Coronary 1 Practice

Descrição

Practice for durham coronary 1 course
romalsp
Quiz por romalsp, atualizado more than 1 year ago
romalsp
Criado por romalsp mais de 9 anos atrás
2803
1

Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
The two branches of the left coronary artery are the
Responda
  • left anterior descending, left posterior descending
  • circumflex, right coronary artery
  • circumflex, left anterior descending
  • left lateral artery, circumflex

Questão 2

Questão
The heart's muscular layer that allows the heart to contract is the
Responda
  • endocardium
  • myocardium
  • epicardium
  • pericardium

Questão 3

Questão
The chamber that receives blood from the vena cavas is the
Responda
  • LA
  • RA
  • LV
  • RV

Questão 4

Questão
Atrial kick supplies the ventricles with about ________ blood volume
Responda
  • 20%
  • 50%
  • 80%
  • 100%

Questão 5

Questão
During ventricular systole, the
Responda
  • aortic and tricuspid valves close
  • tricuspid and pulmonic valves close
  • mitral and aortic valves open
  • pulmonic and aortic valves open

Questão 6

Questão
The curcumflex artery mostly supplies the
Responda
  • RA
  • lateral wall of the RV
  • septal wall of the LV
  • lateral wall of the LV

Questão 7

Questão
Cardiac Output equals
Responda
  • heart rate x stroke volume
  • heart rate x venous pressure
  • heart rate x systemic pressure
  • heart rate x atrial kick

Questão 8

Questão
Vessels that supply the heart's structures with oxygenated blood are the
Responda
  • pulmonary arteries
  • coronary arteries
  • systemic arteries
  • vena cavas

Questão 9

Questão
Spread of depolarization to the LA travels along
Responda
  • the internodal tracts
  • the bundle of HIS
  • the L bundle branch
  • Bachmann's bundle

Questão 10

Questão
The right side of the heart pumps blood into the
Responda
  • pulmonary circulation
  • aorta
  • systemic circulation
  • coronary arteries

Questão 11

Questão
Preload refers to the ventricular stretch
Responda
  • at the start of atrial systole
  • at the end of atrial diastole
  • at the start of ventricular diastole
  • at the end of ventricular diastole

Questão 12

Questão
Intrinsically, the SA node can normally initiate ______ impulses each minute
Responda
  • 29-40
  • 40-60
  • 40-80
  • 60-100

Questão 13

Questão
The PMI (point of maximum impulse) is best heard
Responda
  • at the apex of the heart
  • at the base of the heart
  • over the aortic area
  • over the pulmonic area

Questão 14

Questão
Ventricular depolarization/systole
Responda
  • propels blood to the atria
  • coincides with atrial systole
  • results from electrical stimulation
  • prevents blood flow into the coronary arteries

Questão 15

Questão
Mitral stenosis can
Responda
  • increase preload
  • decrease preload
  • increase afterload
  • decreases afterload

Questão 16

Questão
Atrial systole can also be called
Responda
  • atrial relaxation
  • atrial kick
  • atrial pressure
  • atrial repolarization

Questão 17

Questão
Rupture of a papillary muscle can
Responda
  • lead to valve regurgitation, thereby affecting SV and CO
  • decreases electrical stimulation
  • occlude a coronary artery
  • ensure electrical impulses conduct regularity

Questão 18

Questão
Which coronary artery supplies the AV node in most people
Responda
  • the R coronary artery
  • The L coronary artery
  • the LAD artery
  • the circumflex artery

Questão 19

Questão
Fast heart rates can decrease CO because of
Responda
  • an increase in SV
  • the increased force of contraction
  • the shortened ventricular filling time
  • their relaxing effect on the heart valves

Questão 20

Questão
The conduction system refers to
Responda
  • the heart's mechanical system
  • the heart's electrical system
  • the AV node's function
  • ventricular contraction

Questão 21

Questão
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the
Responda
  • pulmonary arteries
  • vena cavas
  • pulmonary veins
  • aorta

Questão 22

Questão
The tricuspid valve is located between the
Responda
  • RA and LA
  • LA and LV
  • RV and LV
  • RA and RV

Questão 23

Questão
Prior to the onset of late ventricular diastole (before atrial systole), the ventricles have
Responda
  • received about 20% of their blood volume
  • received about 80% of their blood volume
  • filled to full capacity
  • contracted

Questão 24

Questão
The CO can decrease with slow heart rates because
Responda
  • the SV cannot increase any further
  • of rapid AV conduction
  • of poor LV muscle contraction
  • of valvular dysfunction

Questão 25

Questão
The main property of the AV node is to
Responda
  • a forward 20% extra blood volume to the ventricles
  • slow impulse conduction velocity/speed
  • ensure a regular rhythm of impulse transmission
  • promote atrial systole

Questão 26

Questão
The cells' ability to initiate impulses is called
Responda
  • automaticity
  • excitability
  • conductivity
  • contractility

