3919717
Descrição
Quiz por Chinwendu Opara, atualizado more than 1 year ago
|
Criado por Chinwendu Opara
quase 9 anos atrás
|
|
Questão 1
Questão
What characterizes a prokaryotic cell?
Responda
-
presence of a nucleus with no DNA
-
lack of ribosomes
-
having a cell wall without a cell membrane
-
lack of a membrane-enclosed nucleus
-
presence of mitochondria
Questão 2
Questão
Which of the following is NOT considered a weak molecular interaction?
Responda
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hydrogen bond
-
van der Waals interactions
-
covalent bond
-
ionic bond in the presence of water
Questão 3
Questão
Acid rain has lowered the pH of a particular lake to 3.0. The hydrogen ion concentration of the lake is
Responda
-
10^3
-
10^-10 M
-
10^-3 M
-
3%
-
3.0 M
Questão 4
Questão
A cation always has:
Responda
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more protons than neutrons
-
more electrons than protons
-
equal numbers of protons and electrons
-
more protons than electrons
Questão 5
Questão
Nucleotides are important in
Responda
-
All of the preceding
-
energy production and utilization
-
transmission of hereditary information
-
nucleic acid organization
Questão 6
Questão
Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because
Responda
-
the oxygen atom in water molecules is weakly negative
-
the hydrogen in water molecules is weakly positive
-
All of the above are correct
-
the water molecule is polar
Questão 7
Questão
The unique sequence of amino acids in a polypetide:
Responda
-
quaternary structure of a protein
-
primary structure of a protein
-
tertiary structure of a protein
-
secondary structure of a protein
Questão 8
Questão
An enzyme accelerates a metabolic reaction by
Responda
-
making the substrate molecule more stable
-
pushing the reaction away from equilibrium
-
altering the overall free-energy change for the reaction
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lowering the activation energy
Questão 9
Questão
Which of the following organelles is common to plant and animal cells?
Responda
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mitochondria
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centrioles
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tonoplast
-
chloroplasts
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wall made of cellulose
Questão 10
Questão
Which of the following components is present in prokaryotic cell?
Responda
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nuclear envelope
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mitochondria
-
endoplasmic reticulum
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ribosomes
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chloroplasts
Questão 11
Questão
On which of the following features do most plant and animal cells differ?
Responda
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structure of nucleus
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primary energy source
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transcription
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mitochondrial function
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active transport mechanisms
Questão 12
Questão
If a sexually reproducing species has a chromosome number of 2n=16, then:
Responda
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it is diploid with 32 chromosomes
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its gametes contain 16 chromosomes
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it received 8 chromosomes from the egg and 8 chromosomes from the sperm
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it has 16 different pairs of chromosomes
Questão 13
Questão
A biochemist isolated and purified molecules needed for replication. When DNA was added, replication occurred but the DNA molecules were defective. Each consisted of a normal DNA strand with many DNA segments a few hundred nucleotides long. What has the biochemist left out of the mixture?
Responda
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nucleotides
-
DNA polymerase
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Okazaki fragments
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primers
-
ligase
Questão 14
Questão
A microbiologist found that some bacteria infected by phages had developed the capacity to make a particular amino acid that they did not make before. The new capacity probably reflects
Responda
-
transduction
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induction
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conjugation
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transposition
-
transformation
Questão 15
Questão
Which of the following is not true of a codon? A codon
Responda
-
is a basic unit of genetic code
-
never codes for more than one amino acid
-
may code for the same amino acid as another codon
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extends from a tRNA molecule
Questão 16
Questão
The cells of the liver are distinct from cells of the spleen because they
Responda
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have different chromosomes
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use different genetic codes
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express different genes
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have unique ribosomes
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contain different genes
Questão 17
Questão
Which of the following techniques would you use to produce a great number of DNA copies?
Responda
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fingerprinting
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gel electrophoresis
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hybridization
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autoradiography
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polymerase chain reaction
Questão 18
Questão
All of the following compounds are required at some stage of photosynthesis EXCEPT
Responda
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NADP
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carbon dioxide
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oxygen
-
water
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adenosine triphosphate
Questão 19
Questão
Which of the following would never contribute to genetic variation within a bacterial population?
