Questão 1
Questão
Receptor mediated endocytosis is the process of accepting substances , after recognising them and linking them to their specific membrane receptors.
Questão 2
Questão
The Clathrin protein participates in the coated vesicles
Questão 3
Questão
Exocytosis is the process of releasing secretory granules through the cell membrane.
Questão 4
Questão
Glycocalix is a glycoprotein coat located on top of the plasmalemma and attached to it
Questão 5
Questão
Cytoplasmic inclusions are obligatory (general) cell organelles
Questão 6
Questão
Cell matrix (cytosol) is a light microscopy concept designated to the part of the cytoplasm that is not occupied by any structures.
Questão 7
Questão
Mitochondria observed under light microscope appear as tender granules or filaments
Questão 8
Questão
Nissl bodies (substance) are a light microscopic image of the rough (granular) endoplasmic reticulum
Questão 9
Questão
Each cilium is built of microtubules following the 9x3+0 formula
Questão 10
Questão
The coated vesicles participate in the intracellular transport processes.
Questão 11
Questão
Golgi apparatus can be observed only by light microscope.
Questão 12
Questão
Euchromatin is the active form of the chromatin in the nucleus.
Questão 13
Questão
Microtubules are elements of the cytoskeleton.
Questão 14
Questão
Cell (plasma) membrane consists of:
Responda
-
lipid bilayer and integral proteins
-
lipid bilayer, integral proteins, polysaccharides
-
lipid bilayer and protein bilayer
-
lipid monolayer and integral proteins
Questão 15
Questão
The pinocytosis is:
Responda
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Uptake by the cells of fluid material
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Extrusion of material to the exterior
-
Transport of molecules through the plasmalemma with structural changes in it
-
Transport of molecules through the plasmalemma using enzymes
Questão 16
Questão
By which of the following contacts the intercellular space disappears:
Responda
-
"zipper" interlocking (interdigitations)
-
tight junction (zonula occludens)
-
desmosome (macula adherens)
-
gap junction (nexus)
Questão 17
Questão
The connexones are structural components of:
Responda
-
"zipper" interlocking (interdigitations)
-
tight junction (zonula occludens)
-
desmosome (macula adherens)
-
gap junction (nexus)
Questão 18
Questão
Golgi apparatus is stained with:
Responda
-
iron-hematoxylin
-
Fuelgen reaction
-
silver nitrate (AgNO3)
-
hematoxylin-eosin
Questão 19
Questão
Formation of new mitochondria is associated with:
Responda
-
modification of Golgi apparatus cisternae
-
their own budding or simple division
-
modification of rough-surfaced (granular) endoplasmic reticulum
-
fusion of lysosomes
Questão 20
Questão
Which of the following processes is concerned with the rough-surfaced (granular) endoplasmic reticulum:
Responda
-
protein synthesis
-
glycogen formation
-
lipid synthesis
-
carbohydrate metabolism
Questão 21
Questão
The coated vesicles participate in:
Questão 22
Questão
The lysosomes consist of:
Questão 23
Questão
The microtubules are components of:
Responda
-
nucleus
-
cytoskeleton
-
cell (plasma) membrane
-
nuclear envelope
Questão 24
Questão
The sex chromatin (Barr body) is seen in:
Responda
-
male somatic cells
-
female somatic cells
-
male germ cells
-
female germ cells
Questão 25
Questão
Fuelgen reaction (technique) is used for visualisation of:
Responda
-
RNA
-
DNA
-
Proteins
-
Polysaccharides
Questão 26
Questão
The histone proteins (histones) take part in:
Responda
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formation of DNA molecule
-
formation of the karyoplasm
-
formation of the nuclear pores
-
formation of the ribosomes
Questão 27
Questão
The interphase nucleus of young, functional activity cells is:
Questão 28
Questão
At metaphase the chromosomes:
Responda
-
move to the center of the cell in relation to the spindle fibres
-
move to the opposite poles of the cell
-
are free dispersed in the cell
-
are attached to inner surface of nuclear envelope
Questão 29
Questão
Mitotic spindle fibers consist of:
Responda
-
microtubules
-
microfilaments
-
myofilaments
-
neurofibrils
Questão 30
Questão
The lipids are visualised using:
Responda
-
iron hematoxylin
-
Sudan III
-
PAS reaction
-
hematoxylin-eosin
Questão 31
Questão
The karyoexis is:
Questão 32
Questão
The apocrine secretion is associated with:
Responda
-
loss of the apical portion of the cell cytoplasm
-
the entire cell is secreted
-
without the loss of any cell cytoplasm
-
loss of the basal portion of the cell cytoplasm
Questão 33
Questão
The apoptosis is:
Questão 34
Questão
The fibers of the division spindle are:
Responda
-
microtubules
-
microfibrils
-
neurofibrils
-
neurotubules
Questão 35
Questão
The nucleolus is:
Responda