Questão 27

Questão
If the SA node fails, the AV junction can intrinsically generate ____ impulses per minute
Responda
  • 20-40
  • 40-60
  • 60-80
  • 80-100

Questão 28

Questão
The PMI is located at the
Responda
  • 2nd R ICS (intercostal space)
  • 2nd L ICS
  • 5th R ICS
  • 5th L ICS

Questão 29

Questão
An S3 can indicate
Responda
  • an atrial gallop
  • the apical pulse
  • heart failure
  • closure of the mitral valve

Questão 30

Questão
At the aortic area
Responda
  • S1 is louder than S2
  • S2 is louder than S1
  • S2 cannot be heard
  • S1 and S2 sound the same

Questão 31

Questão
Palpitations can be
Responda
  • sustained
  • insignificant
  • caused by the use of bronchodilators
  • any of the above

Questão 32

Questão
Pulsus alternans is characterized by
Responda
  • alternating regular and irregular rhythms
  • alternating strong and weak pulses
  • increased rate with expiration
  • decreased rate with expiration

Questão 33

Questão
Auscultation of the mitral valve is best heard at the
Responda
  • 2nd R ICS, adjacent to the sternum
  • 2nd L ICS, adjacent to the sternum
  • 5th L ICS, medial to the mid-clavicle
  • lower L sternal border

Questão 34

Questão
Acute MI pain can radiate to
Responda
  • the jaw and neck
  • the left arm
  • the back
  • any of the above

Questão 35

Questão
Unilateral leg edema can signify
Responda
  • left sided heart failure
  • superior vena cava syndrome
  • venous insufficiency
  • ventricular diastole

Questão 36

Questão
Auscultation of the pulmonic valve is best heard at the
Responda
  • 2nd R ICS
  • 2nd L ICS
  • 5th R ICS
  • 5th L ICS

Questão 37

Questão
During atrial systole, you might auscultate an
Responda
  • S1
  • S2
  • S3
  • S4

Questão 38

Questão
Elevated JVP might be visualized in the patient with
Responda
  • RV MI
  • RVF
  • cor pulmonale
  • any of the above

Questão 39

Questão
During inspection of the chest , the pulsation of the apical pulse is always visible
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
Palpation of a normal pulse strength is documented as
Responda
  • 1+
  • 2+
  • 3+
  • 4+

Questão 41

Questão
The ____ valve is heard loudest at the 2nd R ICS, adjacent to the sternum
Responda
  • Aortic
  • Pulmonic
  • Tricuspd
  • Mitral

Questão 42

Questão
Which cardiac condition would most likely cause chest pain that eases by sitting up and leaning forward?
Responda
  • Acute Paricarditis
  • CHF

Questão 43

Questão
A pneumothorax can potentially to displace the PMI
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 44

Questão
The S1 heart sound
Responda
  • represents closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
  • signifies the end of ventricular diastole
  • is heard loudest at the apex
  • all of the above

Questão 45

Questão
The S3 and S4 adventitious heart sounds
Responda
  • are best heard with the stethoscope's diaphragm
  • can indicate heart failure
  • correspond with ventricular systole
  • all of the above

Questão 46

Questão
To observe the JVP
Responda
  • turn the patient's head away from the side being examined
  • elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees
  • auscultate the 2nd L ICS
  • ensure dim lighting to distinguish the JVP shadows

Questão 47

Questão
An adventitious heart sound heard during atrial diastole would be
Responda
  • S1
  • S2
  • S3
  • S4

Questão 48

Questão
When discussing the dorsalis pedis pulse
Responda
  • palpating the R and L simultaneously is safe
  • it should always be easily palpable in normal adults
  • it is located just below the malleolus
  • its detection requires very deep palpation

Questão 49

Questão
An S4 heart sound
Responda
  • is called a ventricular gallop
  • is heard during ventricular diastole
  • is heard during atrial diastole
  • occurs before S2

Questão 50

Questão
Pulsus paradoxus is characterized by
Responda
  • alternating regular and irregular rhythms
  • alternating strong and weak pulses
  • decreased amplitude with expiration
  • decreased amplitude with inspiration

Questão 51

Questão
When listening over the mitral area, S1 is louder than S2
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 52

Questão
Normally, pulsations of the internal jugular veins
Responda
  • change in response to positioning
  • are visualized at 10cm above the suprasternal notch
  • are noticeable when the patient stands
  • all of the above

Questão 53

Questão
Syncope can be a symptom of
Responda
  • vasodilatation
  • a slow heart rate
  • excessive vagal activity
  • any of the above

Questão 54

Questão
When documenting a pulse's strength, a weak pulse is
Responda
  • 0
  • 1+
  • 2+
  • 3+

Questão 55

Questão
In which of the following conditions might the patient's chest heaviness ease if s/he rests?
Responda
  • acute pericarditis
  • dissecting aneurysm
  • stable angina
  • pulmonary embolism

Questão 56

Questão
Palpating both carotid arteries simultaneously can decrease the HR and produce syncope
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 57

