Sociology - poverty quiz

Question

What is absolute poverty?

Answer 1

Being poor in comparison to others in society

Answer 2

Being unable to afford things that are essential to live a healthy life

Answer 3

Matches most people's understanding

Answer 4

It accounts for different variations of 'healthy'

Answer 5

Good for comparing globally

Answer 6

Doesn't account for variations of healthy

Answer 7

Difficult to measure

Answer 8

Less relevant to countries with a good welfare state

Answer 9

Ignores social aspects

Answer 10

Information

Answer 11

When people cannot afford a living standard experienced by most of society

Answer 12

When people cannot afford the basic things necessary for a healthy life

Answer 13

When people themselves think they are poor

Answer 14

Useful when comparing globally as normal living standards don't vary much

Answer 15

More relevant to societies with a good welfare state where absolute poverty has largely been removed

Answer 16

Looks at social aspects because it accounts for people not being able to fully participate in society

Answer 17

Over-estimates levels of poverty by comparing people to the average, as living standards in the UK are high

Answer 18

Useful when comparing globally

Answer 19

Less useful when comparing globally as normal living standards vary

Answer 20

Never had a holiday

Answer 21

Not having a cooked breakfast most days of the week

Answer 22

Children - not having a party on their last birthday

Answer 23

7.5 million

Answer 24

LCA (Low cost but acceptable)

Answer 25

HBAI (Households below average income)

Answer 26

Allows European poverty rates to be compared

Answer 27

Accounts for people who have a disability and their extra costs of living

Answer 28

Useful for governments when setting benefits because it is an income level

Answer 29

HBAI doesn't account for how cost of living varies across the country e.g London

Answer 30

Doesn't account for the extra costs of having a disability

Answer 31

Not useful for setting benefits

Answer 32

Based on an income level so useful for setting benefits

Answer 33

Looks at psychological aspects - how people feel about their own situation

Answer 34

Deprivation index

Answer 35

Financial satisfaction 0-10 scale

Answer 36

Being unable to fully participate in society due to poor housing or lack of money

Answer 37

Being unable to access life chances and opportunities experienced by most of society

Answer 38

Lack of jobs

Answer 39

Lacking access to public transport

Answer 40

Lack of affordable housing

Answer 41

Lack of jobs

Answer 42

Lack of access to living in a safe environment due to high crime

Answer 43

Lack of affordable housing due to rent in cities being harder

Answer 44

Highlights how being poor is more complex than lacking money e.g someone in a village is more likely to be socially excluded than someone living in a city

Answer 45

An income level so easy for governments to use

Answer 46

Any money coming into the household on a regular basis e.g a wage

Answer 47

Ownership of assets e.g property and savings. These assets have value, but are extra to day to day living costs

Answer 48

Any asset you own but can also be sold e.g car

Answer 49

Something you own but can't sell e.g pension

Answer 50

Things the owner uses e.g car

Answer 51

Something you own but can't sell e.g pension

Answer 52

When something you own provides an income e.g owning a house that you rent out

Answer 53

Any asset you own that can be sold e.g car

Answer 54

Things that the owner uses e.g car

Answer 55

When an asset provides an income e.g owning a property that you rent out

Answer 56

When people do not admit the amount of wealth they have, to avoid paying tax on them

Answer 57

When people say things to make them look good

Answer 58

Any money coming into the household on a regular basis e.g wage

Answer 59

Money generated from work

Answer 60

Income before income tax is deducted

Answer 61

Income generated from actual work

Answer 62

Income generated from work

Answer 63

Income not generated from actual work e.g rent given by tenants on a house you own

Answer 64

Family resources survey - collects information on the income of household in UK using face to face interviews

Answer 65

Wealth and assets survey - Large survey based on household interviews in the UK

Answer 66

Working 'cash in hand'

Answer 67

Giving it to people they know

Answer 68

Declaring things as expenses to pay less income tax

Answer 69

Inheritance Tax - paid on an estate when somebody dies, if it is over £325,000. To avoid wealth being passed on within families

Answer 70

Direct tax - taken from wages, the more you earn, the more tax you pay

Answer 71

Capital gains tax - reduce profits from selling a property if you own more than one

Answer 72

Indirect taxes - added to things you buy e.g VAT

Answer 73

Capital gains tax - Reduce profits from selling a property if the person owns more than one

Answer 74

Direct tax - taken straight from wages, the more you earn the more you pay in tax

Answer 75

Cash benefits - given by the state to supplement low incomes e.g working tax credits

Answer 76

Benefits in kind - provided by state, freely available e.g state education

Answer 77

Higher than average levels of unemployment

Answer 78

They can rely on more than one income

Answer 79

Working in high paid jobs

Answer 80

If working, more likely to be working part-time

Answer 81

Their children can work

Answer 82

Income has to spread further e.g more food

Answer 83

Childcare costs are higher

Answer 84

21% of women live in low income households compared to 19% of men

Answer 85

19% of women live in low income households compared to 17% of men

Answer 86

Full-time, permanent work which tends to be dominated by men

Answer 87

Low-pay, low skill jobs which are usually part-time

Answer 88

Living in lone parent families - Lone parents have high levels of unemployment and low out of work benefits

