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Applied linguistic 2001

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test from 2001
Ros Agnieszka
Quiz por Ros Agnieszka, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Ros Agnieszka
Criado por Ros Agnieszka mais de 9 anos atrás
34
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
01. The view of first language acqusition (FLA) as represented in a model by Chomsky (1965) is the following: ? -> LAD -> G - What is the missing component?
Responda
  • A. Primary Linguistic Data
  • B. Universal Grammar
  • C. General Cognitive Mechanism
  • D. Linguistic Competence

Questão 2

Questão
02. The capacity to understand and produce language is concentrated for most children in
Responda
  • A. the left brain hemisphere
  • B. both hemispheres
  • C. the right brain hemisphere
  • D. brain areas not investigated yet

Questão 3

Questão
03. Interference is thought to be the result of
Responda
  • A. Negative transfer
  • B. Fossilization
  • C. Backsliding
  • D. Proactive inhibition

Questão 4

Questão
04. Which personality feature is part of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
Responda
  • A. Anxiety
  • B. Empathy
  • C. Risk-taking
  • D. Inhibition

Questão 5

Questão
05. According to the Capability Continuum Model of SLA (Tarone 1988), we can predict that the use of the third person singular -s will be most frequent in the following contexts
Responda
  • A. simple and careful
  • B. simple and vernacular
  • C. complex and careful
  • D. complex and vernacular

Questão 6

Questão
06. Chunks of language that are stored as complete or partially analysed units are called:
Responda
  • A. formulas
  • B. prototypes
  • C. illocutionary acts
  • D. vertical constructions

Questão 7

Questão
07. A model of language that views L2 acquisition as involving a complex network of interconnections between units rather than rules is referred to as
Responda
  • A. processibility theory
  • B. the Modularity Model
  • C. parallel distibuted processing
  • D. Parameter-setting model

Questão 8

Questão
08. The process by which learners utilise discourse to help them construct structures which remain outside learners' competence is described as
Responda
  • A. inferencing
  • B. scaffolding
  • C. paraphrasing
  • D. hypothesis-testing

Questão 9

Questão
09. Which theory of language acquisition accepts the notion of 'poverty of the stimulus'?
Responda
  • A. Humanist
  • B. Error Analysis
  • C. Mentalist
  • D. Neurofunctional

Questão 10

Questão
10. The use of 'writed' in place of 'wrote' is an example of
Responda
  • A. transfer
  • B. interference
  • C. overgeneralization
  • D. overuse

Questão 11

Questão
11. The vernacular is the style in which
Responda
  • A. minimum attention is given to monitoring speech
  • B. maximum attention is given to monitoring speech
  • C. a learner uses the most comples linguistic forms
  • D. a learner uses the least complex linguistic forms

Questão 12

Questão
12. Speech patterns of New Yorkers were examined by Labov (1970). Which of the following models of competence did he use?
Responda
  • A. homogeneous
  • B. heterogeneous
  • C. dual
  • D. none of the above

Questão 13

Questão
13. Indicate the one individual learner factor which can be modified?
Responda
  • A. aptitude
  • B. age
  • C. learning style
  • D. motivation

Questão 14

Questão
14. Rate and success of SLA seem to be strongly influenced by the age of the learner. Snow and Hoefnagel-Hohle (1978) found out that Duth L2 learners who learnt most rapidly were in the following age group:
Responda
  • A. 4 to 11 years
  • B. 12 to 15 years
  • C. 16 to 21 years
  • D. over 21

Questão 15

Questão
15. A field-dependent person can be characterised as
Responda
  • A. analytic
  • B. inhibited
  • C. holistic
  • D. more successful in naturalistic SLA

Questão 16

Questão
16. A sort of defensiveness associated with increased self-consciousness which discourages risk-taking necessary for obtaining input is referred to as
Responda
  • A. anomie
  • B. alienation
  • C. empathy
  • D. inhibition

