NMS Set 4 Quiz - The somatic, autonomic and enteric nervous systems.

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Quiz por . ., atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por . . mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
What is important about the lateral horn in relation to motor function?
Responda
  • It is the part of the spinal cord where motor output originates from the autonomic nervous system
  • It carries ascending signals to the brain
  • It is the part of the spinal cord where sensory input travels from the periphery to the motor cortex

Questão 2

Questão
What is the joining of the sensory and motor fibres called (shown by the green circle)?
Responda
  • Spinal nerve
  • Hybrid nerve
  • Hybrid root
  • Dorsal root ganglion

Questão 3

Questão
The spinal cord exists between which spinal levels?
Responda
  • C1 to L2
  • C2 to L1
  • C2 to S5
  • C1 to S5

Questão 4

Questão
How many spinal nerves are there in total?
Responda
  • 31
  • 30
  • 25
  • 60

Questão 5

Questão
How many cervical spinal nerves are there?
Responda
  • 8
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7

Questão 6

Questão
How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?
Responda
  • 12
  • 10
  • 14
  • 9

Questão 7

Questão
How many lumbar spinal nerves are there?
Responda
  • 5
  • 10
  • 12
  • 3

Questão 8

Questão
How many sacral spinal nerves are there?
Responda
  • 5
  • 4
  • 8
  • 12

Questão 9

Questão
How many coccygeal spinal nerves are there?
Responda
  • 1
  • 2
  • 5
  • 4

Questão 10

Questão
The cervical plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
Responda
  • C1-C5
  • C5-T1
  • L1-L4
  • L4-S4

Questão 11

Questão
The brachial plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
Responda
  • C1-C5
  • C5-T1
  • L1-L4
  • L4-S4

Questão 12

Questão
The lumbar plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
Responda
  • C1-C5
  • C5-T1
  • L1-L4
  • L4-S4

Questão 13

Questão
The sacral plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
Responda
  • C1-C5
  • C5-T1
  • L1-L4
  • L4-S4

Questão 14

Questão
A dermatome is what?
Responda
  • An area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation

Questão 15

Questão
A myotome is what?
Responda
  • An area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
  • An area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation

Questão 16

Questão
Chickenpox may reactivate as shingles and effect particular spinal nerves, causing a rash that maps to a particular area of skin that the relevant nerve innervates (dermatome).
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 17

Questão
What does the red question mark show?
Responda
  • Central sulcus
  • Lateral sulcus
  • Occipital sulcus
  • Post-central gyrus

Questão 18

Questão
What does the purple question mark show?
Responda
  • Central sulcus
  • Lateral sulcus
  • Parieto-occipital sulcus
  • Longitudinal fissure

Questão 19

Questão
What does the orange question mark show?
Responda
  • Parieto-occipital sulcus
  • Lateral sulcus
  • Posterior sulcus
  • Longitudinal fissure

Questão 20

Questão
What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system?
Responda
  • Noradrenaline
  • Acetylcholine
  • Glutamate
  • Vasopressin

Questão 21

Questão
What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Responda
  • Glutamate
  • Acetylcholine
  • Noradrenaline
  • Adrenaline

Questão 22

Questão
Stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by parasympathetic nerve fibres helps to increase gut motility.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 23

Questão
What routes can a pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron take?
Responda
  • Travel through the white ramus communicans and ascend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a higher level
  • Travel through the white ramus communicans and descend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a lower level
  • Travel through the white ramus communicans and synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at the same level
  • Travel through the white ramus communicans and pass through the sympathetic ganglion without synapsing

Questão 24

Questão
Most organs are dual innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. They always have antagonistic effects to one another.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 25

Questão
In some organs that are innervated exclusively by the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system, how is autonomic activity regulated?
Responda
  • Like a volume control
  • Parasympathetic hormones circulate in the blood to counter sympathetic effects and vice versa

Questão 26

Questão
What is meant by diffuse neurotransmission? Where does it occur?
Responda
  • Somatic nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system
  • A single neuron branches into many varicosities which contain neurotransmitter that can be released to co-ordinate widespread effects
  • A single neuron releases neurotransmitter that causes an effect in one particular target

Questão 27

Questão
Sympathetic activity causes vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle blood vessels.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 28

Questão
Post-ganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands, part of the sympathetic nervous system, release Noradrenaline to stimulate sweat glands.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
The SNS and PNS have an antagonistic effect on the same muscle which causes pupillary dilation and constriction respectively.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
What receptors does Ach act at?
Responda
  • Muscarinic
  • Nicotinic
  • Adrenergic
  • Monoaminergic

Questão 31

Questão
What receptor does noradrenaline act at?
Responda
  • Nicotinic
  • Muscarinic
  • Adrenergic
  • Monoaminergic

Questão 32

Questão
Name the agonists of muscarinic receptors
Responda
  • Pilocarpine
  • Ach
  • Bethanechol
  • Atropine
  • Hyoscine
  • Tropicamide

Questão 33

Questão
Name the competitive antagonists of muscarinic receptors
Responda
  • Atropine
  • Hyoscine
  • Tropicamide
  • Ach
  • Pilocarpine
  • Bethanechol

Questão 34

Questão
Name a non-competitive antagonist at nicotinic receptors
Responda
  • Hexamethonium
  • Pilocarpine
  • Atropine
  • Aliskiren

Questão 35

Questão
Noradrenaline binding at alpha adrenoreceptors causes vasoconstriction.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
The heart contains beta 1 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the heart?
Responda
  • Increased heart rate
  • Increased contractility
  • Decreased heart rate
  • Decreased contractility

Questão 37

Questão
The lungs contains beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the lung?
Responda
  • Bronchodilation
  • Bronchoconstriction

Questão 38

Questão
Blood vessels may contain beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the blood vessels?
Responda
  • Vasodilation
  • Vasoconstriction

Questão 39

Questão
The bladder contains beta 3 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the bladder?
Responda
  • Relaxation
  • Contraction

Questão 40

Questão
What myenteric plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?
Responda
  • Mucosa
  • Circular muscle
  • Longitudinal muscle

Questão 41

Questão
What submucosal plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?
Responda
  • Mucosa
  • Circular muscle
  • Longitudinal muscle

Questão 42

Questão
The myenteric plexus is the co-ordinator of muscular reflexes such as peristalsis.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 43

Questão
What excitatory neurotransmitters help to contract the gut in peristalsis (green question mark)?
Responda
  • Substance P
  • Ach
  • NO
  • VIP
  • ATP

Questão 44

Questão
What inhibitory neurotransmitters help to relax the gut in peristalsis (red question mark)?
Responda
  • Substance P
  • Ach
  • VIP
  • NO
  • ATP

Questão 45

Questão
The submucosal plexus co-ordinates secretory enzyme and acid release in response to...
Responda
  • Mechanical distension
  • Chemical detection
  • Pressure detection

Questão 46

Questão
The CNS can influence the ENS.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 47

Questão
The myenteric plexus releases vasoactive substances.
Responda
  • True
  • False

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