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Applied Linguistic 2002

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Applied Linguistic 2002
Ros Agnieszka
Quiz por Ros Agnieszka, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Ros Agnieszka
Criado por Ros Agnieszka mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
01. Language transfer is a strategy used in the process of
Responda
  • A. simplification
  • B. overgeneralization
  • C. inferencing
  • D. automatization

Questão 2

Questão
02. Inferencing is a strategy used in the process of
Responda
  • A. simplification
  • B. overgenaralization
  • C. hypothesis formation
  • D. hypothesis testing

Questão 3

Questão
03. Inferencing is a strategy employed by L2 learners, which is based on
Responda
  • A. 'borrowing' from L1
  • B. attending to input
  • C. output analysis
  • D. functional practice

Questão 4

Questão
04. Communication strategies are devices for
Responda
  • A. using existing L2 knowledge
  • B. internalizing new L2 knowledge
  • C. compensating for inadequate L2 knowledge
  • D. managing interaction in L2

Questão 5

Questão
05. Communication strategies are a part of
Responda
  • A. production processes
  • B. reception processes
  • C. social processes
  • D. cognitive processes

Questão 6

Questão
06. When learners consult a native speaker to establish the validity of a hypothesis they are said to test it out
Responda
  • A. receptively
  • B. productively
  • C. metalingually
  • D. interactionally

Questão 7

Questão
07. Learners are said to “backslide” when they
Responda
  • A. form hypothesis about the nature of L2
  • B. stop learning L2 because they can communicate successfully
  • C. transfer L1 forms due to the lack of L2 competence
  • D. use a form that belongs to some earlier stage of L2 development

Questão 8

Questão
08. A learner’s error, as opposed to a mistake results from
Responda
  • A. failure to perform his/her competence
  • B. the lack of competence
  • C. processing problems in L2
  • D. memory limitations

Questão 9

Questão
09. The incremental nature of L1 acquisition is confirmed by
Responda
  • A. the existence of the 'age of resonance
  • B. uniqueness of a child's utterances
  • C. The fact that the length of children’s utterances gradually increases
  • D. the fact that only homo sapiens is capable of language learning

Questão 10

Questão
10. The subsequent phrases of the speech planning programme in the model of language production proposed by Clarke and Clarke (1977) are (1) communicative goal, (2) discourse plan, (3) sentence plan and
Responda
  • A. constituent plans
  • B. functional plans
  • C. semantic plans
  • D. pragmatic plans

Questão 11

Questão
11. The subsequent phrases of the speech articulatory programme in the model of language production proposed by Clark and Clark (1977) are (1) meaning selection, (2) syntactic outline, (3) content word selection, (4) affix and function word formation and specification of
Responda
  • A. phonetic segments
  • B. styles and registers
  • C. attitudinal tones
  • D. encoded messages

Questão 12

Questão
12. A full linguistic representation of a real-life event is “He is hitting me”. In the process of semantic simplification a learner may produce an abridged version e.g. “hitting me.” What components does this utterance consist of?
Responda
  • A. action process
  • B. Action process + Agents
  • C. Action process + patient
  • D. Agent + patient

Questão 13

Questão
13. A description of variation in SLA (eg in Ellis and Tarone) is based on
Responda
  • A. homogeneous competence model
  • B. a heterogeneous competence model
  • C. a linguistic competence model
  • D. a socio-pragmatic competence model

Questão 14

Questão
14. According to Tarone (1982), the least stable and consistent style of interlanguage (in which the use of e.g. the third person singular –s will be least frequent) is
Responda
  • A. simple and vernacular
  • B. vernacular and complex
  • C. complex and careful
  • D. careful and simple

Questão 15

Questão
15. The role of input is minimised in which view of SLA?
Responda
  • A. behaviourist
  • B. mentalist
  • C. interactionist
  • D. variationist

Questão 16

Questão
16. Which of the following morphemes is last acquired in L1 acquisition of English (Clark and Clark 1977)?
Responda
  • A. Past regular –ed C Plural –s
  • B. Past irregular
  • C. Plural –s
  • D. 3rd person singular –s

Questão 17

Questão
17. Which of the following morphemes is last acquired in ‘natural order’ for L2 acquisition (Krashen 1977)?
Responda
  • A. –ing
  • B. Past regular –ed
  • C. past irregular
  • D. Plural –s

Questão 18

Questão
18. Formal instruction has an effect on accuracy in which type of L2 production?
Responda
  • A. planned
  • B. unplanned
  • C. both planned and unplanned
  • D. neither planned nor unplanned

Questão 19

Questão
19. Word order errors are the example of
Responda
  • A. local errors
  • B. global errors
  • C. performance errors
  • D. mistakes

Questão 20

Questão
20. The knowledge of which a learner is unaware and therefore cannot verbalise is referred to as
Responda
  • A. implicit
  • B. explicit
  • C. declarative
  • D. metacognitive

Questão 21

Questão
21. According to mentalist views of first language development the innate language faculty responsible for L1 acquisition is referred to as
Responda
  • A. capability continuum
  • B. the 'g' factor
  • C. channel capacity
  • D. acquisition device

Questão 22

Questão
22. The process by which learners utilise discourse to construct structures that lie outside their competence is described as
Responda
  • A. backsliding
  • B. scaffolding
  • C. system learning
  • D. item learning

Questão 23

Questão
23. Learner utterances constructed by borrowing chunks from the preceding discourse and adding to learners’ own resources (e.g. NS: ‘come here’ – NNS: ‘No come here’) are referred to as
Responda
  • A. 'marked' forms
  • B. 'unmarked' forms
  • C. vertical structures
  • D. ambiguous errors

