Questão 1
Questão
Components of the cytoskeleton may include all of the following except
Responda
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Microsomes
-
Microfilaments
-
Microtubules
-
Intermediate filaments
Questão 2
Questão
The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
Responda
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Translation
-
Transcription
-
Auscultation
-
Replication
Questão 3
Questão
The tails of a phospholipid molecule are
Responda
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Facing the cytosol
-
Hydrophilic
-
Hydrophobic
-
Composed of amino acids
Questão 4
Questão
The duplication of DNA is called ______, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called _____, and the reading of the mRNA by a ribosome to make a protein is called ______.
Responda
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Reproduction; duplication; initiation
-
Interphase; replication; active transport
-
Replication; transcription; translation
-
Replication; translation; transcription
Questão 5
Questão
Most of a cell’s DNA is located in its
Responda
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Golgi apparatus
-
Ribosomes
-
Nucleus
-
Lysosomes
Questão 6
Questão
Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
Responda
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Bind to ligands
-
Regulate the passage of ions
-
Act as a carrier molecules for various solutes
-
Storage of cellular nutrients
Questão 7
Questão
Organelles that breakdown fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are
Responda
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Peroxisomes
-
Lysosomes
-
Nuclei
-
Endocytic vessels
Questão 8
Questão
The components of ribosomes are formed within
Responda
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Nucleoli
-
Mitochondria
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Golgi complexes
-
Lysosomes
Questão 9
Questão
Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains
Responda
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A higher concentration of amino acids
-
A higher concentration of potassium ions
-
Almost no glycogen
-
A lower concentration of dissolved proteins
Questão 10
Questão
Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
Questão 11
Questão
The potential difference across the cell membrane is known as
Responda
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The membrane potential
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The membrane difference
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The cellular potential
-
The cellular difference
Questão 12
Questão
Cell membranes are said to be ______ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
Responda
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Doubly amphipathic
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Impermeable
-
Selectively permeable
-
Hydrophilic
Questão 13
Questão
Which of the following best describes osmosis?
Responda
-
diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane
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Movement of water into a solute
-
Active transport of water across the cell membrane
-
Random movement of water due to kinetic energy
Questão 14
Questão
Special cells called ______ maintains tissues by unending cycles of cell division.
Responda
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Omnipotent
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Root
-
Stem
-
Cytogenic
Questão 15
Questão
The _______ of a cell membrane indicates how easy it is for substances to cross.
Responda
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Thickness
-
Permeability
-
Density
-
Pliability
Questão 16
Questão
During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs.
Responda
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Metaphase
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Questão 17
Questão
The stage in a cell’s life cycle in which the cell performs it’s normal functions and prepares for division is called
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Telophase
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Interphase
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Metaphase
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Prophase
Questão 18
Questão
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called
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Merotonic
-
Hypotonic
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Isotonic
-
Hypertonic
Questão 19
Questão
Permanent altercations in a cell’s DNA that affect the nucleotide sequence of one or more genes are called
Responda
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Changelings
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Polymorphs
-
Mutations
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Interferons
Questão 20
Questão
All of the following membrane transport mechanisms are passive processes except
Responda
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Osmosis
-
Vesicular transport
-
Diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Questão 21
Questão
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
Questão 22
Questão
Which of the following happens if the body temperature rises above normal?
Responda
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Blood flow to the skin increases
-
Evaporative cooling stops
-
Sweat glands activity decreases
-
The activity of a melanocytes increase
Questão 23
Questão
Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called
Responda
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Scars
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Pus
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Keloids
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Blisters
Questão 24
Questão
The clinical term for a bruise is a(n)
Responda
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Infarction
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Hemorrhage
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Thrombus
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Contusion
Questão 25
Questão
A bruise turns “black and blue” because of _____ in the dermis
Questão 26
Questão
The layer of hard keratin that coats the hair is termed the
Responda
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Cuticle
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Root
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Medulla
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Hair bulb
Questão 27
Questão
A child who skins his knee in a fall has a(n)
Responda
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Incision
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Puncture
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Contusion
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Abrasion
Questão 28
Questão
Sensible perspiration is produced by _______ glands.
Responda
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Ceruminous
-
Merocrine sweat
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Sebaceous
-
Apocrine sweat
Questão 29
Questão
Wrinkles in individuals are the result of
Responda
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Loss of elastic fibers in the reticular layer of the dermis
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Increased keratinization of the epidermis
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Decreased thickness of the dermis
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Increased production of epidermis layers
Questão 30
Questão
Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum
Responda
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Basale
-
Lucidum
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Corneum
-
Spinosum
Questão 31
Questão
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except
Questão 32
Questão
The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is
Responda
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Elastin
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Melanin
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Collagen
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Keratin
Questão 33
Questão
The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the _______ layer.
