4042534
Descrição
Quiz por marissaellenking, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por marissaellenking
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Cool season grasses
-
Warm season grasses
Questão 2
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Cool season annual grasses
-
Cool season perennial grasses
Questão 3
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Tifton 85
-
Bermuda-grass
Questão 4
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Brown rib millet
-
Pearl millet
Questão 5
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Legumes
-
Grasses
Questão 6
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Leaves
-
Stems
Questão 7
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Stems in the upper canopy of the plant
-
Stems in the lower canopy of the plant
Questão 8
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Young green leaves
-
Dead leaves
Questão 9
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in spring
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in mid-summer
Questão 10
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in mid-summer
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in fall
Questão 11
Questão
Which is more digestible?
Responda
-
Alfalfa in cool weather
-
Alfalfa in summer weather
Questão 12
Questão
The [blank_start]hotter[blank_end] the temperature the [blank_start]faster[blank_end] the plant goes through [blank_start]lignification[blank_end].
Responda
-
hotter
-
faster
-
lignification
Questão 13
Questão
[blank_start]Sodseeding[blank_end] is the general term used to describe the practice of establishing forage crops into perennial, grass dominant, hay and/or pasture. Usually accomplished with a no-till grain drill or broadcasting seed.
Responda
-
Sodseeding
Questão 14
Questão
What are ways that sod-seeding is usually done?
Responda
-
No-till grain drill
-
Broadcasting seed
-
Tiller
Questão 15
Questão
The establishment of legumes such as clover or alfalfa into tall fescue is usually practiced where?
Responda
-
Upper south
-
Lower south
Questão 16
Questão
Cool season annual grasses (ryegrass, rye, oats, wheat) and/or leagues (clover) planted into dormant perennial warm season grass sods (bahiagrass, bermudagrass) if primarily done where?
Responda
-
Upper south
-
Lower south
Questão 17
Questão
What are some benefits of multiple species pastures/hayfields?
Responda
-
Higher forage yield per pasture/field
-
Improved forage quality
-
Nitrogen fiaxtion
-
Longer growing season in pasture/field
-
Lower forage yield per pasture/field
-
Average forage quality
-
Nitrogen leaching
-
Shorter growing season
Questão 18
Questão
[blank_start]Legumes[blank_end] typically have higher protein and are more digestible.
Responda
-
Legumes
Questão 19
Questão
What are the benefits to sod-seeding?
Responda
-
Soil conservation
-
Time
-
Fuel
-
Moisture
Questão 20
Questão
What are the sod-seeding principles?
Responda
-
Fertility
-
Reduce existing vegetation
-
Use high quality seed
-
Inoculate legumes with correct bacterial strain
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Plant at correct time with correct seeding rate
-
Insure soil contact
-
Control competition from existing vegetation
-
Control pests
Questão 21
Questão
[blank_start]Grazing[blank_end] and [blank_start]mowing[blank_end] are ways to control competition from existing vegetation.
Responda
-
Grazing
-
mowing
Questão 22
Questão
[blank_start]Forage quality[blank_end] refers to the ability of a forage to support desired levels of animal performance.
Responda
-
Forage quality
Questão 23
Questão
Forage quality is a function of [blank_start]voluntary intake[blank_end] and [blank_start]nutritive value[blank_end].
Responda
-
voluntary intake
-
nutritive value
Questão 24
Questão
Palatability refers to the [blank_start]appeal[blank_end] and [blank_start]acceptability[blank_end] of feedstuffs to an animal.
Responda
-
appeal
-
acceptability
Questão 25
Questão
Crude protein represents the total [blank_start]nitrogen[blank_end] content in the diet ([blank_start]true protein[blank_end] as well as [blank_start]non-protein nitrogen[blank_end]).
Responda
-
nitrogen
-
true protein
-
non-protein nitrogen
Questão 26
Questão
[blank_start]N[blank_end] X 6.25 = CP
Responda
-
N
Questão 27
Questão
[blank_start]Digestible energy[blank_end] provides an indication of the total amount of energy from a feed that can be available fore use by the animal.
