Questão 1
Questão
Theory of how the self emerges from human interaction that involves people trading symbols (through language and gesture) that are usually consensual and represent abstract properties rather than concrete objects.
Questão 2
Questão
The self-derived from seeing ourselves as others see us.
Questão 3
Questão
Self in terms of idiosyncratic traits and close personal relationships.
Questão 4
Questão
Self in terms of group memberships.
Responda
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Public self (p. 123)
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Social identity (p. 129)
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Private self (p. 123)
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Self-schema (p. 123)
Questão 5
Questão
State in which you are aware of yourself as an object.
Responda
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Self-Knowledge (p. 123)
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Self-Assessment (p. 135)
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Self-Awareness (p. 122)
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Self-promotion (p. 145)
Questão 6
Questão
Your private thoughts, feelings and attitudes.
Questão 7
Questão
How other people see you, your public image.
Questão 8
Questão
Comparisons between how you actually are and how you would like to be.
Responda
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Self-discrepancy theory (p. 125)
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Self-assessment (p. 135)
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Objective self-awareness (p. 122)
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Self-verification (p. 135)
Questão 9
Questão
What we know about ourselves and the construction of a sense of who we are.
Questão 10
Questão
Information about the self.
Questão 11
Questão
A theory that proposes three types of self-schemas.
Responda
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
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Self-Perception Theory (Bem) (p. 127)
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Self-Discrepancy Theory (p. 125)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
Questão 12
Questão
How we currently are.
Responda
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Actual Self (p. 125)
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Ideal Self (p. 125)
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Ought Self (p. 125)
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Private Self (p. 123)
Questão 13
Questão
How we would like to be.
Responda
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Actual Self (p. 125)
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Ought Self (p. 125)
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Ideal Self (p. 125)
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Public Self (p. 123)
Questão 14
Questão
How we think we should be.
Responda
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Actual Self (p. 125)
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Ideal Self (p. 125)
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Ought Self (p. 125)
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Public Self (p. 123)
Questão 15
Questão
A theory proposing that we gain knowledge of ourselves only by making self-attributions.
Responda
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
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Self-Perception Theory (Bem) (p. 127)
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Self-Categorisation Theory (p. 132)
Questão 16
Questão
When obvious external behaviour determinants are absent, free choice of behaviour due to enjoyment is assumed.
Responda
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Private Self (p. 123)
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Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Overjustification effect (p. 127)
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
Questão 17
Questão
A theory proposing that we learn about ourselves through comparisons with others.
Responda
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Self-Perception Theory (Bem) (p. 127)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Self-Discrepancy Theory (p. 125)
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
Questão 18
Questão
Categorising oneself as a group member and internalising the evaluation of the group.
Responda
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Self-Perception Theory (Bem) (p. 127)
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Self-Categorisation Theory (p. 132)
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
Questão 19
Questão
Name-dropping to link yourself with desirable people or groups and thus improve other people’s impression of you.
Responda
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Self-promotion (p. 145)
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BIRGing (Basking in Reflected Glory) (p. 129)
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Self-Enhancement (p. 135)
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
Questão 20
Questão
Theory of group membership and intergroup relations based on self-categorization, social comparison and the construction of a shared self-definition in terms of ingroup defining properties.
Responda
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Self-Categorisation Theory (p. 132)
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Self-Discrepancy Theory (p. 125)
Questão 21
Questão
When a specific social identity is psychologically important for one’s own self identity.
Responda
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Social Identity Salience (p. 132)
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
Questão 22
Questão
Motivation to secure self-knowledge.
Responda
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Self-Esteem (p. 139)
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Self-promotion (p. 145)
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Integration (p. 666)
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Self-Motives (p. 134)
Questão 23
Questão
Motive to have accurate and valid information about self.
Questão 24
Questão
Motive to seek self-consistent information.
Questão 25
Questão
Motive to seek new favourable information about self.
Questão 26
Questão
Feelings about and evaluations of oneself.
Questão 27
Questão
By identifying with a group, that group’s prestige and status in society attaches to one’s self-concept. (BIRGing at a group level)
Responda
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Self-Esteem and Social Identity (p. 140)
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Social Identity (p. 129)
Questão 28
Questão
A deliberate effort to act in ways that create a particular impression, usually favourable, of ourselves.
Responda
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Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
Questão 29
Questão
Focus on manipulating others perception of one’s self.
