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FINAL

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Chapter 3,12,14
Lilly Coleman
Quiz por Lilly Coleman, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Lilly Coleman
Criado por Lilly Coleman quase 5 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Transthoracic echocardiogram is a
Responda
  • Ultrasound of the heart
  • Non-invasive study that allows us to examine the heart, valves, and great vessels
  • Relatively quick and reliable
  • All of the above

Questão 2

Questão
Ultrasound is a sound wave with a frequency greater than ____
Responda
  • 20 hertz
  • 200 hertz
  • 2,000 hertz
  • 20,000 hertz

Questão 3

Questão
In order to achieve real-time, continuous movement, ____
Responda
  • Decrease depth
  • Do not utilize the zoom feature
  • Utilize the largest field of vision possible
  • Utilize the lowest frame rate possible

Questão 4

Questão
The ____ transmits and receives ultrasound pulses that collide with structures, such as the heart walls and valves.
Responda
  • Transducer
  • Matching layer
  • Near field
  • Ultrasound unit monitor

Questão 5

Questão
When the beam reaches half of its original diameter, the focus is reached; and then beyond that, the far field offers the best resolution.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 6

Questão
The pediatric transducer typically utilized a ___ frequency transducer that provides excellent resolution, while adult transducer utilizes a ___ frequency transducer that provides better depth penetration.
Responda
  • High/low
  • Low/high

Questão 7

Questão
If the transducer is place too high during the apical views, ___ may result.
Responda
  • False positive mitral Valve prolapse
  • Foreshortening
  • Oblong images of the heart
  • Pericardial effusion

Questão 8

Questão
The best 2D image is produced when the transducer is parallel to the structure being examined.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 9

Questão
Echo windows are determined by the patients physique and sometimes the sonographer needs to practice flexibility and patience in order to find the proper window.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
2D Echo allows us to visualize the relationship between the heart structures in real time.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
The indicators that travel down the side of the 2D image represent ___ and each indicator is equal to ___ centimeters.
Responda
  • Depth/ one
  • Gray scale/ one
  • Heart structures/ one
  • Time/ one

Questão 12

Questão
M-mode produces an icepick image of the heart and displays it in the form of a time/depth graph.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 13

Questão
M-mode is utilized for timing events of the cardiac cycle.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 14

Questão
M-mode produces a two-dimensional graph of the heart.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 15

Questão
The ASE recommends M-mode dimensions, not 2D dimensions.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 16

Questão
Doppler Echo utilizes ultrasound to record the velocity and direction of the blood flow.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 17

Questão
The CFD appearance is based on ___
Responda
  • 2D image quality
  • Blood flow velocity
  • Color map
  • All of the above

Questão 18

Questão
In most labs, flow traveling toward the transducer is ___, and flow traveling away from the transducer is ___.
Responda
  • Blue/ Red
  • Red/ Blue

Questão 19

Questão
____ Doppler is used to measure blood flow from a specific site that is < 2 m/s
Responda
  • Continuous wave
  • High-pulsed repetition frequency
  • Non-imaging continuous wave
  • Pulsed Wave

Questão 20

Questão
___ Doppler is superimposed, steerable, and measures any velocity making it ideal for performing valve calculations.
Responda
  • Continuous wave
  • High-pulsed repetition frequency
  • PEDOF
  • Pulsed wave

Questão 21

Questão
Continuous wave Doppler detects flow from a specific sample volume.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 22

Questão
Aliasing occurs when the velocity is > 2 m/s while using ___ Doppler.
Responda
  • Continuous wave
  • PEDOF
  • pulsed
  • spectral

Questão 23

Questão
What similarities do PWD and CWD share?
Responda
  • Both are steerable and superimposed on the 2D image
  • Both have range ambiguity and aliasing when the velocity is > 2 m/s
  • Both use a focus and measure any velocity flow
  • Both use a gate and measure high velocity flow

Questão 24

Questão
The PEDOF probe is a non-imaging probe; therefore, the sonographer must rely on the ___
Responda
  • Placement of the cursor on the 2D image
  • Position & angle of the probe and waveform in comparison to the EKG
  • Size of the Doppler gate
  • Image on the screen

Questão 25

Questão
According to the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC), the non-imaging CWD probe must be utilized in the assessment of AS or suspected AS from multiple locations, to include the apex, suprasternal notch, and right parasternal border.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 26

Questão
What is your most important responsibility during exercise electrocardiography?
Responda
  • Providing for safety
  • Applying the leads
  • Monitoring the ECG tracing
  • Taking the patients blood pressure