Questão
An irregular pulse is always detected in patients with
Responda
  • cardiac tamponade
  • MI
  • aortic dissection
  • atrial fibrillation

Questão 58

Questão
In Lead I
Responda
  • RA is negative, LL is positive
  • LA is negative, LL is positive
  • RA is negative, LA is positive
  • RA is negative, RL is positive

Questão 59

Questão
CK elevation will be detected with
Responda
  • elevated HDLs
  • CVA
  • depolarization
  • decreased CO

Questão 60

Questão
After MI, the following LDH isoenzymes can be expected
Responda
  • LD1 and LD2 are absent
  • LD1 = LD2
  • LD1 < LD2
  • LD1 > LD2

Questão 61

Questão
Depolarization
Responda
  • is a state of excitability
  • coincides with discharge of electricity
  • results from ionic activity
  • all of the above

Questão 62

Questão
Oral anticoagulation dosing is determined by assessing the
Responda
  • CK
  • AST
  • PTT
  • PT or INR

Questão 63

Questão
The normal PR interval measures
Responda
  • less than 0.12 seconds
  • 0.12 to 0.20 seconds
  • 0.20 to 0.40 seconds
  • more than 0.40 seconds

Questão 64

Questão
The Q wave is the first ____ of a ventricular complex
Responda
  • first negative deflection
  • first positive deflection
  • second negative deflection
  • second positive deflection

Questão 65

Questão
To calculate an irregular ventricular rate
Responda
  • divide the # of small boxes between 2 QRSs into 1500
  • divide the # of large boxes between 2 QRSs into 300
  • count the # of QRSs in a 6 second strip, and x 10
  • all of the above

Questão 66

Questão
The QT interval represents the time frame for
Responda
  • ventricular depolarization to occur
  • ventricular repolarization to occur
  • ventricular depolarization and repolarization to occur

Questão 67

Questão
In lead III
Responda
  • RA is negative, LL is positive
  • LA is negative, LL is positive
  • RA is negative, LA is positive
  • RA is negative, RL is positive

Questão 68

Questão
The cardiac cycle includes
Responda
  • The P wave
  • the QRS complex
  • the T wave
  • the PQRST

Questão 69

Questão
An MI can be safely diagnosed with the CK-MB result because this isoenzyme
Responda
  • represents atrial depolarization
  • is specific to cardiac tissue
  • reflects the CO
  • causes the ventricles to contract

Questão 70

Questão
Cholesterol is carried on
Responda
  • LDL
  • AST
  • PTT
  • myoglobin

Questão 71

Questão
An impulse travelling toward the area where a positive electrode is placed is recorded as
Responda
  • a positive deflection
  • negative deflection
  • flat line
  • any of the above

Questão 72

Questão
Torsades de Pointes can result from
Responda
  • short PR intervals
  • long PR intervals
  • short QT intervals
  • long QT intervals

Questão 73

Questão
Normally, the majority of cardiac electrical activity travels to the electrode placed on the
Responda
  • RA
  • LA
  • Rl
  • LL

Questão 74

Questão
The P wave represents
Responda
  • atrial depolarization
  • ventricular depolarization
  • ventricular repolarization
  • conduction through the AV node

Questão 75

Questão
The QT interval
Responda
  • starts at the onset of the QRS complex
  • ends after the T wave
  • should be less than half the R-R interval
  • all of the above

Questão 76

Questão
Prior to obtaining lipid studies
Responda
  • the CK-MB must be elevated
  • patients must be fasting
  • the INR must be within normal range
  • CO must be satisfactory

Questão 77

Questão
The QRS complex
Responda
  • should measure more than 0.10 seconds
  • reflects ventricular depolarization
  • always has a Q, an R, and an S wave
  • all of the above

Questão 78

Questão
Heparin dosing is determined by assessing the
Responda
  • PTT
  • PT
  • INR

Questão 79

Questão
The PR interval is measured from the
Responda
  • start of the P wave to the start of the QRS
  • start of the P wave to the end of the QRS
  • end of the P wave to the start of the QRS
  • end of the P wave to the end of the QRS

Questão 80

Questão
Which troponins can be evaluated to detect myocardial damage?
Responda
  • troponins I and C
  • troponins I and T
  • troponins T and C
  • troponins I, T, and C

Questão 81

Questão
Ventricular repolarization is reflected by the
Responda
  • P wave
  • QRS complex
  • T wave
  • PR interval

Questão 82

Questão
In lead II
Responda
  • RA is negative, LL is positive
  • LA is negative, LL is positive
  • RA is negative, LA is positive
  • RA is negative, RL is positive

Questão 83

Questão
Six seconds on ECG paper includes
Responda
  • 15 small boxes
  • 15 large boxes
  • 30 small boxes
  • 30 large boxes

Questão 84

Questão
Which of the following ST segments is abnormal?
Responda
  • 0.5mm below the baseline
  • 0.5mm above the baseline
  • the iso-electric ST segment
  • 2mm above the baseline

