34377070
Descrição
Quiz por ACAPUN INSTITUTE, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por ACAPUN INSTITUTE
aproximadamente 3 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
For treating most oral infections, penicillin V is preferred to penicillin G because penicillin V
Responda
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a. Is less allergenic
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b. Is less sensitive to acid degradation
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c. Has a greater gram-negative spectrum
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d. Has a longer duration of action
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e. Is bactericidal, whereas penicillin G is not
Questão 2
Questão
The sole therapeutic advantage of penicillin V over penicillin G is
Responda
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a. Greater resistance to penicillinase
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b. Broader antibacterial spectrum
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c. More reliable oral absorption
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d. Slower renal excretion
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e. None of the above
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following penicillins is administered ONLY by deep intramuscular injection?
Responda
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Dicloxacillin sodium
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c. Penicillin G procaine
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d. Penicillin V potassium
Questão 4
Questão
The principal difference among potassium, procaine and benzathine salts of penicillin G is their
Responda
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a. Potency
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b. Toxicity
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c. Duration of action
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d. Antibacterial spectrum
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e. Diffusion into the cerebrospinal fluid
Questão 5
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics is cross-allergenic with penicillin and should NOT be administered to the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Responda
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Lincomycin
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e. Tetracycline
Questão 6
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics may be cross-allergenic with penicillin?
Responda
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a. Neomycin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Erythromycin
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e. All of the above
Questão 7
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics shows an incidence of approximately 8% cross-allergenicity with penicillins?
Responda
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a. neomycin
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b. cephalexin
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c. bacitracin
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d. vancomycin
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e. tetracycline
Questão 8
Questão
Which of the following groups of antibiotics is related both structurally and by mode of action to the penicillins?
Responda
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a. Polymyxins
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b. Cycloserines
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c. Cephalosporins
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d. Chloramphenicols
Questão 9
Questão
For the dentist, the most reliable method of detecting a patient’s allergy to penicillin is by
Responda
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a. Injecting penicillin intradermally
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b. Taking a thorough medical history
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c. Placing a drop of penicillin on the eye
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d. Having the patient inhale a penicillin aerosol
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e. Injecting a small amount of penicillin intravenously
Questão 10
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics is the substitute of choice for penicillin in the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Responda
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a. Bacitracin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Chloramphenicol
Questão 11
Questão
Most anaphylactic reactions to penicillin occur
a. When the drug is administered orally
b. In patients who have already experienced an allergic reaction to the drug
c. In patients with a negative skin test to penicillin allergy
d. When the drug is administered parenterally
e. Within minutes after drug administration
Responda
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a) (a), (b) and (d)
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b) (b), (c) and (d)
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c) (b), (d) and (e)
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c) (b) and (e) only
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d) (c), (d) and (e)
Questão 12
Questão
Which of the following penicillins has a broader gram-negative spectrum than penicillin G?
Responda
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a. Nafcillin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Cephalexin
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d. Methicillin
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e. Penicillin V
Questão 13
Questão
Which of the following penicillins has the best gram-negative spectrum?
Responda
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a. Nafcillin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Methicillin
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d. Penicillin V
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e. Phenethicillin
Questão 14
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics should be considered the drug of choice in the treatment of infection caused by a penicillinaseproducing staphylococcus?
Responda
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a. Neomycin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Penicillin V
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e. Dicloxacillin
Questão 15
Questão
Oral infections caused by organisms that produce penicillinase should be treated with
Responda
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Dicloxacillin
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c. Erythromycin
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d. Any of the above
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e. Only (a) or (c) above
Questão 16
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST effective against penicillinase-producing microorganisms?
Responda
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Methicillin
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d. Clindamycin
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e. Erythromycin
Questão 17
Questão
Which of the following is a bactericidal antibiotic used specifically in the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas species and indole-positive Proteus species?
Responda
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Penicillin V
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Dicloxacillin
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e. Carbenicillin
Questão 18
Questão
Penicillin’s effectiveness against rapidly growing cells is primarily due to its effect on
Responda
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a. Protein synthesis
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b. Cell wall synthesis
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c. Nucleic acid synthesis
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d. Chelation of metal ions
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e. Cell membrane permeability
Questão 19
Questão
Chlortetracycline acts by interfering with
Responda
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a. Cell wall synthesis
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b. Nuclear acid synthesis
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c. Protein synthesis on bacterial but not mammalian ribosomes
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d. Protein synthesis on mammalian but not bacterial ribosomes
Questão 20
Questão
The probable mechanism of the bacteriostatic action of sulfonamides involves
Responda
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a. Disruption of the cell membrane
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b. Coagulation of intracellular proteins
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c. Reduction in oxygen utilization by the cells
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d. Inhibition of metabolism by binding acetyl groups
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e. Competition with para-aminobenzoic acid in folic acid synthesis
Questão 21
Questão
The sulfonamides act by
Responda
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a. Suppressing bacterial protein synthesis
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b. Inhibiting the formation of the cytoplasmic bacterial membrane
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c. Inducing the formation of "lethal" bacterial proteins
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d. Inducing a deficiency of folic acid by competition with paraaminobenzoic acid
Questão 22
Questão
Which antibiotic is able to achieve a higher concentration in bone than in serum?
Responda
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a. penicillin
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b. erythromycin
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c. clindamycin
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d. metronidazole
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e. amoxicillin
Questão 23
Questão
Tetracycline reduces the effectiveness of concomitantly administered penicillin by
Responda
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a. Reducing absorption of penicillin
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b. Increasing metabolism of penicillin
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c. Increasing renal excretion of penicillin
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d. Increasing binding of penicillin to serum proteins
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e. None of the above
Questão 24
Questão
The action of which of the following drugs will most likely be impaired by concurrent administration of tetracycline?