Questão 17

Questão
17. Which of the following statements about the nature of "motherease" is not true?
Responda
  • A. The way mothers talk to their children influences how correctly they use the language
  • B. The way mothers talk to their children influences how rapidly they acquire the language
  • C. Parents have a general idea of their child's linguistic ability
  • D. One of the main functions of 'motherease' is language teaching

Questão 18

Questão
18. In the process of inferencing a new rule is
Responda
  • A. derived by means of transfer
  • B. derived by means of overgeneralisation
  • C. induced from the input
  • D. induced from the output

Questão 19

Questão
19. When the learner has a problem locating the required item but decides to persevere (waiting, using semantic field or other languages), he uses:
Responda
  • A. co-operative strategies
  • B. non-cooperative strategies
  • C. reduction strategies
  • D. retrieval strategies

Questão 20

Questão
20. Which of the following adjectives are marked? (1) fast (2) slow (3) young (4) old
Responda
  • A. (1) and (2)
  • B. (3) and (4)
  • C. (2) and (3)
  • D. (1) and (4)

Questão 21

Questão
21. Which of the following is not one of the typological universals?
Responda
  • A. substantive
  • B. implicational
  • C. functional
  • D. formal

Questão 22

Questão
22. What prediction can you make about the transfer from L1 to L2? (M) Marked (U) unmarked. What is X and Y?
Image:
f09d8977-f832-4e51-895c-5448578a2460 (image/jpg)
Responda
  • A (X=U, Y=U)
  • B (X=M, Y=U)
  • C (X=U, Y=M)
  • D (X=M, Y=M)

Questão 23

Questão
23. Consciousness-raising is a type of instruction designed to make a learner aware of
Responda
  • A. specific linguistic features
  • B. the setting of the target language
  • C. learners' needs
  • D. the nature of language learning

Questão 24

Questão
24. Carroll distinguishes four components of foreign language aptitude. These are the following abilities: phonemic coding, inductive language learning, rote learning and
Responda
  • A. language processing
  • B. grammatical sensitivity
  • C. verbal intelligence
  • D. associative learning

Questão 25

Questão
25. In Krashen's view aptitude pertains to
Responda
  • A. acquisition
  • B. learning
  • C. acquisition and learning
  • D. neither acquistion nor learning

Questão 26

Questão
26. According to Cummins (1979), cognitive academic language proficiency is part of
Responda
  • A. LAD
  • B. verbal intelligence
  • C. FL aptitude
  • D. cognitive organizer

Questão 27

Questão
27. Conscious application of rules to produce and understand the L2 is referred to as
Responda
  • A. induction
  • B. elaboration
  • C. deduction
  • D. association

Questão 28

Questão
28. The learner replaces one L2 form with another (poodle>dog). This is the example of an achievement strategy referred to as
Responda
  • A. paraphrase
  • B. substitution
  • C. word coinage
  • D. convergence

Questão 29

Questão
29. Memory strategies are usually classified as
Responda
  • A. direct
  • B. indirect
  • C. implicit
  • D. explicit

Questão 30

Questão
30. Which of the following statements is not true?
Responda
  • A. Teachers low down their rate of speech when talking to learners
  • B. Teachers use more self-repetitions with beginning learners
  • C. Formal adjustments occur at all language levels
  • D. Ungrammatical speech modifications occur at all language levels

Questão 31

Questão
31. The error in the sentence 'The boy broked the window' is an example of
Responda
  • A. omission
  • B. addition
  • C. misinformation
  • D. misordering

Questão 32

Questão
32. Which theory explains SLA in terms of the degree of social nad psychological distance between a learner and the target language group?
Responda
  • A. Accommodation Model
  • B. The Acculturation Theory
  • C. Interface Position
  • D. Neurofunctional Theory

Questão 33

Questão
33. Which of the following linguists views second language acquistion in terms of conversational strategies used to negotiate meaning in constructing a discourse?
Responda
  • A. Corder
  • B. Hatch
  • C. Rutherford
  • D. Ellis

Questão 34

Questão
34. Which of the following linguists views second language acquistion in terms of a 'non-interface position'?
Responda
  • A. Tarone
  • B. Long
  • C. Krashen
  • D. Ellis