Questão 85

Questão
The normal ventricle requires ____ to contract
Responda
  • < 0.02 seconds
  • < 0.10 seconds
  • > 0.12 seconds
  • > 0.20 seconds

Questão 86

Questão
The CK begins to elevate ____ after muscle damage
Responda
  • 4-6 hours
  • 10-15 hours
  • 12-24 hours
  • 24-36 hours

Questão 87

Questão
The patient with a prosthetic mechanical valve, whose INR is 1.2 needs
Responda
  • to increase his warfarin dosage
  • to decrease his warfarin dosage
  • to maintain his same/usual warfarin dose
  • to withold the next warfarin dose

Questão 88

Questão
In lead II, normal ventricular depolarization produces a
Responda
  • P wave with a positive deflection
  • P wave with a negative deflection
  • QRS with a positive deflection
  • QRS with a negative deflection

Questão 89

Questão
The normal CK-MB
Responda
  • varies according to the HDL
  • is less than 5% of the total CK
  • will elevate with cerebral injury

Questão 90

Questão
Spinach and other foods rich in Vitamin K can
Responda
  • increase the CK and AST
  • decrease the CK and AST
  • increase clotting times
  • decrease clotting times

Questão 91

Questão
Repolarization
Responda
  • represents a state of excitability
  • is a state of relaxation
  • indicates that the ventricles are contracting
  • is reflective of myocardial damage

Questão 92

Questão
The time reflected between each darkened 'bold' line on ECG paper is
Responda
  • 0.02 seconds
  • 0.04 seconds
  • 0.12 seconds
  • 0.20 seconds

Questão 93

Questão
The R wave
Responda
  • is positively deflected
  • indicates that the atria are contracting
  • measures > 0.20 seconds
  • reflects conduction through the AV node

Questão 94

Questão
When QRS complexes occur at intervals with slight variances of < 0.12 seconds
Responda
  • extra P waves are always seen
  • the ventricles are not depolarizing
  • the rate is always rapid
  • the rhythm is considered regular

Questão 95

Questão
In the heart with a normal conduction system
Responda
  • extra P waves are seen
  • each P wave is followed by a QRS
  • P waves differ in morphology (appearance)
  • the absence of P waves is expected

Questão 96

Questão
The negatively deflected wave indicates that the impulse
Responda
  • has not been generated
  • is travelling toward a positive electrode
  • is travelling away from a positive electrode
  • requires stronger electrical current

Questão 97

Questão
U waves
Responda
  • should deflect in the same direction as the T wave
  • are only 1/4 the height of the T wave
  • may be absent on the normal rhythm strip
  • all of the above

Questão 98

Questão
Colour of RA
Responda
  • Black
  • Green
  • Brown
  • White
  • Red

Questão 99

Questão
Colour of LA
Responda
  • black
  • green
  • brown
  • red

Questão 100

Questão
Colour of RL
Responda
  • red
  • green
  • black
  • white

Questão 101

Questão
Colour of LL
Responda
  • brown
  • green
  • red
  • black

Questão 102

Questão
Colour of Precordium (V lead)
Responda
  • red
  • black
  • green
  • brown

Questão 103

Questão
Sinus tachycardia can be caused by
Responda
  • excessive vagal stimulation
  • beta-blockers, digoxin
  • verapamil, adenosine
  • fever, anxiety, atropine

Questão 104

Questão
Syncope can be a manifestation of any tachycardia because
Responda
  • the HR is too slow
  • ventricular depolarization does not occur
  • ventricular filling times are shortened
  • vagal activity is excessive

Questão 105

Questão
Carotid sinus massage can lead to
Responda
  • sinus bradycardia
  • sinus block
  • sinus arrest
  • any of the above

Questão 106

Questão
In atrial flutter
Responda
  • all atrial impulses always reach the ventricles
  • the AR is always slow
  • the PR interval is not measurable
  • the QRS complexes are always wide

Questão 107

Questão
The initial energy level required to convert PAT is
Responda
  • 50 joules
  • 100 joules
  • 200 joules
  • 300 joules

Questão 108

Questão
Junctional escape rhythm can deteriorate to
Responda
  • IVR
  • VT
  • junctional tachycardia
  • any of the above

Questão 109

Questão
The distinguishable features of Wenckebach are
Responda
  • constant PR interval, AR = VR
  • constant PR interval, AR > VR
  • variable PR interval, AR = VR
  • variable PR interval, AR > VR

Questão 110

Questão
Multifocal PVCs are reflected as
Responda
  • frequent beats
  • different looking beats
  • beats occurring regularly
  • missing beats

Questão 111

Questão
A regular rhythm with an AR of 110, VR of 110, constant PR interval of 0.12 seconds, QRS complexes of 0.08 seconds is
Responda
  • sinus tachycardia
  • PAT
  • atrial fibrillation
  • VT

Questão 112

Questão
The most distinguishable feature of atrial fibrillation is
Responda
  • a rapid ventricular rate
  • an irregular rhythm
  • variable PR intervals
  • wide QRS complexes

