4199716
Descrição
Quiz por Kegen Sullivan, atualizado more than 1 year ago
|
Criado por Kegen Sullivan
quase 9 anos atrás
|
|
Questão 1
Questão
The supporting cells in the central nervous system phagocytize bacterial cells and cellular debris are:
Responda
-
microglial
-
oligodendrocytes
-
astrocytes
-
ependymal
Questão 2
Questão
The supporting cells in the central nervous system that provide insulating layers of myelin around axons in the brain and spinal cord are:
Responda
-
microglial
-
oligodendocytes
-
astrocytes
-
ependymal
Questão 3
Questão
The space between a presynaptic neuron and a postsynaptic neuron is called the __________, and a substance called ______________ is released.
Responda
-
dendrites, action potential
-
axon terminal, neurotransmitter
-
synaptic cleft, neurotransmitter
-
cell body, action potential
Questão 4
Questão
During depolarization ____________ channels open, _________ the membrane potential.
Responda
-
potassium, decreasing
-
potassium, increasing
-
sodium, increasing
-
sodium, decreasing
Questão 5
Questão
During repolarization, _________________ channels open, ___________________ the membrane potential.
Responda
-
potassium, decreasing
-
potassium, increasing
-
sodium, increasing
-
sodium, decreasing
Questão 6
Questão
Which of these statements about action potentials is FALSE?
Responda
-
It is an all-or-none response
-
a local current is produced that stimulates adjacent portions of the axon membrane (a wave)
-
normal resting membrane potential of a neuron is -70 mV
-
these are all true
Questão 7
Questão
Which of these fibers has the fastest nerve conduction?
Responda
-
a thick myelinated axon
-
a thick unmyelinated axon
-
a thin myelinated axon
-
a thing unmyelinated axon
Questão 8
Questão
Which of these neurotransmitters is responsible for skeletal muscle contraction?
Responda
-
histamine
-
GABA
-
acetylcholine
-
norepinephrine
Questão 9
Questão
Which of these neurotransmitters is responsible for pain perception?
Responda
-
nitric oxide
-
substance P
-
dopamine
-
acetylcholine
Questão 10
Questão
Which type of nerve fibers conducts impulses to an effector organ?
Responda
-
efferent
-
afferent
-
interneurons
Questão 11
Questão
Which of these is the innermost layer of meninges?
Responda
-
pia mater
-
dura mater
-
arachnoid mater
Questão 12
Questão
This part of the neuron is the receptive region; receiving input:
Responda
-
axon
-
cell body
-
dendrites
-
axonal hillock
Questão 13
Questão
This part of the brain is responsible for higher brain functions such as interpreting sensory impulses and initiating voluntary muscular movements:
Responda
-
reticular activating system
-
cerebellum
-
diencephalon
-
cerebrum
Questão 14
Questão
This part of the brain regulates heart rate, arterial blood pressure, body temperature, water and electrolyte balance, control of hunger and body weight, among others:
Responda
-
hypothalamus
-
thalamus
-
basal nuceli
-
medulla oblongata
Questão 15
Questão
This part of the brain contains centers to control vital visceral activities:
Responda
-
cerebellum
-
midbrain
-
medulla oblongata
-
cerebrum
Questão 16
Questão
This part of the brain is affected by anesthesia, resulting in unconsciousness:
Responda
-
reticular activating system
-
cerebrum
-
hypothalamus
-
limbic system
Questão 17
Questão
This part of the brain is responsible for integrating sensory information concerning the position of body parts and for coordinating complex skeletal muscle movements:
Responda
-
thalamus
-
medulla oblongata
-
pons
-
cerebellum
Questão 18
Questão
The basal nuclei (basal ganglia) are responsible for:
Responda
-
sleep and wakefullness
-
facilitating voluntary movement
-
synthesizing cerebral spinal fluid
-
interpret impulses from sensory receptors
Questão 19
Questão
The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains:
Responda
-
cell bodies of sensory neurons
-
cell bodies of motor neurons
-
axons from motor neurons
-
axons from sensory neurons
Questão 20
Questão
The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains:
Responda
-
cell bodies of a sensory neurons
-
cell bodies of motor neurons
-
axons from motor neurons
-
axons from sensory neurons
Questão 21
Questão
Which plexus innervates the muscles of the legs?
Responda
-
cervical
-
brachial
-
lumbosacral
Questão 22
Questão
Which of these is NOT part of the sympathetic response?
Responda
-
increased heart rate
-
increased force of contraction of the heart
-
dilation of bronchioles in the lung
-
these are all correct
Questão 23
Questão
Which of these is NOT part of the parasympathetic response?