Responda
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conjugation
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mutation
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meiosis
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transformation
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transduction
Questão 20
Questão
The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in oxidative phosphorylation is
Responda
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lactate
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NAD+
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water
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pyruvate
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oxygen
Questão 21
Questão
During human gestation, organogenesis occurs
Responda
-
in the first trimester
-
during the blastocyst
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during the embryo
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while the embryo is in the oviduct
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in the second trimester
Questão 22
Questão
Organogenesis begins with the development of the
Responda
-
neural tube (brain & spinal chord)
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coelom
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archenteron
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blastocoel
-
blastopore
Questão 23
Questão
Programmed cell death occurs normally in the development of the nervous and immune systems. This is termed
Responda
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totipotency
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differentiation
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determination
-
pattern formation
-
apoptosis
Questão 24
Questão
Mammals are distinguished from other vertebrates by the presence of
Responda
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an amniote egg
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a four chambered heart
-
cephalization
-
hair and mammary glands
Questão 25
Questão
As humans diverged from other primates, which of the following most likely appeared first?
Responda
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the development of culture
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an enlarged brain
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an erect stance
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language
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toolmaking
Questão 26
Questão
The major endothermic (warm blooded) vertebrates include the
Responda
-
mammals and birds
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reptiles
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mammals
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birds
-
birds and reptiles
Questão 27
Questão
Which of the following enzymes acts first during digestion?
Responda
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amylase
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pepsin
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trypsin
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lipase
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nuclease
Questão 28
Questão
In which of the following blood vessels would you expect to find the most nutrients?
Responda
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aorta
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hepatic portal vein
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intestinal artery
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posterior vena cava
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renal portal vein
Questão 29
Questão
The various metabolic exchanges occur in
Responda
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veins
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capillaries
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muscular arteries
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venules
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elastic arteries
Questão 30
Questão
Pulse is a direct measure of
Responda
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stroke volume
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blood pressure
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heart rate
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cardiac output
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breathing rate
Questão 31
Questão
Compared to interstitial fluid that bathes active muscle cells, blood reaching these cells in arteries has a
Responda
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higher partial pressure of O2
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lower osmotic pressure of CO2
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higher partial pressure of CO2
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lower pH
Questão 32
Questão
Humoral immunity is mediated primarily by
Responda
-
B lymphocytes
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T lymphoctes
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neutrophils
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monocytes
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macrophages
Questão 33
Questão
HIV compromises the immune system primarily by infecting _______ cells
Responda
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helper T
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cytotoxic
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B
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suppressor
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plasma
Questão 34
Questão
Fertilization of human eggs most often takes place in the
Responda
-
uterus
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vagina
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vas deferen
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oviduct (fallopian tube)
-
ovary
Questão 35
Questão
The nitrogenous waste generated by an animal is best correlated with the animals _______ metabolism.
Responda
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nucleic acid and lipid
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protein
-
protein and nucleic acid
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nucleic acid
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lipid
Questão 36
Questão
The concept that recognizes that the internal environment is maintained at an optimal level is termed
Responda
-
euryhaline
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stenaline
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adaptation
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osmoconformatory
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homeostasis
Questão 37
Questão
The functional units of the kidney control blood composition through
Responda
-
ultrafiltration
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secretion
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reabsorption
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all of the preceding
Questão 38
Questão
The coordination of movement is mediated by the
Responda
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thalamus
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medulla
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cerebellum
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pons
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cerebrum
Questão 39
Questão
The largest and most complex part of the human brain is the
Responda
-
cerebellum
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cerebral cortex
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pituitary
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medulla oblongata
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hypothalamus
Questão 40
Questão
Of the following components of the nervous system, which is the most inclusive?
Responda
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central nervous system
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spinal cord
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neuron
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brain
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gray matter
Questão 41
Questão
Which scientific name is presented correctly?
Responda
-
Apis mellifera
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Drosophila Melanogaster
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limuls polyphemus
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rana Pipiens
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Caenorhabditis elegans
Questão 42
Questão
A single bacterium existing in an environment with unlimited resources and no competition would
Responda
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reproduce logistically
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reproduce exponentially
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reproduce linearly
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reproduce radially
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not reproduce
Questão 43
Questão
___________ capacity is the maximum number of individuals of a species an environment can support.
Responda
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none of the preceding
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carrying
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population
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growth
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habitat
Questão 44
Questão
Which of the following compounds is the most common compound in the bacterial cell wall?