Responda
-
Digestible energy
Questão 28
Questão
Non starch carbohydrates are simple carbs such as [blank_start]starches[blank_end] and [blank_start]sugars[blank_end] that can be [blank_start]rapidly[blank_end] and [blank_start]easily[blank_end] digested by the animal.
Responda
-
starches
-
sugars
-
rapidly
-
easily
Questão 29
Questão
[blank_start]Cellulose[blank_end] are major structural carbs present in plant cell walls.
Responda
-
Cellulose
Questão 30
Questão
Cellulose is [blank_start]utilized[blank_end] by rumen microbes.
Responda
-
utilized
Questão 31
Questão
Hemi-cellulose is more digestible than [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end] but less [blank_start]digestible[blank_end] than starches and sugars.
Responda
-
cellulose
-
digestible
Questão 32
Questão
[blank_start]Lignin[blank_end] is a major structural component found in plant cell walls and is [blank_start]undigestible[blank_end].
Responda
-
Lignin
-
undigestible
Questão 33
Questão
As [blank_start]lignin[blank_end] in the plant increases, [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end] digestion decreases.
Responda
-
lignin
-
cellulose
Questão 34
Questão
Total digestible nutrients (TDN) is the measure of [blank_start]energy[blank_end] value in a feed.
Responda
-
energy
Questão 35
Questão
Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is a close estimate of the amount of total [blank_start]fiber[blank_end] in a feedstuff.
Responda
-
fiber
Questão 36
Questão
NDF is generally composed of [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end], [blank_start]hemicellulose[blank_end], and [blank_start]lignin[blank_end].
Responda
-
cellulose
-
hemicellulose
-
lignin
Questão 37
Questão
Acid detergent fiber (ADF) is the least [blank_start]digestible fiber[blank_end] portion of a forage.
Responda
-
digestible fiber
Questão 38
Questão
ADF includes [blank_start]lignin[blank_end] and [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end].
Responda
-
lignin
-
cellulose
Questão 39
Questão
TDN = [blank_start]total digestible nutrients[blank_end]
Responda
-
total digestible nutrients
Questão 40
Questão
NDF = [blank_start]neutral detergent fiber[blank_end]
Responda
-
neutral detergent fiber
Questão 41
Questão
ADF = [blank_start]acid detergent fiber[blank_end]
Responda
-
acid detergent fiber
Questão 42
Questão
[blank_start]Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy[blank_end] (NIRS) rapidly and reproductively measures the chemical composition of a feed sample.
Responda
-
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Questão 43
Questão
[blank_start]NIRS[blank_end] is based on the fact that each of the major chemical components of a sample has a characteristic near infrared light absorption.
Responda
-
NIRS
Questão 44
Questão
[blank_start]NIRS[blank_end] = near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Responda
-
NIRS
Questão 45
Questão
Relative feed value is used to compare the potential of two or more like forages on the basis of [blank_start]energy intake[blank_end].
Responda
-
energy intake
Questão 46
Questão
RFV = [blank_start]relative feed value[blank_end]
Responda
-
relative feed value
Questão 47
Questão
RFV of 100 is equivalent to...
Responda
-
Full bloom alfalfa
-
Half bloom alfalfa
-
Full bloom crimson clover
-
Full bloom white clover
Questão 48
Questão
What is RFV based on?
Responda
-
NDF
-
ADF
-
NIRS
-
TDN
Questão 49
Questão
What is NDF an indicator of?
Responda
-
Forage intake
-
Digestibility
-
Feed value
Questão 50
Questão
What is ADF an indicator of?
Responda
-
Forage intake
-
Digestibility
-
Feed value
Questão 51
Questão
RFQ of 100 is equal to?
Responda
-
Full bloom alfalfa
-
Full bloom white clover
-
Full bloom millet
-
Full bloom red clover
Questão 52
Questão
RFQ takes into account what?
Responda
-
DMI
-
TDN
-
RVF
-
ADF
-
NDF
Questão 53
Questão
DMI = [blank_start]dry matter intake[blank_end]
Responda
-
dry matter intake
Questão 54
Questão
RFQ = [blank_start]relative forage quality[blank_end]
Responda
-
relative forage quality
Questão 55
Questão
If the RFQ is higher it is also what?