Responda
-
decreased heart rate
-
contraction of urinary bladder
-
increased intestinal wall activity
-
these are all correct
Questão 24
Questão
A short preganglionic fiber, a long postganglionic fiber, and the secretion of norepinephrine onto the effector organ are all characteristic of:
Responda
-
sympathetic fibers
-
parasympathetic fibers
Questão 25
Questão
A long preganglionic fiber, a short postganglionic fiber, and the release of acetylcholine are all characteristic of:
Responda
-
sympathetic fibers
-
parasympathetic fibers
Questão 26
Questão
Which of these hormones acts by binding to receptor molecules on the target cell and activating a second messenger system?
Responda
-
testosterone
-
thyroid hormone
-
aldosterone
-
estrogen
Questão 27
Questão
Which of these hormones is not released by the posterior pituitary gland?
Responda
-
thyroid-stimulating hormone
-
adrenocorticotropic hormone
-
oxytocin
-
A and B
Questão 28
Questão
Which hormone of the anterior pituitary causes cells to enlarge and divide more frequently?
Responda
-
prolactin
-
ACTH
-
growth hormone
-
thyroid-stimulating hormone
Questão 29
Questão
Which of these statements about the posterior pituitary is FALSE?
Responda
-
the posterior pituitary stores hormones made in the hypothalamus
-
the posterior pituitary responds to impulses from the hypothalamus to release hormones into the blood
-
ADH and oxytocin are the only hormones stored in the posterior pituitary
-
the posterior pituitary responds to releasing or inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus
Questão 30
Questão
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) causes:
Responda
-
the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH
-
the anterior pituitary to secrete TSH
-
the anterior pituitary to secrete GH
-
the posterior pituitary to secrete ACTH
Questão 31
Questão
ADH acts on the _______________ to reabsorb water.
Responda
-
large intestine
-
bone
-
kidneys
-
livers
Questão 32
Questão
Which hormone(s) does the adrenal medulla secrete?
Responda
-
epinephrine
-
norepinephrine
-
cortisol
-
A and B
Questão 33
Questão
What is the function of aldosterone?
Responda
-
reabsorb water
-
increase blood calcium levels
-
increase blood glucose levels
-
reabsorb sodium and water
Questão 34
Questão
Which of these is NOT a function of cortisol?
Responda
-
increase blood levels of amino acids
-
increase utilization of fatty acids as an energy source
-
stimulation of liver to make glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (gluconeogenesis)
-
decrease blood glucose concentrations
Questão 35
Questão
Which of these is NOT a function of insulin?
Responda
-
promotes movement of glucose into certain cells
-
stimulates formation of glycogen from glucose
-
stimulates liver cells to break down glycogen into glucose
Questão 36
Questão
The pineal gland secretes:
Responda
-
progesterone
-
aldosterone
-
melatonin
-
glucagon
Questão 37
Questão
Which of these is NOT a response to stress?
Responda
-
The hypothalamus triggers sympathetic impulses to various organs
-
Epinephrine is released from sympathetic fibers
-
ACTH is released from the anterior pituitary
-
Cortisol is released
-
These are all correct
Questão 38
Questão
Most of the formed elements in a blood sample are:
Responda
-
platelets
-
plasma
-
erythrocytes
-
leukocytes
Questão 39
Questão
A deficiency in red blood cells or a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin results in a condition called:
Responda
-
leukopenia
-
anemia
-
jaundice
-
arrhythmia
Questão 40
Questão
You just landed in Colorado. You feel a little dizzy because of the higher altitude and lower pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere. Which hormone will your kidneys release?
Responda
-
erythropoietin
-
colony-stimulating factors
-
ADH
-
Glucagon
Questão 41
Questão
This plasma protein isn't used as fuel, but it's used to maintain the osmotic pressure of plasma:
Responda
-
fibrinogen
-
albumin
-
gamma globulin
-
beta globulin
Questão 42
Questão
Which of these is NOT contained in plasma?
Responda
-
glucose
-
electrolytes
-
amino acids
-
These are all in plasma
Questão 43
Questão
You go to the doctor because you've been sick the past week. The doctor orders a differential white blood cell count. What does this test tell you?
Responda
-
the total number of white blood cells
-
the percentages of the various types of leukocytes in a blood sample
-
the percentage of red blood cells
-
the percentage of hemoglobin
Questão 44
Questão
A type B person receives type A blood, what happens?
Responda
-
nothing, that person will be fine
-
agglutination
-
fever
-
anemia
Questão 45
Questão
A type AB person can receive:
Responda
-
type A blood
-
type B blood
-
type O blood
-
all of the above
Questão 46
Questão
A type O person can receive:
Responda
-
type A blood
-
type B blood
-
type O blood
-
all of the above
Questão 47
Questão
An Rh- negative woman conceives an Rh- negative fetus, what happens?