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related to the formation of the subunits of the ribosomes
-
limited by a membrane
-
associated to the inner nuclear membrane
-
visible in the mitotic nucleus
Questão 36
Questão
The enzyme acid phosphatase is characteristic for:
Questão 37
Questão
The integral proteins of the plasma membrane interact with:
Questão 38
Responda
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is a polysaccharide layer
-
takes part in the cell adhesion
-
takes part in the cell cooperation
-
contains protein and ion channels
-
tales part in the ATP synthesis
Questão 39
Questão
The types of adherent junctions are:
Questão 40
Questão 41
Questão
The basophilia of the cell cytoplasm is due to:
Responda
-
presence of abundant smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum
-
presence of abundant rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum
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numerous mitochondria
-
numerous ribosomes
-
presence of abundant lipid droplets
Questão 42
Questão
The nuclear pores:
Responda
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are localised to the inner nuclear membrane
-
the function is selective transport of substances across the nuclear envelope
-
are formed at sites where the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope are joined
-
are built of connexones
Questão 43
Questão
The nucleolus is:
Responda
-
a general cell organelle
-
built of parts of the chromosomes No 13,14,15,21 and 22
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place where the ribosomes are formed
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component of the nucleus
-
bounded by a membrane
Questão 44
Questão
The main functions of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum are:
Responda
-
formation of the secretory granules
-
add carbohydrates to the proteins (formation of the glycoproteins)
-
synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones
-
synthesis of glycogen and mucus
-
intracellular transport
Questão 45
Questão
The term dyctyosome describes:
Responda
-
component of Golgi complex
-
component of centrioles
-
flattened cisternae with outer forming and inner secreting surfaces
-
releasing of secretory granules form the inner surface
-
releasing of secretory granules form the outer surface
Questão 46
Questão
Which of the following features are specific for the mitochondria:
Responda
-
possesses own genetic apparatus
-
formation of new mitochondria is through their own budding or simple division
-
take part in ATP synthesis
-
take part in the polysaccharide synthesis
-
are components of the cytoskeleton
Questão 47
Questão
Which of the following features are common for the mitochondria and peroxysomes:
Responda
-
are bounded by double membrane
-
contain matrix with numerous enzymes
-
take part in the biosynthesis of fatty acids
-
are general membrane cell organelles
-
posses own genetic apparatus
Questão 48
Questão
Which of the following features are specific for lysosomes
Responda
-
take part in the steroid synthesis
-
take part in intracellular digestion
-
contain hydrolytic enzymes
-
are related to processes of cell ageing and death
-
contain phosphorylating enzymes
Questão 49
Questão
Which of the following features are specific for the peroxysomes:
Responda
-
take part in the steroid synthesis
-
take part in the intracellular digestion
-
contain oxidative enzymes
-
contain matrix with crystalloid
-
contains phosphorylating enzymes
Questão 50
Questão
Which of the following features are specific for the microtubules:
Responda
-
sustain the cell shape
-
are built from the protein actin
-
take part in the intracellular transport of molecules and organelles
-
ensure mobility of the microvilli
-
participate in the formation of spindle fibers during the mitosis
Questão 51
Questão
The mitochondria are visualised using:
Questão 52
Questão
Typical for the nuclear membrane (envelope) is:
Responda
-
made of one layer (membrane)
-
double layered
-
continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)
-
ribosomes on the inner layer (membrane)
-
nuclear pores
Questão 53
Questão
Based on their function the plasma membrane proteins are classified: [blank_start]1[blank_end] [blank_start]2[blank_end] [blank_start]3[blank_end] [blank_start]4[blank_end] [blank_start]5[blank_end]
Responda
-
receptors
-
transport
-
connecting
-
enzymes
-
transductive
Questão 54
Questão
The types of cell junction (intercellular contacts) are: [blank_start]"zipper" interlocking (interdigitations)[blank_end] [blank_start]tight junction (zonula occludens)[blank_end]. [blank_start]desmosomes[blank_end] (zonula adherens and macula adherens) [blank_start]gap junction (nexus)[blank_end]
Responda
-
zipper
-
tight junction
-
desmosomes
-