Questão 113

Questão
Lidocaine is often effective in treating ventricular rhythms because it
Responda
  • enhances ventricular depolarization
  • improves atrial automaticity
  • suppresses ventricular irritability
  • blocks PSNS activity

Questão 114

Questão
A defibrillator should be quickly accessible for the patient in third degree AV block because this block can deteriorate to
Responda
  • VT
  • Wenckebach
  • IVR
  • sinus bradycardia

Questão 115

Questão
Sinus arrest can be caused by
Responda
  • atropine
  • excessive SNS stimulation
  • caffeine, nicotine
  • digoxin toxicity

Questão 116

Questão
PAT with an AR of 240 beats/minute would always have
Responda
  • a slower VR
  • regular rhythm
  • normal PR intervals
  • visible P waves

Questão 117

Questão
In atrial fibrillation, reduced CO can result from
Responda
  • the rapid SA node rate of impulse formation
  • the irregular ventricular rhythm
  • disorganized, chaotic atrial quivering
  • shortened PR intervals

Questão 118

Questão
Initial shock treatment of pulseless VT is
Responda
  • cardioversion, starting with 200 joules
  • cardioversion, starting with 300 joules
  • defibrillation, starting with 200 joules
  • defibrillation, starting with 300 joules

Questão 119

Questão
The ____ generates impulses in all heart blocks
Responda
  • SA node
  • atria
  • AV junction
  • ventricles

Questão 120

Questão
Treatment is rarely needed for first degree AV block because
Responda
  • the CO is usually satisfactory
  • the PR intervals are normal
  • the AV junction is initiating all impulses
  • the ventricles are using their property of automaticity

Questão 121

Questão
The P wave may be difficult to distinguish with a PAC, but the P wave occurs because the ____ depolarize
Responda
  • Ventricles
  • SA Node
  • Atria
  • AV Node

Questão 122

Questão
Symptoms associated with junctional escape rhythm result from
Responda
  • shortened ventricular filling time
  • shortened atrial filling time
  • slower heart rate
  • rapid heart rate

Questão 123

Questão
A regular rhythm with an atrial rate of 68, VR of 68, constant PR intervals of 0.28 seconds, QRS complexes of 0.08 seconds is
Responda
  • first degree AV block
  • second degree, Wenckebach
  • second degree, Mobitz II
  • third degree AV block

Questão 124

Questão
A ventricular rate of less than 100 beats/minute can be seen in
Responda
  • sinus bradycardia
  • atrial fibrillation
  • Wenckebach
  • all of the above

Questão 125

Questão
The initial energy level required to cardiovert atrial flutter is
Responda
  • 50 joules
  • 100 joules
  • 200 joules
  • 300 joules

Questão 126

Questão
The P waves in junctional beats and rhythms can
Responda
  • be inverted
  • be buried/lost in the QRS complexes
  • follow the QRS complexes
  • any of the above

Questão 127

Questão
Decreased CO in AIVR is due to
Responda
  • loss of atrial kick
  • slow AV conduction
  • the excessively rapid HR
  • rapid AV conduction

Questão 128

Questão
The patient in VF has
Responda
  • inverted P waves
  • shortened PR intervals
  • normal QRS complexes
  • none of the above

Questão 129

Questão
The PR interval in Mobitz II can be normal or prolonged
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 130

Questão
Treatment for frequent PVCs might include
Responda
  • verapamil, adenosine, pacemaker
  • carotid sinus massage
  • atropine, epinephrine
  • lidocaine, pronestyl, potassium

Questão 131

Questão
Potential for clot formation in atrial fibrillation is due to
Responda
  • atrial quivering
  • excessive stimulants
  • increased CO
  • ventricular automaticity

Questão 132

Questão
Atrial and ventricular contractions are not synchronized at all in
Responda
  • first degree AV block
  • second degree, Wenckebach
  • second degree, Mobitz II
  • third degree AV block

Questão 133

Questão
Symptoms of decreased CO can potentially be experienced with
Responda
  • JT
  • PAT
  • IVR
  • any arrhythmia

Questão 134

Questão
Cells in the AV junction have the property of ____ which allows cells in the AV junction to initiate/generate junctional beats/rhythms
Responda
  • conduction
  • automaticity
  • regularity
  • electricity

Questão 135

Questão
Repolarization in ventricular beats/rhythms is reflected as T waves that
Responda
  • are absent
  • deflect in the same direction as the QRS
  • deflect opposite to the QRS deflection
  • are peaked

Questão 136

Questão
VT with a pulse is treated with
Responda
  • cardioversion, starting with 100 joules
  • cardioversion, starting with 300 joules
  • defibrillation, starting with 100 joules
  • defibrillation, starting with 300 joules

Questão 137

Questão
The term SVT can be used to describe
Responda
  • junctional tachycardia
  • uncontrolled atrial fibrillation
  • PAT
  • any rapid rhythm that originates above the ventricles