Questão 35

Questão
35. Which of the following linguists views second language acqusition in terms of a 'variable competence model'?
Responda
  • A. Chomsky
  • B. Selinker
  • C. Larsen Freeman
  • D. Ellis

Questão 36

Questão
36. The speaker-hearer's internalised grammar, according to Chomsky (1965), consists of
Responda
  • A. a genetically endowed acquisition device
  • B. a general cognivite mechanism
  • C. mental representation of linguistic rules
  • D. comprehension and production of language

Questão 37

Questão
37. In mentalist theories of language acquisition, a set of innate linguistic principles which control the form which the sentences of any language can take are referred to as
Responda
  • A. primary lingusitic data
  • B. Language Acquistion Device
  • C. the Universal Grammar
  • D. Lingusitic Competence

Questão 38

Questão
38. In which of the following statements is the incremental nature of child's language acquistion evident?
Responda
  • A. Only homo sapiens is capable of language learning
  • B. Language exists as an independent faculty
  • C. The process of acquistion consists of hypothesis-formation
  • D. Knowledge of the grammatical system is build up in steps.

Questão 39

Questão
39. The term interlanguage is also described as
Responda
  • A. regressive competence
  • B. restructuring device
  • C. trnasitional competence
  • D. capability continuum

Questão 40

Questão
40. According to Selinker (poprawione na Lenneberg), adult learners successfully achieve native-speaker proficiency by
Responda
  • A. reactivating the latent language structure
  • B. overcoming the age of resonance
  • C. avoiding proactive inhibition
  • D. employing communiaction strategies

Questão 41

Questão
41. Language-learner language is permeable (Corder 1967), which means that it is
Responda
  • A. predictable
  • B. open to improvement
  • C. idiosyncratic
  • D. static

Questão 42

Questão
42. The comprehension of the system of beliefs and values shared by the TL group participants is part of
Responda
  • A. pragmatic competence
  • B. acculturation
  • C. situational context
  • D. pidginization

Questão 43

Questão
43. When a speaker uses a rule that belongs to an earlier stage of development, he is using a strategy know as
Responda
  • A. evasion
  • B. backsliding
  • C. back-formation
  • D. discourse repair

Questão 44

Questão
44. The learner's ability to recover rules from memory and to use them spontaneously while processing utterances is known as
Responda
  • A. channel capacity
  • B. projection device
  • C. cognitive style
  • D. processibility device

Questão 45

Questão
45. Which of the following statements about cognitive organizer is not true?
Responda
  • A. It is part of the learner's processing system
  • B. It is responsible for turning intake into output
  • C. It operates subconsiously
  • D. It is responsible for organising input into a system

Questão 46

Questão
46. Some learners cease to develop while still short of target-language competence. This phenomenon is called
Responda
  • A. amnesia
  • B. atrophy
  • C. aphasia
  • D. fossilization

Questão 47

Questão
47. Strategies that children use in L1 acquistion such as 'avoidance of exceptions' and 'rearrangement of linguistic units' (Slobin 1973) are referred to as
Responda
  • A. item acquisition
  • B. system learning
  • C. operating principles
  • D. parallel development

Questão 48

Questão
48. What is accessibility hierarchy?
Responda
  • A. The ranking of grammatical morphemes according to the accuracy with thich they occur.
  • B. The ranking of grammatical morphemes according to when each morpheme is acquired
  • C. The identification by the learner of a function performed by means of a particular form
  • D. An implicational ordering of relative pronoun functions in terms of their degree of markedness

Questão 49

Questão
49. The L2 knowledge of which a learner is unaware and which he cannot verbalise is called
Responda
  • A. implicit
  • B. explicit
  • C. implied
  • D. metacognitive

Questão 50

Questão
50. The process by which speakers make their speech similar to their interlocutors' speech is referred to as
Responda
  • A. divergence
  • B. accommodation
  • C. assimilation
  • D. convergence

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