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NIC Microbiology 250 - Rhena Cooper

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Exam 2 - from an old exam from Rhene Cooper
Rebecca Alexander
Quiz por Rebecca Alexander, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Rebecca Alexander
Criado por Rebecca Alexander quase 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Which of the following is/are a part of Prokaryotic carbohydrate metabolism?
Responda
  • malate shuttle
  • chemiosmosis
  • niacin and riboflavin
  • A, B, and C
  • B and C

Questão 2

Questão
Which of the following is/are smaller?
Responda
  • cytosine
  • adenine
  • guanine
  • A and B
  • B and C

Questão 3

Questão
Which of the following is held together more loosely?
Responda
  • sugar-phosphate backbone
  • thymine and adenine
  • guanine and cytosine
  • sugars and nitrogenous bases
  • B and C

Questão 4

Questão
In a replicating fork, the parental 5' end would serve as the template for ____.
Responda
  • the lagging strand
  • the leading strand
  • the continuous strand
  • the discontinuous strand
  • A and D are correct terms

Questão 5

Questão
Which would be made in "chucks" termed Okasaki Fragments?
Responda
  • the continuous strand
  • the discontinuous strand
  • circular DNA
  • mRNA
  • 16s RNA

Questão 6

Questão
If Escherichia coli opens in three locations, then there would be how many active replicating forks?
Responda
  • 3
  • 6
  • 9
  • 2
  • 12

Questão 7

Questão
Which type of RNA is folded with protein to give a unique functional shape?
Responda
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA
  • B and C
  • A, B, and C

Questão 8

Questão
As an exception to the general rule, ____ has ____ DNA.
Responda
  • Bordetella, linear
  • Bordetella, circular
  • Borrelia, linear
  • Borrelia, circular
  • Burgdorferi, linear

Questão 9

Questão
The nitrogenous base thymine is attached to which carbon?
Responda
  • 1' of deoxyribose
  • 3' of deoxyribose
  • 1' of ribose
  • 3' of ribose
  • 5' of deoxyribose

Questão 10

Questão
DNA and RNA polymerases synthesize in which direction?
Responda
  • 3' to 5'
  • 5' to 3'
  • antiparallel
  • double helix
  • downstream

Questão 11

Questão
Which enzyme facilitates "walking" to relieve tension as the DNA is relaxing the supercoil?
Responda
  • DNA helicase
  • DNA topisomerase
  • DNA polymerase III
  • DNA polymerase I
  • DNA ligase

Questão 12

Questão
How many primers would be necessary when making DNA off of the 3' parent leg?
Responda
  • one
  • two
  • one every ~1,000 bases
  • too numerous to count (TNTC)

Questão 13

Questão
Which of the following would be the least likely to open multiple replication forks?
Responda
  • Mycobacterium
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Escherichia coli
  • Treponema
  • A and D

Questão 14

Questão
Which of the following will produce lactic acid?
Responda
  • Streptococcus
  • Clostridium
  • Saccharomyces
  • Lactobacillus
  • A and D

Questão 15

Questão
The reduced niacin from which step will feed hydrogen into the malate shuttle is?
Responda
  • glycolysis in prokaryotes
  • transition in prokaryotes
  • glycolysis in eukaryotes
  • transition in eukaryotes
  • A and C

Questão 16

Questão
This structure belongs to what category?
Image:
bf1f8f7c-801e-4288-b711-6ccc534f3c8e (image/png)
Responda
  • Pyrimidines
  • Purines

Questão 17

Questão
This structure belongs to what category?
Image:
ce353024-1042-4c30-a279-4c42c06c4a83 (image/png)
Responda
  • Pyrimidines
  • Purines

Questão 18

Questão
The process of making RNA off of a DNA template is called what?
Responda
  • transcription
  • translation
  • transition

Questão 19

Questão
The process of making DNA off of the DNA template just before cell division is called what?
Responda
  • replication
  • translation
  • transcription
  • semi-conservative replication
  • transition

Questão 20

Questão
The process of using RNA to make a protein is called what?
Responda
  • transcription
  • translation
  • transition
  • replication

Questão 21

Questão
Protein synthesis is an anabolic reaction specifically using a _____ reaction to make a ____ bond between the building blocks called _____.
Responda
  • Dehydration synthesis, covalent/peptide, and amino acids
  • Dehydration synthesis, hydrogen, nitrogenous bases
  • Replication synthesis, covalent/peptide, and the sugar-phosphate backbone