Questão 138

Questão
A rhythm with an AR of 86, a VR of 30, variable, erratic PR intervals with no pattern, and QRS complexes measuring 0.14 seconds is
Responda
  • sinus arrhythmia
  • atrial fibrillation
  • second degree, Wenckebach
  • third degree AV block

Questão 139

Questão
The PR intervals cannot be measured in ventricular rhythms because of
Responda
  • absent atrial depolarization
  • shortened conduction through the AV node
  • decreased CO
  • all of the above

Questão 140

Questão
If a PR interval can be measured in junctional beats/rhythms, it characteristicly measures ____ seconds
Responda
  • <0.12
  • >0.12
  • <0.08
  • >0.08

Questão 141

Questão
Which patient has the more serious block?
Responda
  • AR 96, VR 48, constant PR 0.24 seconds, QRS 0.20 seconds
  • AR 80, VR 40, constant PR 0.22 seconds, QRS 0.10 seconds
  • AR 90, VR 45, constant PR 0.26 seconds, QRS 0.08 seconds

Questão 142

Questão
Initial treatment of pulseless VT is
Responda
  • lidocaine
  • procainamide
  • cardioversion
  • defibrillation

Questão 143

Questão
When each and every impulse from the SA node is blocked at the AV node, the rhythm is
Responda
  • third degree block
  • junctional escape rhythm
  • atrial fibrillation
  • Mobitz II

Questão 144

Questão
The drug treatment of choice for symptomatic IVR is
Responda
  • Atropine
  • Lidocaine
  • Epinepherine
  • Adenosine

Questão 145

Questão
Absent P waves in junctional beats/rhythms result from
Responda
  • rapid atrial depolarization
  • the excessively slow ventricular rate
  • simultaneous atrial and ventricular depolarization
  • atrial contraction that occurs after ventricular contraction

Questão 146

Questão
Decreased CO in VT is due to
Responda
  • prolonged PR intervals
  • the rapid ventricular rate
  • the AV node's slow rate of impulse conduction
  • rapid atrial depolarization

Questão 147

Questão
In Wenckebach
Responda
  • P waves occur at regular intervals
  • there are more P waves than QRS complexes
  • P waves are normal and all look the same
  • all of the above

Questão 148

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • sinus arrhythmia
  • sinus bradycardia
  • A Fib

Questão 149

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • Sinus Tachycardia
  • SVT
  • VT
  • VF

Questão 150

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • sinus rhythm
  • First degree AV block
  • A flutter
  • Mobitz !!

Questão 151

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • sinus bradycardia
  • sinus rhythm
  • 3rd Degree AV block
  • A Fib

Questão 152

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • Mobitz !I
  • 3rd degree AV block
  • Wenckbach
  • A Fib

Questão 153

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____ (include the entire strip, not just the abnormality)
Responda
  • A Fib
  • Sinus arrhythmia with PJC
  • sinus bradycardia with PJC

Questão 154

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • VT
  • V Fib
  • PEA
  • Conduction problem

Questão 155

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • IVR
  • Sinus bradycardia
  • A Fib
  • 1st degree heart block

Questão 156

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • First degree AV block
  • Sinus rhythm
  • Mobitz !!
  • Passive junctional rhythm

Questão 157

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • V Fib
  • A Fib
  • A Flutter
  • Sinus Tachycardia

Questão 158

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____ (include the entire strip, not just the abnormality)
Responda
  • Normal sinus rhythm with sinus pause
  • 1st degree AV block
  • Mobitz !!
  • IVR

Questão 159

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • Mobitz !!
  • 1st Degree AV block
  • 3rd Degree AV block
  • Wenckebach

Questão 160

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • VF
  • VT
  • IVR

Questão 161

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • 3rd Degree AV block
  • Mobitz II
  • Junctional
  • IVR

Questão 162

Questão
The arrhythmia on this link is called ____
Responda
  • NSR with PVC's
  • NSR with PAC's
  • Ventricular Trigeminy
  • Mobitz II

Questão 163

Questão
CAD modifiable risk factors include
Responda
  • smoking, diet
  • gender, age
  • exercise, genetics
  • diet, race

Questão 164

Questão
Occlusion of the LAD artery would result in
Responda
  • lateral wall MI
  • anterior wall MI
  • right atrial MI
  • posterior wall MI

Questão 165

Questão
Which one of the heart's layers is damaged with a non-Q wave MI?
Responda
  • Mesoderm
  • Endocardium
  • Epicardium
  • Myocardium

Questão 166

Questão
With angina and following MI, semi-fowler's position is preferred, to
Responda
  • reverse the necrotic destruction
  • increase autonomic nervous system activity
  • increase systemic oxygenation through lung expansion
  • reduce the Cardiac Output

Questão 167

Questão
Hepatomegaly occurs in RVF because
Responda
  • the spleen enlarges
  • the liver is necrotic
  • of increased pressure in the hepatic veins
  • of the development of arrhythmias

Questão 168

Questão
Following MI, the zone of injury
Responda
  • has irreversibly damaged cells
  • is necrotic
  • causes atrial depolarization
  • has jeopardized cell