gap junction
Questão 55
Questão
Electron microscopy shows that the nucleolus consists of following parts: [blank_start]granular part[blank_end] [blank_start]fibrous part[blank_end]
Responda
-
granular part
-
fibrous part
Questão 56
Questão
The main changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm during the prophase are: [blank_start]disintegration of the nuclear envelope[blank_end] [blank_start]disintegration of the nucleolus[blank_end] [blank_start]chromosomes become condensed and visible[blank_end] [blank_start]formation of the mitotic spindle fibers[blank_end]
Responda
-
disintegration of the nuclear envelope
-
disintegration of the nucleolus
-
chromosomes become condensed and visible
-
formation of the mitotic spindle fibers
Questão 57
Questão
The general membrane cell organelles are: [blank_start]endoplasmic reticulum[blank_end] [blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end] [blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] [blank_start]lysosomes[blank_end] [blank_start]peroxisomes[blank_end] [blank_start]coated vesicles[blank_end]
Responda
-
endoplasmic reticulum
-
Golgi apparatus
-
mitochondria
-
lysosomes
-
peroxisomes
-
coated vesicles
Questão 58
Questão
Electron microscopy reveals that the Golgi complex consists mainly of: [blank_start]cisternae[blank_end] [blank_start]microvesicles[blank_end] [blank_start]vacuoles[blank_end]
Responda
-
cisternae
-
microvesicles
-
vacuoles
Questão 59
Questão
The main components of the cytoskeleton are: [blank_start]microtubules[blank_end] [blank_start]microfilaments[blank_end]
Responda
-
microtubules
-
microfilaments
Questão 60
Questão
The cell inclusions are: [blank_start]glycogen granules[blank_end] [blank_start]lipid droplets[blank_end] [blank_start]pigments[blank_end] [blank_start]crystals[blank_end]
Responda
-
glycogen granules
-
lipid droplets
-
pigments
-
crystals
Questão 61
Questão
The light microscopic changes in the ageing cell are: [blank_start]pyknosis[blank_end] [blank_start]karyoexis[blank_end] [blank_start]karyolysis[blank_end]
Responda
-
pyknosis
-
karyoexis
-
karyolysis
Questão 62
Questão
The types of exocrine secretion are: [blank_start]merocrine[blank_end] [blank_start]apocrine[blank_end] [blank_start]holocrine[blank_end]
Responda
-
merocrine
-
apocrine
-
holocrine
Questão 63
Questão
The specialised organelles are: [blank_start]myofibrils[blank_end] [blank_start]tonofibrils[blank_end] [blank_start]neurofibrils[blank_end] [blank_start]cilia[blank_end] [blank_start]flagella[blank_end] [blank_start]secretory granules[blank_end]
Responda
-
myofibrils
-
tonofibrils
-
neurofibrils
-
cilia
-
flagella
-
secretory granules
Questão 64
Questão
By light microscopic observation of section of spinal ganglion stained with AgNO3 (silver impregnation) a reticular network situated near the nucleus is visible. WHAT IS THIS ORGANELLE? [blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end]
Questão 65
Questão
Electron microscopy reveals a shallow bowl-like complex consisting of parallel arranged cisternae (flattened plates) with associated vesicles and vacuoles. WHAT IS THIS ORGANELLE? [blank_start]Golgi complex[blank_end]
Questão 66
Questão
By electron microscopy, a pair of cylindrical structures localised at right angle to each other is observed. In transverse section, their wall is composed of nine sets of three peripherally placed microtubules. WHAT IS THIS ORGANELLE? [blank_start]centrioles[blank_end]
Questão 67
Questão
Under light microscope, in the cytoplasm of cells stained with Sudan III- hematoxylin colored in orange droplets surrounding blue nuclei are seen. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE DESCRIBED STRUCTURES? [blank_start]Lipid inclusions[blank_end]
Questão 68
Questão
During the mitosis the chromosomes are localized in the opposite poles of the spindle fibers and form a specific figure: WHICH PHASE OF MITOSIS IS THIS AND WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE FIGURE? [blank_start]Anaphase (disaster figure, double star)[blank_end]
Questão 69
Questão
With electron microscope cylindrical structures made of 9x2+2 microtubules can be seen. WHAT IS THIS ORGANELLE? [blank_start]Cilia[blank_end]
Questão 70
Questão
With electron microscope an oval structure made of two membranes with Cristal of the inner membrane can be seen. WHAT ARE THESE STRUCTURES? [blank_start]Mitochondria[blank_end]
Questão 71
Questão
PRACTICAL: What staining technique is used for Golgi apparatus?
Questão 72
Questão
What light microscope slide is this?
Responda
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Lipid inclusions
-
Secretory granules
-
Nuclei in mitosis
Questão 73
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which two staining techniques can be used for mitochondria under a light microscope?
