anions
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an electrostatic attraction between two ions of opposite charge
Questão 29
Questão
The properties of an atom are determined by its
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ionic number
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atomic mass
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half-life
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mass number
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atomic number
Questão 30
Questão
When NaCl dissolves in water
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the entire molecule becomes surrounded by water
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each ion becomes surrounded by water
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the covalent bonds between sodium and chlorine atoms are broken
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entire molecule surrounded by water and each ion surrounded by water
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all three
Questão 31
Questão
Which of the functional groups above is a carboxyl?
Questão 32
Questão
Two compounds that are structural isomers
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have the same total mass
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have the same shape
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have the same names
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have the same properties
Questão 33
Questão
The tertiary structure of a protein is maintained by
Questão 34
Questão
Why does ice float?
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Non-uniform spacing of dissolved ions
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bubbles formed during freezing makes ice more buoyant
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hydrogen bonds forming between water molecules in ice creates crystal lattice structure that keeping the water molecules farther apart
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liquid water is translucent and ice is opaque
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ice contains impurities that keep water molecules away from each other and therefor less dense
Questão 35
Questão
Which of the following molecules is a major component of biological membranes?
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carbohydrates
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phospholipids
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fatty acids
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triglycerides
Questão 36
Questão
Phospholipids contain
Questão 37
Questão
If a sample of DNA is composed of 20% guanine, what is the percentage of thymine?
Questão 38
Questão
The side-chain of the amino acid shown above is
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non-polar, charged
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non-polar
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polar, uncharged
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polar, charged
Questão 39
Questão
Water acts as a solvent because
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it can dissolve any compound
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it can be surrounded by both non-polar molecules and ionic compounds
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it is liquid at room temperature
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it is a polar molecule
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it forms hydrogen bonds with itself
Questão 40
Questão
What kind of reaction is required to synthesize a polymer?
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anxiolytic
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hydrophobic
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dehydration
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hydrolytic
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anabolic
Questão 41
Responda
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is a positively charged atom
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is produced by a covalent bond
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is a negatively charged atom
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contains more neutrons than protons
Questão 42
Questão
A mutation that affects the primary structure of a protein, in turn, may affect
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the secondary structure of the protein
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the tertiary structure of a protein
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the quaternary structure of the protein
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secondary and tertiary
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all three
Questão 43
Questão
Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate?
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C18H9O18
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C10H12O10
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C4H8O4
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C24H2O24
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C1H3O6
Questão 44
Questão
Which of the following is not true regarding isomers?
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isomers have different shapes
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they have the same number of atoms
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they have the same chemical properties
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they may differ in how atoms are arranged across double bonds
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they have different properties
Questão 45
Questão
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) consists of a carbon atom with double covalent bonds to each oxygen. How many electron pairs are shared between a carbon and oxygen atom?
Questão 46
Questão
Which atoms, when covalently bonded to hydrogen, are generally electronegative?
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oxygen
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nitrogen
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sodium
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oxygen and nitrogen
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all three
Questão 47
Questão
An atom with an atomic number of 12 has how many electrons in its most outer shell?
Questão 48
Questão
Glycogen in animals and amylose in plants
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are disaccharides
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are polymers that store glucose
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cannot both be digested by humans
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are long chains of amino acids
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are hydrophobic compounds
Questão 49
Questão
Of the atoms in the first two rows of the periodic table, carbon atoms are unique because they
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have four valence electrons
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readily form polar covalent bonds with oxygen atoms
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are molecularly stable
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four valence electrons and molecularly stable
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all three
Questão 50
Questão
Which of the following are components of a nucleotide?
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polar and non-polar amino acids
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nitrogenous base and phosphate group and sugar
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glycerol and three fatty acids
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glycerol and two fatty acids and phosphate group