Responda
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cellulose
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capsule
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lignin
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lipopolysaccharide
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peptodoglycan
Questão 45
Questão
A mycelium consists of
Responda
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cellular slime molds
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pseudoplasmodia
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fibrils
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microtubules
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hypahe
Questão 46
Questão
Genes that regulate development are conserved. This means that they
Responda
-
have evolved large differences among multicellular organisms
-
none of the above
-
have changed very little over the course of evolution
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are always turned on
Questão 47
Questão
During translation, polypeptide chain elongation requires the __________ enzymatic activity
Responda
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poly-A polymerase
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peptidyl transferase
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methyl transferase
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glycyl-tRNA synthetase
Questão 48
Questão
Which of the following processes occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?
Responda
-
DNA replication
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transcription
-
DNA replication and translation
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translation and transcription
-
translation
Questão 49
Questão
By executing a test cross, the genotype of an organism that expresses a dominant trait can be determined by
Responda
-
crossing the organism with a heterozygous dominant organism
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crossing the organism with a homozygous dominant organism
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crossing the organism with a homozygous recessive organism
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observing the phenotype of the progeny from any cross
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observing the genotype of the progeny from any cross
Questão 50
Questão
Ribosomes are a collection of __________ that are needed for ____________.
Responda
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proteins and rNAs; translation
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small proteins; translation
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proteins and tRNAs; transcription
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proteins and mRNAs; translation
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mRNAs and tRNAs; translation
Questão 51
Questão
The genetic code is degenerate because
Responda
-
amino acids may have more than one codon
-
each codon codes for only one amino acid
-
both A &B
-
neither A nor B
Questão 52
Questão
Epistasis refers to
Responda
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group of genes that are close together
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the equal interaction of two genes so that a new phenotype is produced
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the expression of two genes in the same individual
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the linear order of genes on a chromosome
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the expression of one gene making the expression of another
Questão 53
Questão
FOR QUESTIONS 54, 55, 56 & 57 BASE RESPONSE ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION
In a species of tropical bird, wing feather coloration is controlled by the action of 6 loci: R, D, G, Y, A and B, alleles R and r, D and d, etc. Complete dominance occurs at each locus.
The R and D loci exhibit additive gene action: R__ D__ bird have dark red wings; rrdd birds have pink wings; and all other genotypic combinations at these loci result in birds with pale red wings.
The G locus is dominantly epistatic to the R and D loci; G__ birds exhibit green wing coloration. The Y locus is recessively epistatic to the R,D and G loci; yy birds have yellow wings. The A and B loci control pigment production and are recessively epistatic to the color loci; aa and/or bb birds have white wings [i.e. dominance is required at both loci for pigment production].
RrDdGgYyAaBb x rrddggYYAaBb
(just click "okay bih" in answer options)
Responda
-
okay bih
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tell me something good *song tune*
Questão 54
Questão
From the mating above, what proportion of the progeny would be expected to exhibit the paternal phenotype?
Responda
-
9/128
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3/16
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6/32
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1/128
Questão 55
Questão
From the mating above, what proportion of the progeny would be expected to exhibit the maternal phenotype?
Responda
-
1/16
-
9/16
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1/4
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9/32
Questão 56
Questão
An inbred pale red wing female is mated with a white male. The F1 (subscript 1) progeny are mated among themselves. What is the largest proportion of the F2 (subscript 2) progeny that would be expected to exhibit green wing feathers?
(I didn't have the answer for this one and I'm way too sleepy to figure it out)
Responda
-
3/8
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1/16
-
9/16
-
3/16
-
I DONT KNOW
Questão 57
Questão
A green winged female is mated with a yellow winged male. What is the largest proportion of their progeny that would be expected to exhibit pale red wings?
Responda
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1/16
-
1/8
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1/2
-
3/4
-
all
Questão 58
Questão
Which phrase regarding a Mendelian monohybrid cross is incorrect? It
Responda
-
demonstrates independent assortment
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demonstrates segregation of only one pair of alleles
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gives two phenotypic classes
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gives three phenotypic classes
Questão 59
Questão
Which statement about chromosome number is incorrect?