Questão 22

Questão
The amino acids are brought to the ribosome attached to the ___ end of the ___.
Responda
  • 3', tRNA
  • 3', mRNA
  • 3', DNA
  • 5', tRNA
  • 5', DNA

Questão 23

Questão
In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is wrapped around proteins called ___ in repetitive units called ___ to make the supercoil.
Responda
  • Nucleosomes, histones
  • Histones, nucleosomes
  • Centrioles, centrosomes
  • Centromeres, centrosomes

Questão 24

Questão
In the lac operation model, the presence of lactose will ___ the ____ from the _____ and thus turn the gene ____.
Responda
  • Add, inhibitor protein, moderator, off.
  • Remove, repressor protein, operator, on
  • Add, repressor protein, operator, off
  • Remove, inhibitor protein, moderator, on

Questão 25

Questão
List in order the enzymes involved in building the leading strand side of a replicating fork.
Responda
  • DNA ligase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, RNA primase.
  • RNA primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DNA ligase, Okazaki Fragments.
  • RNA primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DNA ligase.
  • Okazaki Fragments, RNA primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DNA ligase.
  • DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DNA ligase.

Questão 26

Questão
Given the following section of DNA give the correct order of amino acids linked together in the polypeptide. 5' T A A A T G A C T G A T T G A G T A 3' 3' A T T T A C T G A C T A A C T C A T 5'
Responda
  • 5' T A A A T G A C T G A T T G A G T A 3'
  • 5' U A A A U G A C U G A U U G A G U A 3'

Questão 27

Questão
Which of the following has the ability to generate the most ATP?
Responda
  • reduced riboflavin
  • oxidized riboflavin
  • reduced niacin
  • oxidized niacin
  • coenzyme A

Questão 28

Questão
Benzyprene, commonly found in soot and smoke, has been shown to cause which of the following types of mutation?
Responda
  • point mutation
  • sugar-phosphate backbone break mutation
  • spontaneous mutation
  • thymine dimmer mutation
  • frameshift mutation

Questão 29

Questão
The complete fermentation of two glucose molecules to ethanol generates ___ molecules of carbon dioxide.
Responda
  • one
  • two
  • three
  • four
  • six

Questão 30

Questão
Name the bacterial recombination process that is mediated by the sex pili.
Responda
  • transcription
  • translation
  • transformation
  • transduction
  • conjugation

Questão 31

Questão
In Plasmodium the hydrogens released during glycolysis will generate up to how many ATP's by chemiosmosis per glucose?
Responda
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 6
  • 38

Questão 32

Questão
In Pseudomonas each acetyl that enters into the Krebs cycle will generate how many ATP's?
Responda
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 32
  • 34

Questão 33

Questão
Which of the following typically generates ethanol as a fermentation end product?
Responda
  • Bacillus
  • Lactobacillus
  • Streptococcus
  • Saccharomyces
  • A, B, and C

Questão 34

Questão
Which cellular situation has the potential to generate the most ATP per glucose?
Responda
  • eukaryotes in an anaerobic environment
  • prokaryotes in an anaerovic environment
  • eukaryotes in an aerobic environment
  • prokaryotes in an aerobic environment
  • Clostridium in an anaerobic environment

Questão 35

Questão
The complete aerobic breakdown of one molecule of glucose by Escherichia would generate ___ molecules of inorganic gas.
Responda
  • two
  • four
  • six
  • twelve
  • none of the above

Questão 36

Questão
Name the bacterial recombination process that involves competent bacteria in the log phase of growth.
Responda
  • transcription
  • translation
  • transformation
  • transduction
  • conjugation

Questão 37

Questão
Which of the following is larger?
Responda
  • deoxyribose
  • phosphate
  • ribose
  • adenine
  • cytosine

Questão 38

Questão
Name the bacterial recombination process that involves a bacteriophage.
Responda
  • transcritption
  • translation
  • transformation
  • transduction
  • conjugation

Questão 39

Questão
Which of the following is more likely to open multiple replication forks?
Responda
  • Gram negative bacteria in log phase of growth
  • Gram positive bacteria in log phase of growth
  • Acid-fast mycobacterium in aerobic conditions
  • Staphylococcus on the skin
  • Semi-conservative replication in Treponema