Questão 169

Questão
The risk of CAD decreases with menopause
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 170

Questão
CAD indicates
Responda
  • heart failure
  • decreased coronary artery blood flow
  • the presence of arrhythmias
  • MI

Questão 171

Questão
Stable angina pain usually subsides with
Responda
  • rest, nitroglycerine
  • morphine, oxygen
  • nitroglycerine, morphine
  • morphine, ASA

Questão 172

Questão
Pathological Q waves are
Responda
  • reflective of tissue ischemia
  • reflective of tissue injury
  • 25% the height of the R waves
  • all of the above

Questão 173

Questão
Decreasing preload in LVF can be accomplished with the use of
Responda
  • diuretics
  • morphine
  • vasodilators
  • all of the above

Questão 174

Questão
Obese people and patients who rarely exercise are more prone to
Responda
  • elevated HDL's
  • decreased HDL's

Questão 175

Questão
Cessation of pain following an 'anginal attack' indicates that
Responda
  • platelets are no longer adhering to the arteries
  • arrhythmias have developed
  • myocardial oxygen needs are met
  • myocardial tissues are fully necrotic

Questão 176

Questão
The LV lateral wall MI is secondary to occlusion of the
Responda
  • positive artery
  • lateral vein
  • RCA
  • circumflex artery

Questão 177

Questão
The ECG sign of tissue necrosis is
Responda
  • the development of ventricular rhythms
  • bradycardia
  • pathological Q waves
  • ST segment changes

Questão 178

Questão
Not monitoring the control and balance of systemic fluid can result in
Responda
  • hyponatremia
  • hypokalemia
  • dehydration
  • any of the above

Questão 179

Questão
HDLs are
Responda
  • elevated in consumers of moderate amounts of wine
  • metabolized by the liver
  • sometimes called the 'good' lipoprotein
  • all of the above

Questão 180

Questão
Following plaque rupture, the following components begin to adhere to the plaque
Responda
  • fibrin, thrombin
  • platelets, fibrin
  • thrombin, platelets
  • platelets, thrombin, fibrin

Questão 181

Questão
Chest pain experienced with unstable angina
Responda
  • is predictable and reproducible
  • is always relieved with nitroglycerine
  • occurs more frequently and with less effort
  • always lasts less than five minutes

Questão 182

Questão
Tachycardia in LVF develops
Responda
  • due to enhanced vagal activity
  • to improve the CO
  • to limit the SV
  • all of the above

Questão 183

Questão
Isolated RVF is more common following
Responda
  • inferior wall MI
  • lateral wall MI
  • anterior wall MI
  • right ventricular MI

Questão 184

Questão
CAD symptoms generally begin to occur when the coronary arteries are about ____ % occluded
Responda
  • 25
  • 50
  • 75
  • 85

Questão 185

Questão
Nitroglycerine reduces afterload by
Responda
  • increasing venous capacitance
  • decreasing venous capacitance
  • increasing systemic vascular resistance
  • decreasing systeming vascular resistance

Questão 186

Questão
In left sided heart failure
Responda
  • blood flow from the RA to the LA is impeded
  • LA pressure decreases
  • the RV has injured cells
  • pulmonary venous pressure increases

Questão 187

Questão
Elevated HDL levels would most likely be found in
Responda
  • diabetics
  • pre-menopausal women
  • cigarette smokers
  • overweight patients

Questão 188

Questão
During the initial acute phase of an MI, oxygen is administered
Responda
  • when ventricular arrhythmias are imminent
  • when AV blocks develop
  • when the patient complains of chest pain
  • Always

Questão 189

Questão
Elevated JVP is seen in RVF because of
Responda
  • increased LV pressure
  • increased superior vena cava pressure
  • increased thrombi formation
  • increased pulmonary venous pressure

Questão 190

Questão
The personality type that is most prone to CAD is known as a type ____ personality
Responda
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Questão 191

Questão
Provoking factors for MI can be
Responda
  • the same as those for stable angina
  • the same as those for unstable angina
  • absent (no obvious provoking factors)
  • all of the above

Questão 192

Questão
Decreased CO in LVF results from
Responda
  • right ventricular failure
  • decreased vagal activity and hyponatremia
  • ST segment and T wave changes
  • decreased LV compliance and SV

Questão 193

Questão
The first intervention in pulmonary edema should always be
Responda
  • diuretic therapy
  • oxygen therapy
  • vasodilatation
  • controlling arrhythmias

Questão 194

Questão
The patient in PEA
Responda
  • requires CPR
  • displays electrical activity on the cardiac monitor
  • has no palpable pulse
  • all of the above

Questão 195

Questão
The main goal in cardiac tamponade is to
Responda
  • enhance SNS dominance
  • decrease AV conduction
  • enhance AV node automaticity
  • decrease pressure within the pericardial sac