Responda
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Reticular
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Papillary
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Hypodermal
-
Epidermal
Questão 34
Questão
The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the
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Subcutaneous layer
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Epidermis
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Dermis
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Sebaceous layer
Questão 35
Questão
The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the
Responda
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Stratum Basale
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papillary layer
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Stratum Corneum
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Stratum granulosum
Questão 36
Questão
Skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because
Responda
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Contraction in the area of the injury brings cells of adjacent strata together
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The epidermis of the skin has a rich supply of small blood vessels
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Fibroblasts in the dermis can give rise to new germinal cells in the epidermis
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Stem cells persist in the skin even after injury
Questão 37
Questão
The _____ gland in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.
Responda
-
Apocrine sweat
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Sebaceous
-
Axillary
-
Ceruminous
Questão 38
Questão
The epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue?
Responda
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Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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Simple squamous epithelium
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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
-
Transitional epithelium
Questão 39
Questão
Which of the following is formed in the skin when it is exposed to the sunlight?
Responda
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Vitamin D
-
Vitamin E
-
Vitamin A
-
Vitamin B
Questão 40
Questão
An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
Responda
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Melanin
-
Carotene
-
Perspiration
-
Keratin
Questão 41
Questão
One mole of any element has the same
Responda
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Mass
-
Number of atoms
-
Weight
-
Number of electrons
Questão 42
Questão
The nucleus of an atom consists of
Responda
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Protons
-
Neutrons
-
Protons & Neutrons
-
Electrons
Questão 43
Questão
The molecule O2 is known as
Responda
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Oxygen
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Oxide
-
Oxate
-
Organic
Questão 44
Questão
In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
Responda
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Hydrogen, causing decomposition
-
Glucose, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing synthesis
Questão 45
Questão
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
Responda
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Size of the atom
-
Number of neutrons
-
Outermost electron shell
-
Number of protons
Questão 46
Questão
In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means
Responda
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A calcium ion that has lost two electrons
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A calcium ion that has gained two electrons
-
Two calcium atoms
-
A calcium ion that has gained two protons
Questão 47
Questão
Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be
Responda
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Endergonic
-
Exergonic
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Thermonuclear
-
Activated
Questão 48
Questão
Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the _______ sites.
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Reactant
-
Amino
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Active
-
Neutral
Questão 49
Questão
Kinetic energy is stored as ______ energy when a spring is stretched.
Responda
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Plausible
-
Probable
-
Potential
-
Positive
Questão 50
Questão
Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, are called
Responda
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Homotopes
-
Heterotopes
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Heterotonic
-
Isotope
Questão 51
Questão
If the substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
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Alkaline
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Acidic
-
A salt
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Neutral
Questão 52
Questão
Of the following choices, the pH of the least acidic solution is
Questão 53
Questão
The alpha-helix and beta sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
Responda
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Tertiary
-
Primary
-
Quaternary
-
Secondary
Questão 54
Questão
Which of the following statements about water is false?
Responda
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It is responsible for much of the mass of the human body
-
It contains hydrogen bonds
-
It has a relatively low heat capacity
-
It is composed of polar molecules
Questão 55
Questão
A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
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Hydrophilic attraction
-
Chemical tension
-
Heat capacity
-
Surface tension
Questão 56
Questão
Molecules with two fatty acids chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called
Responda
-
Diglycerides
-
Dipeptides
-
Phospholipids
-
Disaccharide
Questão 57
Questão
Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are combinations of amino acids and
Responda
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Carbohydrates
-
Lipids
-
Nucleic acids
-
Fatty acids
Questão 58
Questão
A(n) ______ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) _____ releases hydrogen ions.
Responda
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Base; acid
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Compound; elements
-
Molecule; acid
-
Acid; base
Questão 59
Questão
A polysaccharide that formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is
Responda
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Glucose
-
Glycogen
-
A glyceride
-
Fructose
Questão 60
Questão
When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
Questão 61
Questão
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
Responda
-
Electrons
-
Nucleus
-
Proton
-
Neutron
Questão 62
Questão
The atomic number represents the number of
Questão 63
Questão
The formation of a cation and an anion is indicative of
Responda
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An ionic bond
-
A nonpolar bond
-
A polar bond
-
A covalent bond
Questão 64
Questão
What type of reaction is A + B + energy —> AB?
Responda
-
Catabolic reaction
-
Equilibrium reaction
-
Endergonic reaction
-
Exergonic reaction
Questão 65
Questão
Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction?
Questão 66
Questão
Which statement best describes enzyme function?
Responda
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Enzymes can perform catabolic reactions only.
-
Enzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
-
Enzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products.
-
One enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates.
Questão 67
Questão
On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?