Questão 74
Questão
PRACTICAL: What light microscope slides are these
Responda
-
Mitochondria
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Phagocytosis
-
SDH activity
Questão 75
Questão
PRACTICAL: Features of Golgi apparatus under light microscope?
Responda
-
Brown network around the nucleus
-
Cell is divided into segments with black bits
-
grey imaging, with dark visible nucleus
-
red staining around the nucleus
Questão 76
Questão
PRACTICAL: what is the feature of mitochondria under light microscope?
Responda
-
cell divided into black segments with black granules towards the outer membrane.
-
blue granules near red stained nucleus
-
orange drops in different sizes
-
black particles throughout the slide with nucleus visible
Questão 77
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which two staining techniques can be used for nuclei interphase?
Questão 78
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does hematoxylin eosin staining do to the nuclei interphase slide?
Responda
-
Blue nucleus
-
Red nucleus
-
Red granules
-
Blue granules
Questão 79
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does feulgen staining do the nuclei interphase slide?
Responda
-
Blue nucleus
-
Red nucleus
-
Blue granules
-
Red granules
Questão 80
Questão
PRACTICAL: What microscope slides are these?
Questão 81
Questão
PRACTICAL: What microscope slide is this?
Questão 82
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining technique is used for Nuclei in mitosis
Responda
-
Feulgen staining
-
Hematoxylin eosin
-
Iron hematoxylin
-
Silver impregnation
Questão 83
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does feulgen staining do to the nuclei in mitosis?
Questão 84
Questão
PRACTICAL: What light microscope slide is this?
Responda
-
Nuclei in mitosis
-
nuclei in interphase
-
Glycogen granules
-
Mitochondria
Questão 85
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining technique is used for glycogen?
Questão 86
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does PAS reaction+ hematoxylin staining do to glycogen?
Questão 87
Questão
PRACTICAL: What light microscope slide is this?
Responda
-
Glycogen
-
SDH activity
-
Acid phosphatase
-
secretory granules
Questão 88
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining is used for lipid inclusions
Responda
-
Sudan III +hematoxylin
-
Iron Hematoxylin
-
Feulgen
-
Silver impregnation
Questão 89
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does Sudan III + hematoxylin staining do to Lipid inclusions?
Questão 90
Questão
PRACTICAL: What is the light microscope slide?
Responda
-
Lipid inclusions
-
Glycogen granules
-
Mitochondria
-
Phagocytosis
Questão 91
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining is used for phagocytosis?
Responda
-
Hematoxylin
-
hematoxylin eosin
-
iron hematoxylin
-
sudan III
Questão 92
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does hematoxylin staining do to the phagocytosis slide?
Questão 93
Questão
PRACTICAL: What is this light microscope slide?
Responda
-
Phagocytosis
-
Glycogen granules
-
SDH activity
-
Lipid inclusions
Questão 94
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining is used for secretory granules?
Responda
-
Hematoxylin eosin
-
Iron hematoxylin
-
Hematoxylin
-
Feulgen
Questão 95
Questão
PRACTICAL: What does hematoxylin eosin staining do to secretory granules?
Questão 96
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which light microscope slide is this?
Responda
-
Secretory granules
-
Glycogen granules
-
Mitochondria
-
Nuclei in mitosis
Questão 97
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining is used for acid phosphatase?
Questão 98
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which light microscopic slide is?
Responda
-
Acid phosphatase
-
SDH activity
-
Lipid inclusions
-
Phagocytosis
Questão 99
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which staining is used for SDH activity?
Responda
-
Nachlass reaction with NBT Feulgen staining
-
Feulgen staining with Gomori reaction
-
PAS reaction
-
Iron hematoxylin staining
Questão 100
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which light microscopic slide is this?
Responda
-
SDH activity
-
Phagocytosis
-
Secretory granules
-
Glycogen granules
Questão 101
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which electron microscope slide is this? [blank_start]cell membrane[blank_end]
Questão 102
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Microvilli[blank_end]
Questão 103
Questão
PRACTICAL: Which electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Rough endoplasmic reticulum[blank_end]
Questão 104
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Rough endoplasmic reticulum[blank_end]
Questão 105
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Mitochondria[blank_end]
Questão 106
Questão
PRACTICAL:What electron microscope slide is this? [blank_start]Golgi complex[blank_end]
Questão 107
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Desmosomes[blank_end]
Questão 108
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Ribosomes[blank_end]
Questão 109
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Centrosome[blank_end]
Questão 110
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Interphase nucleus[blank_end]
Questão 111
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Cilia longitudinal section[blank_end]
Questão 112
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Cilia transverse section[blank_end]
Questão 113
Questão
PRACTICAL: What electron microscopic slide is this? [blank_start]Secretory granules[blank_end]