Questão 27

Questão
Which of the following conditions would be a reason that a patient should not perform exercise electrocardiography?
Responda
  • Coronary vascular disease
  • Previous heart attack
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Previous symptoms of angina

Questão 28

Questão
What type of test would be performed on a patient who is unable to stand or exercise?
Responda
  • Chemical (pharmacologic) stress test
  • Blood pressure test
  • Treadmill stress test
  • Stress electrocardiogram

Questão 29

Questão
During exercise electrocardiography, your patient appears to be short of breath. After informing the physician of your suspicions, what would you do?
Responda
  • Continue the test
  • Take the patient’s blood pressure
  • Ask the patient to stop exercise portion of the test
  • Discretely count the respiratory rate and compare to the previous rate

Questão 30

Questão
Mr. Jones is on several medications and is scheduled for an exercise electrocardiography test tomorrow. What should you do first to determine if he should take his medications prior to the test.
Responda
  • Check the chart order
  • Ask the physician
  • Instruct the patient not to take his beta blocker medications
  • Mr. jones should take all of his medications because they are necessary for his treatment

Questão 31

Questão
A beta blocker is
Responda
  • A protocol for exercise electrocardiography
  • A medication for hypertension
  • Necessary when performing exercise electrocardiography
  • A type of ultrasound

Questão 32

Questão
Which of the following is measured during exercise electrocardiography?
Responda
  • Blood pressure and temperature
  • Blood pressure and weight
  • 12-lead ECG and weight
  • 12-Lead ECG and blood pressure

Questão 33

Questão
When educating the female patient for exercise electrocardiography, you should instruct her not to wear
Responda
  • Shorts
  • Tennis shoes
  • An underwire bra
  • Comfortable clothing

Questão 34

Questão
Patients should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to exercise electrocardiography
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 35

Questão
Patients should be encouraged to report any symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, or fatigue during exercise electrocardiography.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
After exercise electrocardiography, the patient should not take a hot bath or shower for at least 2 hours
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 37

Questão
You should discuss the results of the exercise electrocardiography with the patient as soon as the results are available.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 38

Questão
Patients should wear comfortable, casual clothing on the day of the test, including tennis shoes and loose-fitting pants.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 39

Questão
You should attach the leads to the chest at the same sites as you would for an ambulatory monitor.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
Emergency equipment should be available in the room or nearby during exercise electrocardiography
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 41

Questão
A [blank_start]chemical stress test[blank_end] is an exercise electrocardiography that is invasive because of injection of a substance to view the vessels around the heart
Responda
  • chemical stress test

Questão 42

Questão
The middle layer of the heart, composed of muscle tissue is the [blank_start]myocardium[blank_end]
Responda
  • myocardium

Questão 43

Questão
A [blank_start]beta blocker[blank_end] is a medication used to treat hypertension
Responda
  • beta blocker

Questão 44

Questão
Another name for high blood pressure is [blank_start]hypertension[blank_end]
Responda
  • hypertension

Questão 45

Questão
A stress test in which radioactive tracers are injected to trace the path of blood through the heart is a [blank_start]nuclear stress test[blank_end]
Responda
  • nuclear stress test

Questão 46

Questão
Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow is [blank_start]angina[blank_end]
Responda
  • angina

Questão 47

Questão
Abnormal cardiac rhythm is called [blank_start]dysrhythmia[blank_end]
Responda
  • dysrhythmia

Questão 48

Questão
A [blank_start]cardiologist[blank_end] is a physician who specializes in the study of the heart
Responda
  • cardiologist

Questão 49

Questão
Failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissue is [blank_start]congestive heart failure[blank_end]
Responda
  • congestive heart failure

Questão 50

Questão
Accumulation of plaque and fatty deposits in the coronary arteries that results in reduced blood flow and oxygenation of the heart is [blank_start]coronary vascular disease[blank_end]
Responda
  • coronary vascular disease

Questão 51

Questão
An echocardiogram is a non invasive diagnostics test that uses ultrasound waves to provide images of the heart and blood vessels
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 52

Questão
A false positive is a diagnostic test result that indicates that disease is present when in reality no disease is present
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 53

Questão
[blank_start]THR[blank_end] is calculated by subtracting the patient’s age from 220, then multiplying that number by a percentage between 60 and 85 as directed by the physician
Responda
  • THR

Questão 54

Questão
A noninvasive procedure requires entrance into a body cavity, tissue, or blood vessel.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 55