Responda
-
More nutritious
-
More valuable
-
Less valuable
-
Less nutritious
Questão 56
Questão
What factors affect forage quality?
Responda
-
Plant species
-
Plant parts
-
Climate
-
Stage of maturity
-
Fertilization
-
Diurnal Fluctuations
Questão 57
Questão
Certain species of plants posses certain compounds that interfere with [blank_start]digestibility[blank_end].
Responda
-
digestibility
Questão 58
Questão
Drought stress may [blank_start]improve[blank_end] digestibility.
Responda
-
improve
Questão 59
Questão
Stage of maturity has greater effect on [blank_start]nutritive[blank_end] value than any other factor.
Responda
-
nutritive
Questão 60
Questão
[blank_start]Lignification[blank_end] of cell wall occurs with maturity. the more mature the more lignin if found in the cell wall.
Responda
-
Lignification
Questão 61
Questão
With maturity: [blank_start]yield[blank_end] increases but [blank_start]quality[blank_end] decreases
Responda
-
yield
-
quality
Questão 62
Questão
White clover is digestible for longer because of what?
Responda
-
Lack of true stems
-
Prominent true stems
Questão 63
Questão
Which is more digestible for longer?
Responda
-
Arrow-leaf clover
-
Crimson clover
Questão 64
Questão
Nitrogen generally has little effect on what?
Responda
-
Digestibility
-
Quality
-
RFV
-
ADF
Questão 65
Questão
[blank_start]Diurnal fluctuations[blank_end] is where soluble carbohydrates build up in the plant during [blank_start]daylight[blank_end]. Plants use those soluble carbohydrates over night.
Responda
-
Diurnal fluctuations
-
daylight
Questão 66
Questão
1/2 inch of rain decreases TDN by what?
Responda
-
3.5%
-
5.5%
-
20.2%
-
10.8%
Questão 67
Questão
1 inch of rain will decrease TDN by what?
Responda
-
5%
-
10%
-
14%
-
3.5%
Questão 68
Questão
If hay is left uncut each day after 4 weeks TDN will drop [blank_start]0.5%[blank_end] per day.
Responda
-
0.5%
Questão 69
Questão
How should hay be orientated for all day sun exposure?
Responda
-
North to South
-
East to West
Questão 70
Questão
Soil compaction is a reduction in pore space therefore, it also...
Responda
-
Decreases soil volume
-
Decreases porosity
-
Increases bulk density
-
increases soil volume
-
Increases porosity
-
Decreases bulk density
Questão 71
Questão
[blank_start]Surface[blank_end] compaction = compaction that occurs in the surface "plow layer"
Responda
-
Surface
Questão 72
Questão
[blank_start]Subsurface[blank_end]/[blank_start]subsoil[blank_end] compaction = compaction that occurs below the plow layer
Responda
-
Subsurface
-
subsoil
Questão 73
Questão
What is the equation for bulk density?
Responda
-
Bulk density = Ms/Vt
-
Bulk density = Vt/Ms
-
Bulk density = Vv/Vt
-
Bulk density = Vt/Vv
Questão 74
Questão
What is the equation for porosity?
Responda
-
Porosity = Vv/Vt
-
Porosity = Vt/Vv
-
Porosity = Ms/Vt
-
Porosity = Vt/Ms
Questão 75
Questão
Reduction in pore space and reduction in yield are effects of [blank_start]compaction[blank_end].
Responda
-
compaction
Questão 76
Questão
Reduction in pore space is an effect of compaction. This effect can also result in water issues. Check all that apply to water issues.
Responda
-
Low infiltration
-
Poor drainage
-
Poor water holding capacity
-
Erosion
-
Runoff
Questão 77
Questão
Reduction in pore space is an effect of compaction. This effect can also result in plant development issues. Check all that apply to plant development issues.
Responda
-
Increased resistance to root penetration
-
Emergence issues
-
Reduction in nutiient uptake
-
Poor drainage
-
Runoff
-
Erosion
Questão 78
Questão
What are the 3 main causes of compaction?
Responda
-
Equipment traffic
-
Livestock traffic
-
Tillage operations
-
Human traffic
-
Naturally occurring compaction
-
Wind erosion
Questão 79
Questão
Total axle load, contact pressure between the tire and soil, and soil moisture affects what type of compaction?
