1854579
Descrição
Quiz por Corey Briffa, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Corey Briffa
quase 10 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Is this statement true?
The definition for synaptogenesis is; the formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system. Although it occurs throughout a healthy person's lifespan, an explosion of synapse formation occurs during early brain development, known as exuberant synaptogenesis.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 2
Questão
Show is a picture of a developing neural tube, what structure in the developed brain with occur from the central 'hole' within the neural tube?
Responda
-
Ventricles
-
Basal ganglia
-
Spinal Cord
-
Thalamus
Questão 3
Questão
In what type of division are Neuroepithelial (NE) cells said to divide?
Responda
-
Symmetrical
-
Non-symmetrical
-
Embryonic
-
Luminal
Questão 4
Questão
What is an outcome of a person who has not had the correct amount of Neuroepithelial divisions during neuronal development?
Responda
-
Microcephaly
-
Half a brain
-
It would not make a difference
-
Specific neurological deficits
Questão 5
Questão
What is the name given to the 'initial' non differentiated cell within the nervous system?
Responda
-
Progenitor cell
-
Stem cell
-
Initial cell
Questão 6
Questão
Tick all the box that correspond to a name of morphogen found within the brain during development
Responda
-
Sonic hedgehog
-
BMP
-
WNT
-
Neuregulins
-
Semaphorins
-
Reelin
Questão 7
Questão
Is this statement true?
Different types of cells found within the brain are programmed to follow different chemical signals, this allows them to move to the correct area of the brain. initiating transcription factors within the cells allowing them to develop into the required cell.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 8
Questão
In what area of the brain is Sonic Hedgehog found?
Responda
-
Ventral region
-
Dorsal Region
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Lateral region
Questão 9
Questão
What morphogens would you find in the dorsal region of a developing brain?
Responda
-
WNT
-
BMP
-
Reelin
-
Sonic Hedgehog
-
Semaphorins
Questão 10
Questão
Is this statement true?
The brain forms youngest cells on the inside and the oldest cells on the outside.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 11
Questão
Heterotopia is an X linked disease, which is only found in females, it is caused by the doublecortin protein which means the person will have double the cortex. What are the symptoms of such a disease?
Responda
-
Learning Difficulties
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Severe Epilepsy
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Still birth
-
Greater intelligence
Questão 12
Questão
What morphogen is key in forming the layering system found within the cerebral cortex?
Responda
-
Reelin
-
Sonic Hedgehog
-
WNT
-
BMP
Questão 13
Questão
Is this statement true?
Axons, dendrites and migrating neuroblasts rely on a part of their cells called 'filopodia' in order to guide them to the area they need to be.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 14
Questão
Synaptogenesis occurs when the filapodia reach the right location, What adhesion molecules stablise the contact between filopodia and passing axons?
Responda
-
Beta-neurexin
-
Neuroligin-1
-
Alpha-neurexin
-
Neuroligin-2
Questão 15
Questão
What will happen if the filopodia reaches an axon that is not complimentary?
Responda
-
The filopodia will retract
-
The filopodia will still bind, it just won't be active
-
binding still occurs and the neuron will still be active.
Questão 16
Questão
During synapses strengthening if the circuit is effective what receptor is activated and what does it allow to move into the cell?
Responda
-
NMDA receptor
-
Nicotinic receptor
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Calcium ions
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Potassium ions
Questão 17
Questão
Calcium ions moving into the axon allows what to happen?
Responda
-
Increases AMPA receptors on the cell surface
-
Increases the effectiveness of AMPA receptors (phosphorylation)
-
Causes actin cytoskeleton to grow and increase dendritic spine area and thus more space for AMPA receptors
-
Strengthens synpase
-
Weakens synpase
Questão 18
Questão
Is this statement true?
people born with ipsilateral sensory and motor pathways will have severe sensory and motor deficits.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 19
Questão
In what direction do Afferent neurones (Sensory neurones) carry information?