Questão
A Naughton protocol is most commonly utilized for a stress test
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 56

Questão
A modified Bruce protocol is most often used during a stress test for patients with an exercise capacity limited by cardiac disease.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 57

Questão
A 12-Lead ECG is obtained toward the beginning of each stage of exercise electrocardiography
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 58

Questão
After a stress test, the patient should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 3 hours
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 59

Questão
A patient should take all of his prescribed medications on the day of his stress test unless the physician directs otherwise.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 60

Questão
All chest pain is cardiac in origin
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 61

Questão
Angina is the heart’s way of complaining it needs more oxygen
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 62

Questão
All acute myocardial infarctions present with ST segment elevation
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 63

Questão
The A in SAMPLE refers to allergies
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 64

Questão
Patients must sign a consent for procedures before receiving narcotics.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 65

Questão
Fibrinolytic agents may be used on any patient
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 66

Questão
Beta blockers decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 67

Questão
The circumflex artery supplies blood to the right atrium and ventricle
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 68

Questão
What is the name of the innermost layer of an artery?
Responda
  • Tunica media
  • Tunica adventitia
  • Tunica os
  • Tunica intima

Questão 69

Questão
Which major coronary artery and vessel supplies blood to both ventricles?
Responda
  • Circumflex artery
  • Left anterior descending artery
  • Right descending artery
  • Right main and marginal arteries

Questão 70

Questão
Which of the following complaints may be cardiac in origin?
Responda
  • Jaw pain
  • Nausea
  • Indigestion
  • All of the above

Questão 71

Questão
Symptoms of unstable angina include which of the following?
Responda
  • Chest pain that lasts longer than 20 minutes
  • More frequent or severe chest pain
  • Chest pain that occurs with less exertion
  • All of the answers are correct

Questão 72

Questão
Which three groups of patients often present with atypical symptoms of MI?
Responda
  • Women, infants, and children
  • Women, elderly patients, and patients with diabetes
  • Men, women, and children with diabetes
  • All of the answers are correct

Questão 73

Questão
Due to damage to blood vessels, patients with diabetes are ____ as likely as a non diabetic individual to experience a stroke or heart attack
Responda
  • 10 times
  • 5 times
  • Twice
  • Not

Questão 74

Questão
Which of the following are included when referring to acute coronary syndrome?
Responda
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and stable angina
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and diabetes
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and CVA

Questão 75

Questão
What percentage of patients may present with STEMI?
Responda
  • 20-40
  • 40-45
  • 75-80
  • 100

Questão 76

Questão
What percentage of patients may present with NSTEMI?
Responda
  • 20-25
  • 40-45
  • 75-80
  • 100

Questão 77

Questão
Heart failure is simply defined as ___
Responda
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Pulmonary failure
  • Pump failure

Questão 78

Questão
Which type of heart failure causes fluid to back up in the lungs, causing pulmonary edema?
Responda
  • Right atrial
  • Right ventricular
  • Left atrial
  • Left ventricular

Questão 79

Questão
Mnemonic devices are commonly used in medicine to ____
Responda
  • Create a complex tool for specialists only
  • Decrease communication and efficiency of patient care
  • Increase the amount of time before the patient receives care
  • Increase efficiency and present a more logical flow to patient care

Questão 80

Questão
Which of the following would not be done during patient assessment and initial treatment of a cardiac patient ?
Responda
  • Obtain a 12-Lead ECG
  • Start oxygen
  • Obtain the vital signs
  • Obtain a urine specimen

Questão 81

Questão
Nitroglycerin causes blood vessels to ___ and blood pressure to ___.
Responda
  • Constrict, increase
  • Relax, increase
  • Constrict, decrease
  • Relax, decrease

Questão 82

Questão
Which procedure allows visualization of the coronary arteries and placement of a stent?
Responda
  • Coronary artery bypass
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac catheterization
  • Enhanced external counter pulsation

Questão 83

Questão
Coumadin is used to ____
Responda
  • Increase heart rate
  • Increase clot formation in blood
  • Decrease heart rate
  • Decrease clot formation in blood

Questão 84

Questão
Occlusion of the proximal left coronary artery is often referred to as the [blank_start]widow maker[blank_end]
Responda
  • widow maker

Questão 85

Questão
What should be done in the first 10 minutes of cardiac patients arrival?
Responda
  • Assess pain level
  • 12-Lead ECG
  • Start oxygen
  • Get urine sample
  • Check vitals

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