Questão 30
Questão
Trying to persuade others that you are competent.
Responda
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Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Ingratiation (p. 145)
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Intimidation (p. 145)
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Exemplification (p. 145)
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Supplication (p. 145)
Questão 31
Questão
Trying to get others to like you.
Responda
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Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Ingratiation (p. 145)
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Intimidation (p. 145)
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Exemplification (p. 145)
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Supplication (p. 145)
Questão 32
Questão
Trying to get others to fear you.
Responda
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Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Ingratiation (p. 145)
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Intimidation (p. 145)
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Exemplification (p. 145)
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Supplication (p. 145)
Questão 33
Questão
Trying to get others to think of you as morally respectable.
Responda
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Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Ingratiation (p. 145)
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Intimidation (p. 145)
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Exemplification (p. 145)
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Supplication (p. 145)
Questão 34
Questão
Trying to get others to pity you as helpless or needy.
Responda
-
Self-Promotion (p. 145)
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Ingratiation (p. 145)
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Intimidation (p. 145)
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Exemplification (p. 145)
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Supplication (p. 145)
Questão 35
Questão
Demonstrate and gain validation through own actions.
Responda
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Self-Esteem (p. 139)
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Strategic Self-Presentation (p. 145)
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Self-Enhancement (p. 135)
Questão 36
Questão
A set of cognitions and practices that characterise a specific social group and distinguish it from others.
Questão 37
Questão
Explores cross-cultural western psychological theory validations, culture-specific psychological constructs, universally relevant psychology evolution.
Responda
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Cross-Cultural Psychology (p. 640)
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
Questão 38
Questão
Contrast between psychological constructs that are relatively culture-universal and those that are relatively culture-specific.
Responda
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Cross-Cultural Psychology (p. 640)
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Etic and Emic Perspectives (p. 645)
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Intercultural Contact (p. 662)
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Managing Cultural Diversity (p. 671)
Questão 39
Questão
Emphasises the independent self in terms of one’s relations and roles relative to other people.
Responda
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Individualistic Culture (Western cultures) (p.654)
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Collectivist Culture (Eastern Cultures) (p. 654)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
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Self-Categorisation Theory (p. 132)
Questão 40
Questão
The self as an individual.
Questão 41
Questão
Enriching experience to conflict.
Questão 42
Questão
Emphasises the interdependent self in terms of one’s relations and roles relative to other people.
Responda
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Individualistic Culture (Western cultures) (p.654)
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Collectivist Culture (Eastern Cultures) (p. 654)
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Acculturation (p. 666)
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Social Identity Theory (p. 132)
Questão 43
Questão
The self as a group.
Questão 44
Questão
Including accents and speech style.
Questão 45
Questão
Display rules and kinesics.
Responda
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Non-Verbal Behaviour (p. 663)
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Language Barrier
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Expressive Self-Presentation (p. 146)
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Overjustification Effect (p. 127)
Questão 46
Questão
The process whereby individuals learn about the rules of behaviour characteristic of another culture.
Responda
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Acculturation (p. 666)
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Total Assimilation (p. 671)
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Intercultural Contact (p. 662)
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Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) (p. 128)
Questão 47
Questão
Maintain home culture but relate to the dominant culture.
Responda
-
Integration (p. 666)
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Assimilation (p. 666)
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Separation (p. 666)
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Marginalisation (p. 666)
Questão 48
Questão
Surrender home culture and adopt dominant culture.
Responda
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Integration (p. 666)
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Assimilation (p. 666)
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Separation (p. 666)
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Marginalisation (p. 666)
Questão 49
Questão
Maintain home culture and feel isolated by dominant culture.
Responda
-
Integration (p. 666)
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Assimilation (p. 666)
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Separation (p. 666)
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Marginalisation (p. 666)
Questão 50
Questão
Surrender home culture and fail to relate to the dominant culture.
Responda
-
Integration (p. 666)
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Assimilation (p. 666)
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Separation (p. 666)
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Marginalisation (p. 666)
Questão 51
Questão
Assimilation whereby minorities abandon their heritage and adopt host culture.
Questão 52
Questão
Assimilation whereby minorities assimilate and may modify host culture.
Questão 53
Questão
Cultural pluralism whereby cultural diversity persists without planning.
Questão 54
Questão
Cultural pluralism whereby cultural diversity exists though planning.