Questão 24

Questão
24. In the sentence ‘There are to _______ playing in the garden.’ the context requires the use of a particular morpheme (plural noun, e.g. boys), thus it is said to constitute
Responda
  • A. operating principles
  • B. implicational scaling
  • C. obligatory occasions
  • D. accessibility hierarchy

Questão 25

Questão
25. The use of ‘goed’ in place of ‘went’ is an example of
Responda
  • A. transfer
  • B. interference
  • C. overgeneralization
  • D. overuse

Questão 26

Questão
26. The core grammar of every language consists of rules that
Responda
  • A. are constrained by Universal Grammar
  • B. are not constrained by Universal Grammar
  • C. are derived from the history of the language
  • D. have been borrowed from other languages

Questão 27

Questão
27. Which sentence illustrates the core function of the progressive tense? (1) "I am watching John now." (2) "I am seeing John tonight."
Responda
  • A. (1)
  • B. (2)
  • C. both 1 and 2
  • D. neither 1 nor 2

Questão 28

Questão
28. Expressions which are learnt as unanalysable chunks and employed on particular occasions (e.g. 'This is a____') are referred to as
Responda
  • A. negotiation of meaning
  • B. foreigner talk
  • C. formulaic speech
  • D. approximative system

Questão 29

Questão
29. According to the theory of markedness, which of the following is marked
Responda
  • A. old
  • B. tall
  • C. small
  • D. wide

Questão 30

Questão
30. The learner replaces one L2 form with another (e.g. daffodil -> flower). This is an example of an achievement strategy referred to as
Responda
  • A. paraphrase
  • B. substitution
  • C. formal reduction
  • D. functional reduction

Questão 31

Questão
31. Group dynamics belong to which group of learner factors?
Responda
  • A. personality
  • B. personal
  • C. general
  • D. cognitive

Questão 32

Questão
32. According to Bailey (1983), L2 learning is usually impaired or abandoned in case of learners’
Responda
  • A. successful self-image
  • B. unsuccessful self-image
  • C. facilitating anxiety
  • D. debilitating anxiety

Questão 33

Questão
33. Which of the two sentences is true: Starting age affects (1) the rate (2) the route of SLA?
Responda
  • A. 1
  • B. 2
  • C. both 1 and 2
  • D. neither 1 nor 2

Questão 34

Questão
34. According to Brown (1980) the first stage of acculturation is
Responda
  • A. culture shock
  • B. culture stress
  • C. excitement and euphoria
  • D. feeling of estrangement

Questão 35

Questão
35. Researchers such as Oller and Perkins (1978) claim that the general factor of language proficiency is identical with the factor of
Responda
  • A. cognitive style
  • B. inductive language learning
  • C. FL aptitude
  • D. intelligence

Questão 36

Questão
36. CALP and BICS (Cummins 1979) are the two kinds of
Responda
  • A. learning style
  • B. perceptual modality
  • C. language ability
  • D. field (in)dependence

Questão 37

Questão
37. Which of the following is not a major component of FL aptitude according to Carroll and Sapon (1959)?
Responda
  • A. phonetic coding ability
  • B. grammatical sensitivity
  • C. inductive ability
  • D. memory

Questão 38

Questão
38. A field-independent learner
Responda
  • A. perceives a filed in terms of its components
  • B. relies on external frame of reference
  • C. derives his/her self-view from others
  • D. is less skilled at social relationships

Questão 39

Questão
39. Which personality feature is not part of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
Responda
  • A. anxiety
  • B. self-image
  • C. motivation
  • D. inhibition

Questão 40

Questão
40. A type of motivation that results from the learner’s interest in a particular learning activity is called
Responda
  • A. intrinsic
  • B. instrumental
  • C. integrative
  • D. resultative

Questão 41

Questão
41. Do children (10-15) profit from formal instruction?
Responda
  • A. yes. but less than adults
  • B. yes, more than adults
  • C. yes, as much as adults
  • D. no, they do not

Questão 42

Questão
42. A model of SLA called the Levertov Machine is an example of
Responda
  • A. a weak interface position
  • B. a strong interface position
  • C. the non-interface position
  • D. none of the above

Questão 43

Questão
43. A model of SLA which allows for a flow of knowledge from ‘learning’ to ‘acquisition’ –
Responda
  • A. weak interface position
  • B. strong interface position
  • C. non-interface position
  • D. inductive learning

Questão 44

Questão
44. The Audio-lingual Method is the example of which approach in FL teaching?
Responda
  • A. inductive
  • B. deductive
  • C. explicit
  • D. cognitive

Questão 45

Questão
45. Consciousness raising is the example of which approach?
Responda
  • A. inductive
  • B. deductive
  • C. natural
  • D. direct

Questão 46

Questão
46. Specific target language features are under-represented in learner production in L2. This is referred to as
Responda
  • A. avoidance
  • B. regression
  • C. backsliding
  • D. flooding

Questão 47

Questão
47. The process by which speakers make their speech similar to their interlocutors’ speech is described as
Responda
  • A. assimilation
  • B. immersion
  • C. convergence
  • D. accommodation

Questão 48

Questão
48. According to the Critical Period Hypothesis L2 competence can only be achieved if learning
Responda
  • A. is reinforced by formal instruction
  • B. takes place in a natural setting
  • C. is based on comprehensible input
  • D. commences before a certain age

Questão 49

Questão
49. Foreigner talk describes language used by
Responda
  • A. teachers to address FL learners
  • B. FL learners to address teachers
  • C. native speakers to address non-native speakers
  • D. non-native speakers to address native speaker

Questão 50

Questão
50.Which of the following statements is true? The teachability hypotheses (e.g. Pienemann 1991) suggests that formal instruction affects (1) the natural sequence of acquisition (2) the speed with which the learner passes through it
Responda
  • A. 1
  • B. 2
  • C. both 1 and 2
  • D. neither 1 nor 2

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