Questão 196

Questão
The compensatory SNS effect in cardiogenic shock is temporary because
Responda
  • all the heart's valves are necrotic
  • the SV cannot increase further to help improve the CO
  • pulses are not palpable
  • fluid interferes with oxygenation

Questão 197

Questão
Dopamine can be part of the treatment plan in cardiogenic shock to
Responda
  • improve systolic BP
  • cause vasoconstriction
  • improve myocardial contractility
  • all of the above

Questão 198

Questão
Serious and sinister arrhythmias can occur in pulmonary edema because
Responda
  • electrical conduction structures are poorly oxygenated
  • of increased pressure in the pericardial sac
  • there is no electrical activity
  • of increased myocardial contractility

Questão 199

Questão
In cardiac tamponade, blood ejected during ventricular systole is decreased
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 200

Questão
Ventricular rupture can occur following
Responda
  • transmural inferior wall MI
  • transmural anterior wall MI
  • transmural lateral wall MI
  • any transmural MI

Questão 201

Questão
Heparin induced cardiac tamponade is treated with
Responda
  • cardioversion
  • defibrillation
  • heparin
  • protamine sulfate

Questão 202

Questão
In cardiogenic shock, urine volume
Responda
  • decreases
  • increases
  • remains unchanged

Questão 203

Questão
Blood tinged sputum in pulmonary edema results from
Responda
  • changes in clotting factors
  • hemorrhages in the pulmonary system
  • airway narrowing
  • increased pressure in the RA

Questão 204

Questão
The signs or features known as Beck's triad are
Responda
  • elevated JVP, muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus
  • elevated JVP, hypotension, pulsus paradoxus
  • narrowed pulse pressure, hypotension, muffled heart sounds
  • muffled heart sounds, tachycardia, hypotension

Questão 205

Questão
Cardiogenic shock
Responda
  • results in extensive organ underperfusion
  • only develops secondary to MI
  • causes venous oxygenation to increase
  • all of the above

Questão 206

Questão
Morphine is effective in pulmonary edema because it
Responda
  • alleviates arrhythmias
  • increases the HR
  • reduces preload
  • improves myocardial contractility

Questão 207

Questão
In cardiac tamponade
Responda
  • diastolic ejection is impaired
  • diastolic filling is impaired
  • systolic ejection is normal
  • systolic filling is normal

Questão 208

Questão
The patient in pulmonary edema will most likely develop
Responda
  • bradycardia
  • tachycardia
  • a slow ventricular rhythm
  • third degree block

Questão 209

Questão
In cardiogenic shock, fluids are
Responda
  • limited to prevent marked hypotension
  • infused to maintain intravascular volume
  • limited to prevent overloading the kidneys
  • infused to counteract hypertension

Questão 210

Questão
Sodium bicarbonate might be administered in cardiogenic shock to
Responda
  • control the HR
  • reverse acidosis
  • reverse alkalosis
  • control ventricular ectopic activity

Questão 211

Questão
To improve CO in pulmonary edema
Responda
  • the SV increases
  • the HR increases
  • preload increases
  • afterload increases

Questão 212

Questão
Fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac leading to cardiac tamponade, can develop
Responda
  • very slowly
  • very rapidly
  • slowly or rapidly

Questão 213

Questão
In cardiogenic shock, the
Responda
  • systolic and diastolic BP increase concurrently
  • systolic and diastolic BP fall concurrently
  • systolic BP falls before the diastolic BP
  • diastolic BP falls before the systolic BP

Questão 214

Questão
Patients in cardiogenic shock develop anginal chest pain because of
Responda
  • the development of sinister arrhythmias
  • coronary artery underperfusion
  • hypertension
  • tachycardia secondary to SNS stimulation

Questão 215

Questão
Decreasing the respiratory rate in pulmonary edema will help to
Responda
  • decrease preload
  • decrease afterload
  • improve cardiac contractility
  • increase the HR

Questão 216

Questão
Myocardial injury associated with cardiac tamponade is reflected by
Responda
  • absent P waves
  • Q waves
  • ST segment changes
  • prolonged PR intervals

Questão 217

Questão
Tachycardia occurs in cardiac tamponade to
Responda
  • encourage narrowing of pulse pressure
  • increase venous return
  • compensate for the decreased SV
  • promote ventricular ectopic activity

Questão 218

Questão
To promote healthy elimination following MI, the following is administered
Responda
  • stool softeners
  • enemas
  • suppositories
  • all of the above

Questão 219

Questão
It is common to hear an ____ when auscultating the patient in pulmonary edema
Responda
  • S4
  • S3

Questão 220

Questão
Pulse pressure refers to the difference between the
Responda
  • standing and sitting blood pressures
  • arterial and venous blood pressures
  • systolic and diastolic blood pressures

Questão 221

Questão
Diuretics administered to the cardiac patient can
Responda
  • decrease preload
  • improve urinary output
  • cause hypotension
  • all of the above

Questão 222

Questão
In pulmonary edema, airflow ____ the alveoli is diminished
Responda
  • to
  • from
  • to and from

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