Responda
-
each type of chromosome is represented twice in a diploid cell
-
gametes usually contain only one set of chromosomes, referred to as haploid
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a human somatic cell has one pair of sex chromosomes
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sister chromatids of a chromosome are genetically identical and constitute a homologous pair
Questão 60
Questão
During meiosis, when are homologous pairs of chromosomes separated?
Responda
-
anaphase II
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metaphase II
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meiosis I
-
no answer is correct
Questão 61
Questão
What is the pattern of inheritance for a rare recessive allele?
Responda
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very affected person has an affected parent
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affected parents do not produce affected children
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unaffected parents can produce children who are affected
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unaffected mothers have affected sons and daughters who are carriers
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none of the above
Questão 62
Questão
There are 46 chromosomes in a human diploid cell. How many autosomes are present in an egg cell?
Responda
-
44
-
2
-
1
-
22
Questão 63
Questão
_________ is the term for an allele that has more than one distinguishable phenotypic effect.
Responda
-
heterosis
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epistasis
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codominance
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incomplete dominance
-
pleiotropy
Questão 64
Questão
Experiments conducted by Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA replication is
Responda
-
semiconservative
-
semidiscontinous
-
conservative
-
bi-directional
Questão 65
Questão
Nucleotides are composed of:
Responda
-
ribose sugar ad phosphates
-
ribose sugars and nitrogenous bases
-
nitrogenous bases and phosphates
-
both b and c
Questão 66
Questão
Which of the following is a normal human female?
Responda
-
XY
-
XXY
-
XXX
-
XX
Questão 67
Questão
For double helical DNA (This is Chargaff's Rule):
Responda
-
A+T/G+C always approximates 1.0
-
A+T/G+C always approximates 0.5
-
A+G/T+C always approximates 1.0
-
A+G/T+C always approximates 1.5
Questão 68
Questão
A human somatic cell contains _____ chromosomes.
Responda
-
23
-
47
-
2n
-
46
-
n
Questão 69
Questão
In transcription,
Responda
-
DNA makes DNA
-
DNA makes RNA
-
RNA makes a polypetide chain
-
RNA makes DNA
Questão 70
Questão
Which of the following processes occurs in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell?
Responda
-
DNA replication
-
translation
-
transcription
-
DNA replication translation
-
translation and transcription
Questão 71
Questão
Which of the following series represents alleles:
Responda
-
Aa
-
AB
-
Ab
-
ab
Questão 72
Questão
In the human body, gametes are produced by
Responda
-
mitosis
-
meiosis
-
binary fission
-
multiple fission
Questão 73
Questão
During replication in E. coli, DNA is maintained as single-stranded molecules at replication fork by:
Responda
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helicase
-
SSB proteins
-
primase
-
DNA ligase
Questão 74
Questão
The problem of replication on the lagging strand is solved by DNA through the use of
Responda
-
base pairing
-
replication
-
the unwinding enzyme, helicase
-
Okazaki fragments
-
topoisomerases
Questão 75
Questão
DNA polymerase I synthesis new molecules of DNA in:
Responda
-
a 3' to 5' direction
-
a 5' to 3' direction
-
both a and b
Questão 76
Questão
The two strands of double helical DNA are held together by
Responda
-
covalent bonds
-
ionic bonds
-
hydrogen bonds
-
disulfide bonds
Questão 77
Questão
The genotypic ratio in a cross between a homozygous recessive and a heterozygous (aa x Aa) is:
Responda
-
3:1
-
1:2
-
9:3:3:1
-
1:1
Questão 78
Questão
Processing of primary transcripts results in
Responda
-
mRNA precursors
-
polypetides
-
intervening sequences
-
mature mRNAs
Questão 79
Questão
smRNPs are involved in:
Responda
-
translation
-
DNA replication
-
splicing
-
posttranslation modification of proteins
Questão 80
Questão
What is the difference between DNA and a chromosome:
Responda
-
chromosomes contain DNA within their structure
-
DNA often incorporate a chromosome into its mass
-
chromosomes fill the nucleus while DNA is in the nuclear membrane
-
they are essentially the same
Questão 81
Questão
A couple who are both carriers for the gene for cystic fibrosis have two children who have cystic fibrosis. What is the possibility that their next child will have cystic fibrosis?
Responda
-
0%
-
75%
-
100%
-
25%
-
50%
Questão 82
Questão
If factor "a" is lethal in the homozygous condition, "aa", then how many offsprings out of every 16 will survive from the cross AsBb x AaBb?