Responda
-
Surface compaction
-
Subsoil compaction
Questão 80
Questão
Greater axle load and wet soil conditions [blank_start]increases[blank_end] depth of compaction
Responda
-
increases
Questão 81
Questão
Check all that apply to livestock traffic.
Responda
-
Repeated pressure in heavy traffic areas
-
Stocking rates
-
Rotation
-
Shallow compaction
-
Deep compaction
Questão 82
Questão
Continuous plowing or disking at the same depth causes [blank_start]hardpans[blank_end] just below the depth of tillage.
Responda
-
hardpans
Questão 83
Questão
To manage compaction with equipment traffic what should be done to decrease the depth of soil compaction?
Responda
-
Increase number of tires
-
Decrease number of tires
Questão 84
Questão
Proper rotation of livestock can prevent soil compaction as well as reduce [blank_start]erosion[blank_end] in high traffic areas.
Responda
-
erosion
Questão 85
Questão
[blank_start]Tillage[blank_end] depth should vary from year-to-year to reduce chances of hardpan development.
Responda
-
Tillage
Questão 86
Questão
What is used to measure soil compaction?
Responda
-
Pentrometer
-
Yard stick
-
Scale
-
Ruler
Questão 87
Questão
Penetrometers are supposed to mimic [blank_start]plant roots[blank_end].
Responda
-
plant roots
Questão 88
Questão
A dynamic penetrometer does what?
Responda
-
Moves
-
Stays stationary
Questão 89
Questão
A static penetrometer does what?
Responda
-
Stays stationary
-
Moves
Questão 90
Questão
What does a penetrometer use to measure soil compaction?
Responda
-
The resistance to root penetration
-
The depth you can physically go into the soil
-
The moisture content of the soil
-
The amount of sand, soil, or clay in the soil
Questão 91
Questão
The depth at which penetrations falls below [blank_start]300[blank_end] psi is recorded by the penetrometer.
Responda
-
300
Questão 92
Questão
What is a "lot" of hay defined as?
Responda
-
A single cutting, a single field and variety, and generally less then 200 tons
-
A random pull from different fields less than 200 tons
-
A square bale of hay
-
A round bale of hay
Questão 93
Questão
How many cores should be pulled from each lot?
Responda
-
20
-
40
-
10
-
5
Questão 94
Questão
How much hay should be submitted for analysis?
Responda
-
1/2 lb.
-
1 lb.
-
3 lbs.
-
1.5 lbs.
Questão 95
Questão
What length of probe should be used to collect samples?
Responda
-
12''- 24''
-
24''- 36''
-
10''- 20''
-
25''- 48''
Questão 96
Questão
What diameter of probe should be used to collect the cores?
Responda
-
3/8 - 3/4 "
-
1/2 - 3''
-
1/4 - 1''
-
2 - 3''
Questão 97
Questão
What are the reasons for having forage sampled?
Responda
-
Determine forage quality
-
Identify imbalances, deficiencies, and toxicities in the forage
-
Tell the producer if their soil management technique is working
-
Establish forage value $$$
Questão 98
Questão
The most limiting factor in the forage is the amount of what that the animal consumes?
Responda
-
The amount of digestible energy
-
The amount of protein
-
The amount of minerals
-
The amount of vitamins
-
The amount of water
Questão 99
Questão
A high quality forage is one that contains large concentrations of what?
Responda
-
Digestible nutrients
-
Protein
-
Minerals
-
Vitamins
Questão 100
Questão
What is the southeastern categorization RFQ value for Choice hay?
Responda
-
140-160 RFQ
-
90-110 RFQ
-
110-140 RFQ
-
160-180 RFQ
Questão 101
Questão
What is the southeastern categorization RFQ for standard hay?
Responda
-
90-110 RFQ
-
140-160 RFQ
-
120-140 RFQ
-
70-90 RFQ
Questão 102
Questão
In the southeastern hay contest held annually in conjunction with the Sunbelt Ag Expo, samples can be thrown out due to too high levels of what two items?
Responda
-
Moisture and nitrate
-
Nitrate and potassium
-
Moisture and potassium
-
Potassium and phosphorus
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