Questão 1
Questão
A/an _____________ vector quantifies the expression of a gene to measure the activity of regulatory elements.
Responda
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Reporter
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Expression
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Cloning
Questão 2
Questão
An expression vector is used to _________.
Responda
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Study the effect of overexpression of a gene on cell functions
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Measure activities of regulatory sequences
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Quantify the expression of a gene downstream of the regulatory sequence of interest
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Amplify and isolate the product of a gene
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following is NOT an essential component of a plasmid?
Questão 4
Questão
What would not be found in a eukaryotic expression vector?
Questão 5
Questão
The expression of the _______ gene is quantified to study the activity of a regulatory sequence. In which type of vector would you find this gene?
Questão 6
Questão
Which is NOT involved in the construction of cDNA libraries?
Responda
-
reverse transcriptase
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oligo dT primer
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ribonuclease H
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DNA polymerase
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DNA ligase
Questão 7
Questão
What is the role of ribonuclease H in the synthesis of cDNA?
Responda
-
Degrade the mRNA template
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Synthesize the mRNA template
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LIgate the 2 strands of newly-synthesized DNA
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Synthesize the first strand of cDNA from mRNA template
Questão 8
Questão
Which type of vector is pBluescript?
Responda
-
Expression because it tests for the expression of lacZ gene
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Cloning because it is used to isolate DNA sequences with a built-in mechanism to select for recombinant plasmids
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Reporter because it quantifies lacZ expression
Questão 9
Questão
Which outcome indicates that a colony on the pBluescript agar contains the recombinant plasmid?
Questão 10
Questão
Which is NOT true about enhancers sequences?
Responda
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Always located upstream of a gene
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Function in both 5'-3' and 3'-5' directions
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Influence expression of genes that are physically distant from the enhancer
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Function is not affected if location is moved
Questão 11
Questão
Which of the following are DNA binding motifs?
Responda
-
Helix-turn-helix
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Zinc finger
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Leucine zipper
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Helix-loop-helix
Questão 12
Questão
_______ hormones bind hormone response elements (HRE) in the nucleus to upregulate target genes.
Questão 13
Questão
Epigenetics (changes in chromatin structure) is heritable and irreversible.
Questão 14
Questão
Position-effect variegation is the change in gene expression caused by the translocation of genes between heterochromatin and euchromatin regions.
Questão 15
Questão
Which does NOT result from histone acetyltransferases (HATs) activity?
Responda
-
Loosening of DNA packaging
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Decreased gene expression
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Easier transcriptional factor binding
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More open chromatin
Questão 16
Questão
Which would lead to a decrease in gene expression?
Responda
-
HAT
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HDAC
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DNA methyltransferases
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SWI/SNF
Questão 17
Questão
What is the difference in dosage compensation of Drosophila and C. elegans?
Responda
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Drosophila: hyperactivation of male X; C. elegans: hypoactivations of both female X'es
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Drosophila: hypoactivations of both female X'es; C. elegans: hyperactivation of male X
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Drosophila: inactivation of a female X; C. elegans: hyperactivation of male X
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Drosophila: hyperactivation of male X; C. elegans: inactivation of a female X
Questão 18
Questão
Imprinted gene is the inheritance of parental acetylation pattern.
Questão 19
Questão
Which does NOT result in increased mRNA stability?
Responda
-
elF4E
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PABPI
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Deadenylase
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Long poly-A tail
Questão 20
Questão
______ removes the hairpin loop of the Pre-miRNA to form ds siRNA.
Questão 21
Questão
G1/S checkpoint is controlled by [blank_start]Rb[blank_end].
DNA damage checkpoint is controlled by [blank_start]p53[blank_end].
Questão 22
Questão
Which is NOT correct regarding cell cycle control?
Responda
-
Phosphorylation of Rb leads to growth factor independent G1/S progression.
-
A loss-of-function mutation in the p53 gene leads to a rapid accumulation of pro-cancer mutations.
-
Cyclin D is an inhibitor of Rb, which in turns is an inhibitor of E2F.
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p53 upregulates BAX which activates the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Questão 23
Questão
The p53 gene is mutated in >50% cancers.
Questão 24
Questão
Which gene is the most closely-associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia?
Questão 25
Questão
In Burkitt's lymphoma, ______ gene is translocated to a region controlled by a strong enhancer.
Questão 26
Questão
Which does NOT result in growth factor independent G1/S transition?
Responda
-
Hyperphosphorylated Rb
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Loss-of-function mutation of Rb
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Mutation in E2F which prevents Rb binding
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Low levels of cyclin D leading up to DNA duplication
Questão 27
Questão
Which of the following cellular properties is the LEAST likely to cause cancer?
Responda
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Mutations in signalling proteins and receptors
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Insensitive to anti-growth signals
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Overexpression of pro-apoptotic proteins
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Overexpression of telomerase
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Upregulation of VEGF
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Ability to metastasize and invade other tissues
Questão 28
Questão
[blank_start]Ras[blank_end] hyperactivation results from a point mutation to Valine and GTP-independent activity.
[blank_start]bcr-abl[blank_end] fusion protein is closely associated with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.
[blank_start]HER2[blank_end] is an epidermal growth factor receptor, whose oncogenic properties arises from gene amplification.
In Burkitt's lymphoma, [blank_start]c-myc[blank_end] gene is translocated to a region controlled by a strong enhancer. It is also amplified in childhood neuroblastomas.