Answer 89

Living in large families - Higher rates of unemployment due to unaffordable childcare costs, and having to buy more food, uniforms etc

Answer 90

Not working themselves - families rely on only one or two incomes

Answer 91

Having a disability - Costs an additional £99 per week to bring up a disabled child

Answer 92

Households with parents in low paid jobs - Given less training, therefore less progression, keeping them trapped in poverty

Answer 93

Age concern found that women receive less pension than their husbands

Answer 94

Women on average, live longer than men so their retirement savings run out and they have less savings than men in the first place

Answer 95

Higher than average levels of unemployment

Answer 96

Welfare benefits they receive are inadequate

Answer 97

If they didn't save up enough for a private pension

Answer 98

Ageism - employers think they're not capable or too old/ill

Answer 99

£300 a week

Answer 100

£200 a week

Answer 101

£250 a week

Answer 102

Bangladeshis (70%) and Pakistanis (60%)

Answer 103

Pakistanis (60%) and Black Africans (50%)

Answer 104

Women from these ethnic groups are more likely to not want paid work thank other ethnicities

Answer 105

Unemployment rates 3x higher for them than other ethnicities

Answer 106

Live 20% longer than other ethnicities

Answer 107

Black Carribeans

Answer 108

Bangladeshis

Answer 109

Black Africans

Answer 110

Bangladeshis

Answer 111

When customers and staff of an institution have been found to project racist behaviour

Answer 112

How the day to day practices of an institution have racist outcomes

Answer 113

Job adverts not being available in different languages

Answer 114

Ignoring a member of staff who is of an ethnic minority

Answer 115

A group of workers who seek part-time work, due to reasons such as childcare

Answer 116

Workers who are used when needed, but disposed of when their labour is no longer needed

Answer 117

Government

Answer 118

Individual

Answer 119

Oscar Lewis

Answer 120

People in poverty are made to form a separate culture due to the way society causes them to be social exclusion

Answer 121

People in poverty develop a culture with norms and values which prevent them escaping poverty e.g fatalistic

Answer 122

Individual characteristics, work characteristics and wealth characteristics

Answer 123

Individual characteristics, family characteristics and community characteristics

Answer 124

Murray and Marsland

Answer 125

Connell and Flaherty

Answer 126

Cycle of poverty explains why poverty persist over generations

Answer 127

Cycle of poverty explains what individuals do to cause the persistence of their poverty

Answer 128

Factors caused by the individual e.g not taking job opportunities

Answer 129

Factors beyond an individuals control e.g low pay

Answer 130

The state gives over generous welfare benefits, creating a culture of dependency

Answer 131

The state do not provide enough help for the poor, they need more universal benefits and help with seeking jobs

Answer 132

Means tested

Answer 133

Patriarchy, illegitimacy and poor housing

Answer 134

Crime, illegitimacy and unemployment

Answer 135

Individual

Answer 136

An economic system where the individual is responsible for himself, not profit driven

Answer 137

An economic system which means private ownership of means of production, heavily profit driven

Answer 138

Poverty exists because it perfoms positive functions

Answer 139

Poverty is a result of the market position of individuals

Answer 140

widely available

Answer 141

rare and in demand

Answer 142

an inevitable outcome of a patriarchal structure

Answer 143

caused by men being dominant

Answer 144

A structural, consensus theory

Answer 145

A cultural, consensus theory

Answer 146

A cultural, conflict theory

Answer 147

A structural, consensus theory

Answer 148

No stigma attached as they're free

Answer 149

Saves gov. money as there is no eligibility test

Answer 150

Reduces culture of dependency

Answer 151

Prevents poverty trap - people get them without paying so working won't make them poorer

Answer 152

Save the state money as they are given to people who need it

Answer 153

Stigma attached

Answer 154

Have to test for eligibility

Answer 155

Marxists say it tricks workers into thinking society is fair

Answer 156

New Right say it creates a culture of dependency

Answer 157

Expensive because people may claim without needing them so taxes rise

Answer 158

Save state money - only given to people who need them

Answer 159

Assessed in relation to income

Answer 160

Too expensive

Answer 161

No stigma attached

Answer 162

Reduces culture of dependency

Answer 163

More stigma attached so people may not claim them

Answer 164

Assessed in relation to income

Answer 165

Creates poverty trap as they are taken away if you start working

Answer 166

Can be expensive - have to test eligibility

Answer 167

Create a culture of dependency

Answer 168

1940 - 1979

Answer 169

1918 - 1940

Answer 170

Want, idleness, disease, squalor and ignorance

Answer 171

Patriarchy, capitalism, universal benefits, poor housing and low pay

Answer 172

Ignorance to work

Answer 173

Unemployment

Answer 174

Social democratic

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