Questão 40

Questão
In Bacillus subtilis the hydrogen ions initially collect between the ____ and the plasma membrane during chemiosmosis before moving through the membrane and generating ATP.
Responda
  • thin layer of peptidoglycan
  • mitochondrial membrane
  • cristae
  • thick layer of peptidoglycan
  • capsule

Questão 41

Questão
Which of the following organisms has the ability to generate its own ribose?
Responda
  • Pseudomonas
  • Agrobacterium
  • Rhizobium
  • Escherichia
  • A, B, and C

Questão 42

Questão
If the initial F+ bacterium is shown in black, and the F- bacterium is shown in red and the subsequent HFr cell joins with a green F- bacterium, then the resulting F+ recombinant will have a mother loop of DNA shown in what color(s)?
Responda
  • Black and Green
  • Red only
  • Green only
  • Red and Green
  • Black, Red, and Green

Questão 43

Questão
Hydrogen carrier molecules are useful throughout carbohydrate metabolism to prevent an increase or a decrease in the pH?
Responda
  • increase
  • decrease

Questão 44

Questão
Name the carbon carrier that functions to feed the pyruvic acid derivative into the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Responda
  • coenzyme A
  • niacin
  • riboflavin
  • pentose sugar
  • A and D

Questão 45

Questão
What is produced from transcription?
Responda
  • DNA
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA

Questão 46

Questão
What is produced from semi-conservative replication?
Responda
  • DNA copy
  • RNA copy
  • phosphate backbone
  • polymerases

Questão 47

Questão
Which transcription product carries the codons?
Responda
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA

Questão 48

Questão
Which transcription process has an anticodon?
Responda
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA

Questão 49

Questão
Which transcription product carriers the amino acids?
Responda
  • large subunit
  • small subunit
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA

Questão 50

Questão
In Plasmodium, the DNA is wrapped around ____ in repetitive subunits called ____.
Responda
  • proteins, amino acids
  • histones, nucleosomes
  • proteins, nucleosomes
  • histones, amino acids

Questão 51

Questão
Give a genus of prokaryotes which uncharacteristically has linear DNA.
Responda
  • Plasmodium
  • Borrelia
  • Baccilus
  • Streptococcus
  • Escherichia

Questão 52

Questão
Name the enzyme that allows the supercoil to relax and "walk over" to relieve tension.
Responda
  • DNA ligase
  • DNA polymerase I
  • DNA polymerase III
  • DNA topiosomerase II (DNA gyrase)
  • RNA primase

Questão 53

Questão
The lagging strand side of the replicating fork is uniquely made of individual ____ fragments.
Responda
  • chunk
  • interrupted
  • Okazaki
  • discontinuous

Questão 54

Questão
DNA polymerase III cannot process a complementary strand of DNA until a ___ has been placed.
Responda
  • primer (from RNA primase)
  • nucleotide (from the first DNA polymerase III)
  • space/gap/break (excised error/primers from DNA polymerase I)

Questão 55

Questão
Name the enzyme which has the ability to remove errors and primers in DNA replication.
Responda
  • RNA primase
  • DNA polymerase III
  • DNA polymerase I
  • DNA ligase
  • DNA topoisomerase

Questão 56

Questão
A prokaryote which opens in 4 locations would generate how many replicating forks?
Responda
  • 2
  • 4
  • 6
  • 8
  • 12

Questão 57

Questão
List the acids generated during the tricarboxylic acid cycle in order starting with citric acid and give their carbon number as well.
Responda
  • Citric Acid (6) Isocitric Acid (6) Alpha-kryptoglutane Acid (5) Succinyl Acid (4) Succinic Acid (4) Fumaric Acid (4) Malic Acid (4) Oxaloacetic Acid (4)
  • Fumaric Acid (4) Malic Acid (4) Oxaloacetic Acid (4) Citric Acid (6) Isocitric Acid (6) Alpha-kryptoglutane Acid (5) Succinyl Acid (4) Succinic Acid (4)
  • Oxaloacetic Acid (4) Malic Acid (4) Fumaric Acid (4) Succinic Acid (4) Succinyl Acid (4) Alpha-kryptoglutane Acid (5) Isocitric Acid (6) Citric Acid (6)

Questão 58

Questão
Which of the following would create lactic acid?
Responda
  • Saccharomyces
  • Bacillus
  • Steptococcus
  • B and C

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