Responda
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a. Clarithromycin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Sulfonamide
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d. Penicillin
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e. Lincomycin
Questão 25
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to cause liver damage?
Responda
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a. Streptomycin
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b. Penicillin G
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Cephalosporins
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e. Amphotericin B
Questão 26
Questão
Which of the following erythromycins associated with an allergic cholestatic hepatitis?
Responda
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a. Erythromycin base
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b. Erythromycin stearate
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c. Erythromycin estolate
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d. Erythromycin succinate
Questão 27
Questão
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST likely to cause superinfection?
Responda
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a. Gentamicin
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b. Tetracycline
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c. Penicillin G
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d. Streptomycin
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e. Chloramphenicol
Questão 28
Questão
Gastrointestinal upset and pseudomembranous colitis has been prominently associated with
Responda
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a. Nystatin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Polymyxin B
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e. Erythromycin
Questão 29
Questão
Symptoms that may be characterized as allergic manifestations during penicillin therapy are
Responda
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a. Deafness, dizziness and acute anemia
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b. Crystalluria, nausea, vomiting and anaphylactic shock
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c. Oliguria, hematuria, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse
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d. Dermatitis, stomatitis, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse
Questão 30
Questão
Aplastic anemia is a serious toxic effect that occurs particularly after a course of treatment with which of the following antibiotics?
Responda
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a. Penicillin
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b. Lincomycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Streptomycin
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e. Chloramphenicol
Questão 31
Questão
Each of the following is a side effect of prolonged tetracycline hydrochloride therapy EXCEPT:
Responda
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a. Suprainfection
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b. Photosensitivity
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d. Discoloration of newly forming teeth
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e. Gastrointestinal symptoms (when administered orally)
Questão 32
Questão
Colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an overgrowth of
Responda
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a. C. dificile
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b. Staph aureus
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c. Pseudomonas
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d. Candida albicans
Questão 33
Questão
Which antibiotic is appropriate for premedication in the penicillin allergic patient?
Responda
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a. Cephalexin
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b. Clindamycin
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c. Erythromycin
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d. Amoxicillin
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e. Ampiciilin
Questão 34
Questão
Acyclovir is useful for treating
Responda
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a. Candidiasis
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b. Colitis
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c. Herpes simplex
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d. HIV
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e. ANUG
Questão 35
Questão
A distinct advantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that tetracyclines
Responda
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a. Have no side effects
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b. Do not cause superinfections
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c. Are safer to use during pregnancy
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d. Have a wider range of antibacterial activity
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e. Produce higher blood levels faster after oral administration
Questão 36
Questão
Which of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum?
Responda
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a. Vancomycin (Vancocin )
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b. Clindamycin (Cleocin )
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c. Erythromycin (Erythrocin )
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d. Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin )
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e. A third generation cephalosporin
Questão 37
Questão
Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents because in bacteria they
Responda
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a. Both inhibit folic acid synthesis
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b. Interfere sequentially with folinic acid production
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c. Are both antimetabolites of para-aminobenzoic
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d. Are both inhibitors of dihydrofolic acid reductase
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e. Are both transformed in vivo into a single active compound
Questão 38
Questão
Which of the following substances is the most effective agent against fungus infections of the mucous membrane?
Responda
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a. Nystatin ointment
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b. Undecylenic acid
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c. Polymyxin ointment
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d. Saturated magnesium sulfate
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e. 10 per cent aluminum chloride solution
Questão 39
Questão
The most desirable property of an antibiotic when used to treat an odontogenic infection is
Responda
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a. Rapid absorption
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b. Little allergenicity
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c. Ability to achieve and maintain adequate concentrations at the site of infection
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d. Lack of significant binding to plasma proteins
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e. No effects on drug metabolism
Questão 40
Questão
Nystatin is of greatest clinical usefulness in treating
Responda
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a. viral infections
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b. fungal infections
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c. spirochetal infections
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d. Bacterroides infections
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e. penicillin resistant gram positive infections
Questão 41
Questão
Which of the following drugs chelates with calcium?
Responda
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a. Erythromycin
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b. Polymyxin B
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Penicillin G
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e. Chloramphenicol
Questão 42
Questão
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of tetracycline antibiotics?
Responda
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a. Absorption is impaired when taken with antacids
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b. They predispose to monilial superinfection
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c. They form a stable complex with the developing tooth matrix
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d. They have a low tendency for sensitization, but a high therapeutic index
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e. They are effective substitutes for penicillin prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
Questão 43
Questão
The concurrent administration of penicillin G and probenecid results in
Responda
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a. Increased metabolism of penicillin G.
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b. Increased renal excretion of probenecid
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c. Decreased renal excretion of penicillin G
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d. Decreased bactericidal effect of penicillin G
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e. Increased excretion of probenecid in the feces
Questão 44
Questão
Interaction between penicillin and probenicid is best described by which of the following mechanisms?
Responda
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a. competition at the receptor site
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b. acceleration of drug biotransformation
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c. alteration in the acid-base balance
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d. alteration in the rate of renal clearance
Questão 45
Questão
When broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered with coumarin anticoagulants, the anticoagulant action may be
Responda
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a. Reduced because of enhanced hepatic drug metabolism
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b. Reduced because of increased protein-binding
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c. Increased because of reduction of vitamin K sources
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d. Increased because of decreased renal excretion of the anticoagulant
Questão 46
Questão
The therapeutic effectiveness of which of the following drugs will be most affected by concomitant ingestion of antacids?
Responda
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a. Cephalexin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Sulfisoxazole
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e. Penicillin V
Questão 47
Questão
Erythromycin should be avoided in the patient taking
Responda
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a. Aspirin
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b. Seldane
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c. Benadryl
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d. Ibuprofen
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e. Propranolol
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