Responda
-
3
-
12
-
16
-
9
Questão 83
Questão
Given the parents AABBCc x AabbCc, assume simple dominance and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent?
Responda
-
1/4
-
1
-
3/8
-
3/4
-
1/8
Questão 84
Questão
What role do herbivores (organisms that eat plants) play in the energetics of ecosystems?
Responda
-
consumers
-
reducers
-
decomposers
-
producers
Questão 85
Questão
Which gas is most abundant in earth's current atmosphere?
Responda
-
oxygen
-
nitrogen
-
carbon dioxide
-
argon
Questão 86
Questão
Denitrification:
Responda
-
occurs in anerobic conditions
-
converts nitrogen gas to ammonia
-
converts nitrate to nitrate
-
is carried out by Rhizobium bacteria
Questão 87
Questão
Most of the earth's carbon is found in:
Responda
-
tree trunks and living biomass
-
sedimentary rocks
-
atmosphere
-
ocean
Questão 88
Questão
A female African elephant produces a single offspring at interval levels of several years, caring for her young for an extended period before reproducing again. The elephant's reproductive life history is referred to as:
Responda
-
semelparous
-
iteroparous
-
indeterminate
-
progamic
Questão 89
Questão
Offspring from a sexual union contribute only one-half as much to the evolutionary fitness of either parent as asexually produced offspring. This relative reduction in fitness is called:
Responda
-
the Red Queen hypothesis
-
dioecy
-
the cost of meiosis
-
sequential hermaophroditism
Questão 90
Questão
Desert shrubs competing for scarce supplies of water are likely to show which dipersion pattern?
Responda
-
aggregate
-
regular
-
random
-
clumped
Questão 91
Questão
When predators and their prey exhibit cyclic population oscillations, the typical pattern is:
Responda
-
predator number increases after prey number increases
-
prey number increases after predator number increases
-
both predator and prey cycles are nearly identical (synchronous peaks)
-
no predictable relationship between predator and prey population sizes
Questão 92
Questão
Hummingbirds will chase away other birds that attempt to visit backyard feeders. This interaction is an example of:
Responda
-
mutualism
-
allelopathy
-
exploitation competition
-
interference competition
Questão 93
Questão
The relationship between plants and their insect pollinators is best described as:
Responda
-
amensalism
-
commensalism
-
defensive mutualism
-
dispersive mutualism
Questão 94
Questão
Which of the following nutrient elements typically limits primary production in fresh water?
Responda
-
potassium
-
calcium
-
nitrogen
-
phosphorus
Questão 95
Questão
Which of the following ecosystems has a level of production similar to a tropical rain forest?
Responda
-
marsh
-
desert
-
open ocean
-
temperate grassland
Questão 96
Questão
Mycorrhizal fungi aid in supplying what critical element to plant roots?
Responda
-
oxygen
-
phosphorus
-
carbon
-
nitrogen
Questão 97
Questão
Production of large sized offspring is most likely linked to:
Responda
-
high competition among juveniles
-
wind dispersal of offspring
-
production of large numbers of offspring
-
increased survivorship of parents
Questão 98
Questão
The predominant sexual system in flowering plants is:
Responda
-
hermaphroditic
-
unisexual
-
monoecious
-
dioecious
Questão 99
Questão
When a population grows according to the logistic model, what is the value of "r' when the population numbers are stable?
Responda
-
r = 0
-
r = K
-
r = N
-
r = 1/2 K
Questão 100
Questão
All of the following are plant secondary compounds used for defense against herbivores EXCEPT:
Responda
-
spines
-
alkaloids
-
terpenoids
-
tannins
Questão 101
Questão
Keystone predators can increase species diversity in a community because:
Responda
-
they eat most kinds of species
-
they allow species to live outside of their ecological range
-
they prevent prey from eating each other
-
they may prevent a superior competitor from becoming dominant
Questão 102
Questão
The first few years of succession on an abandoned agricultural field are characterized by a community of:
Responda
-
annual and biennial herbaceous plants
-
shrubs
-
trees
-
perennial herbaceous plants
Questão 103
Questão
The largest single source of anthropogenic (human-caused) increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide:
Responda
-
cattle ranching
-
mining
-
making fertilizer
-
burning fossil fuel
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