Responda
-
From the peripheral nervous system to the the CNS
-
From the CNS to the peripheral nervous system.
Questão 20
Questão
How does the central sulcus of the cortex divide function?
Responda
-
Motor in the front, Sensory in the back
-
Sensory in the front, motor in the back
Questão 21
Questão
What region of the brain controls personality and behaviour?
Responda
-
Prefrontal Cortex
-
Occipital lobe
-
Parietal Lobe
-
Frontal cortex
-
Basal ganglia
Questão 22
Questão
What is the name of the pathway that is in control of motor functions of the body?
Responda
-
Spinal Thalamic Tract
-
Cortico-spinal tract
-
Dorsal-column pathway
Questão 23
Questão
Is this statement true?
The thalamus is the 'gateway' to the cerebral cortex
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 24
Questão
what region of the cerebral cortex does the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus signal too?
Responda
-
Limbic cortex (emotion/memory)
-
Prefrontal cortex (Cognitive)
-
Motor and premotor cortex
Questão 25
Questão
What part of the cerebral cortex does the mediodorsal nuclear group relay too?
Responda
-
Limbic cortex
-
Prefrontal cortex (cognitive function)
-
Visual cortex
-
Primary sensory cortex
Questão 26
Questão
What area of the cortex do the medial and lateral geniculate bodies relay to? (Respectively)
Responda
-
Auditory cortex / Visual cortex
-
Visual cortex / Auditory cortex
Questão 27
Questão
What is the name of the part of the brain that is linked with dopamine release and therefore has been linked to Parkinson's disease?
Responda
-
Substantia nigra
-
Basal ganglia
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Caudate nucleus
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Crus Cerebri
Questão 28
Questão
What are the parts of the brain stem?
Responda
-
Medulla Oblongata
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Pon
-
Midbrain
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Olives
-
Thalamus
-
Dienchephalon
-
Cerebellum
Questão 29
Questão
In which part of the brain stem does 80% of the cortico-spinal tract decussate?
Responda
-
Pons
-
Medulla oblongata
-
Midbrain
Questão 30
Questão
is this statement true?
The corticospinal tract is particularly associated with finely-fractioned voluntary movements (e.g. control of the hands)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 31
Questão
In what part of the internal capsule do the efferent fibres of the cortico-spinal tract pass through?
Responda
-
Posterior
-
Anterior
-
Inferior
Questão 32
Questão
is this statement true?
The majority of the anterior corticospinal tract do not decussate?
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 33
Questão
Is this statement true?
A lesion affecting the posterior limb of the right internal capsule will cause paralysis on the right side of the body.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 34
Questão
Is this statement true?
Cortico-bulbar tract, controls motor fibres that control the activitity of motor neurones located in the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 35
Questão
What two nerves are being tested when testing a patients GAG reflex?
Responda
-
Vagus (Motor fibres)
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Glossopharyngeal nerve (Sensory)
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Hypoglossal (Sensory
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Facial nerve
Questão 36
Questão
Which of these is a key feature of a first-order neurone?
Responda
-
Cell bodies in the grey matter of the brain stem
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Cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia
-
Neurones that project to the primary somatosensory cortex.
Questão 37
Questão
Which of these is a key feature of a second order neurone?
Responda
-
Cell bodies in a dorsal root ganglia
-
Cell bodies in the grey matter of the brain stem or spinal cord.
-
Thamalmic projections to the primary somatosensory cortex
Questão 38
Questão
What is the dorsal column pathway mainly responsible for?
Responda
-
Motor functions
-
Proprioception
-
Pain sensation
Questão 39
Questão
What two receptors are linked to the spino-thalamic pathway?
Responda
-
Nociceptors
-
Thermoreceptor
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Pain raceptors
-
Mechanoreceptors
Questão 40
Questão
Compression of the ventral root will cause what types of symptoms?
Responda
-
Motor (inability to move a muscle)
-
Sensory (loss of sensation in a specific area)
-
No symptoms
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