Questão 68
Questão
Which two organ systems work to maintain pH balance in the body?
Questão 69
Questão
Salts are held together by ______.
Responda
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Single covalent bonds
-
Polar covalent bonds
-
Nonpolar covalent bonds
-
Ionic bonds
Questão 70
Questão
The monomer of the carbohydrates is ________.
Responda
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Nucleotide
-
Monosaccharide
-
Fatty acid
-
Amino acid
Questão 71
Questão
A fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is ______.
Responda
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Saturated
-
Monounsaturated
-
Hydrogenated
-
Polyunsaturated
Questão 72
Questão
Amino acids are the monomers for ________.
Responda
-
Carbohydrates
-
Nucleic acids
-
Lipids
-
Proteins
Questão 73
Questão
Which of the following is the same among isotopes of the same element?
Questão 74
Questão
In the following chemical reaction, what is NaCI?
NaOH + HCI —> NaCI + H20
Responda
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Water
-
Acid
-
Product
-
Reactant
Questão 75
Questão
Determine the number of protons in an isotope of nitrogen with an atomic number of 7 and a molecular number of 14.
Questão 76
Questão
Cytosol is also known as _____.
Questão 77
Questão
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
Questão 78
Questão
Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that moves through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by ______.
Responda
-
Primary active transport
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Questão 79
Questão
Active transport processes _____.
Responda
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Move solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
-
Require cells to expend energy (ATP)
-
Move solutes through the phospholipid bilayer without the use of integral proteins
-
Move solutes with or along their concentration gradients
Questão 80
Questão
Two types of active transport via vesicles are ______.
Responda
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Endocytosis and exocytosis
-
Primary active transport and secondary active transport
-
Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
-
Diffusion and osmosis
Questão 81
Questão
What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelle and cell components?
Questão 82
Questão
Microtubules are composed of proteins subunits known as ______.
Responda
-
Myosin
-
Actin
-
Keratin
-
Tubulin
Questão 83
Questão
Cell division occurs during ______.
Responda
-
M phase
-
G1 phase
-
G2 phase
-
S phase
Questão 84
Questão
During which phase of the M phase of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?
Responda
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
-
Metaphase
Questão 85
Questão
During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids separated when the mitotic spindle fibers shorten?
Responda
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Questão 86
Questão
Programmed cell death is called ______.
Responda
-
Metastasis
-
Hydrolysis
-
Apoptosis
-
Neoplasia
Questão 87
Questão
A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. At that concentration, the solution is isotonic to the cell. If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in _______.
Questão 88
Questão
If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?
Questão 89
Questão
Sodium ions are moving with their concentration gradient with the use of a protein channel across a plasma membrane. Determine the type of membrane transport used to transport these sodium ions.
Responda
-
Primary active transport
-
Facilitated diffusion
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
Questão 90
Questão
The main components of the skin are the _______.
Responda
-
Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
-
Dermis and hypodermis
-
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and the subcutaneous layer
-
Epidermis and dermis
Questão 91
Questão
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
Responda
-
Thermoregulation
-
Vitamin A synthesis
-
Sensation
-
Protection
Questão 92
Questão
Which sensation is NOT detected by the skin?
Responda
-
Temperature
-
Light touch
-
Texture
-
Equilibrium
Questão 93
Questão
Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by prominent cytoplasmic granules in the cells?
Responda
-
Stratum corneum
-
Stratum Spinosum
-
Stratum granulosum
-
Stratum lucidum
Questão 94
Questão
Thin skin lacks stratum ______.
Responda
-
Corneum
-
Spinosum
-
Granulosum
-
Lucidum
Questão 95
Questão
Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis?
Responda
-
The reticular layer of the dermis
-
Dermal papillae
-
Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles
-
Stratum Basale of the epidermis
Questão 96
Questão
Which of the following cells is associated with the dermis?
Questão 97
Questão
Which of the following is a yellow-orange skin pigment?
Responda
-
Cyanide
-
Hemoglobin
-
Carotene
-
Melanin
Questão 98
Questão
What stand hairs on end, causing piloerection?
Responda
-
Arrector pili muscles
-
Epidermal ridges
-
Dermal papillae
-
Epithelial root sheath
Questão 99
Questão
The cuticle around a nail is the _____.
Responda
-
Perinychium
-
Eponychium
-
Lunula
-
Hyponychium
Questão 100
Questão
Eccrine glands produce ______.
Questão 101
Questão
Mammary glands are specialized _______.
Responda
-
Sweat glands
-
Sebaceous glands
-
Ceruminous glands
-
Holocene glands
Questão 102
Questão
Skin without keratin would be more likely to _____.
Responda
-
Be unable to thermoregulate
-
Lose the sensation of touch
-
Burn upon exposure to the sun
-
Tear upon being mechanically stressed.