Responda
-
nothing, the woman and fetus are fine since they do not have the Rh antigen
-
the woman will make antibodies against the Rh-negative blood cells during the pregnancy
-
the woman will make antibodies against the Rh-negative blood cells after the birth
-
the woman will need to receive an injection of RhoGAM
Questão 48
Questão
The thick middle layer of the heart that consists of cardiac muscle tissue is the:
Responda
-
pericardium
-
endocardium
-
myocardium
-
epicardium
Questão 49
Questão
The heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is the:
Responda
-
tricuspid valve
-
bicuspid valve
-
pulmonary valve
-
aortic valve
Questão 50
Questão
The right ventricle ejects blood into the:
Responda
-
left atrium
-
pulmonary trunk
-
left ventricle
-
right atrium
Questão 51
Questão
The left ventricle ejects blood into the:
Responda
-
left atrium
-
aorta
-
pulmonary trunk
-
right atrium
Questão 52
Questão
Blood returning to the right atrium comes from:
Responda
-
superior vena cava
-
inferior vena cava
-
coronary sinus
-
all of the above
Questão 53
Questão
Systole refers to:
Responda
-
contraction
-
relaxation
Questão 54
Questão
Diastole refers to:
Responda
-
contraction
-
relaxation
Questão 55
Questão
The pacemaker of the heart is the:
Responda
-
purkinje fibers
-
AV node
-
SA node
-
AV bundle
Questão 56
Questão
Increased parasympathetic innervation of the heart results in:
Responda
-
increased heart rate
-
decreased heart rate
Questão 57
Questão
Which of these statements about arteries is false?
Responda
-
arteries have an inner muscular layer than can constrict or dilate
-
arteries are capacitance vessels and can expand to hold a lot of blood
-
arteries are strong, elastic vessels
-
arteries consist of three distinct layers
Questão 58
Questão
Which of these statements about veins is FALSE?
Responda
-
veins can distend to hold a lot of blood
-
veins contain valves to help blood return to the heart
-
veins contain three distinct layers
-
veins are much stronger than arteries
Questão 59
Questão
In which vessel does gas exchange occur?
Responda
-
aorta
-
venules
-
capillaries
-
arterioles
Questão 60
Questão
Where is blood pressure the highest?
Responda
-
capillary beds
-
aorta
-
femoral artery
-
inferior vena cava
Questão 61
Questão
If heart rate increases, what happens to blood pressure?
Responda
-
it increases
-
it decreases
-
it stays the same
Questão 62
Questão
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute is called:
Responda
-
heart rate
-
cardiac output
-
peripheral resistance
-
stroke volume
Questão 63
Questão
If blood volume decreases, what happens to blood pressure?
Responda
-
it stays the same
-
it increases
-
it decreases
Questão 64
Questão
A person with high blood pressure would most likely be prescribed a(an):
Responda
-
insulin
-
antibiotic
-
diuretic
-
nothing
Questão 65
Questão
During exercise, which of the following occurs?
Responda
-
venous blood return increases due to the skeletal muscle pump in veins
-
stronger ventricular contraction due to the Frank-Starling law of the heart
-
increase in heart rate due to increased sympathetic activity
-
all of the above
Questão 66
Questão
The blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart make up the:
Responda
-
systemic circuit
-
pulmonary circuit
Questão 67
Questão
Which of these structures is not part of the alimentary canal?
Responda
-
esophagus
-
stomach
-
pancreas
-
large intestine
Questão 68
Questão
Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for lubricating the tube's outer surface so that organs within the abdominal cavity can slide freely against one another?
Responda
-
muscular
-
submucosa
-
mucosa
-
serosa
Questão 69
Questão
Propelling movements in a wavelike motion is called:
Responda
-
peristalsis
-
mixing
-
segmentation
-
contraction
Questão 70
Questão
Serous cells in salivary glands:
Responda
-
secrete mucus to act as a lubricant during swallowing
-
begin the digestion of fats and proteins
-
produce a watery fluid containing salivary amylase to split starch
Questão 71
Questão
Parietal cells in the stomach release:
Responda
-
hydrochloric acid
-
intrinsic factor
-
digestive enzymes
-
A and B
Questão 72
Questão
What is the function of pepsin?
Responda
-
to digest fats
-
to digest proteins
-
to digest carbohydrates
-
to cause the secretion of bile
Questão 73
Questão
Mucous cells in the stomach provide an _____________ layer to protect the stomach.
Responda
-
acidic
-
alkaline
Questão 74
Questão
Which hormone is responsible for decreasing the secretory activity of gastric glands and inhibits gastric motility?
Responda
-
gastrin
-
cholecystokinin
-
secretin
-
leptin
Questão 75
Questão
Which hormone causes the pancreas to secrete a fluid high in bicarbonate ion concentration?
Responda
-
gastrin
-
cholecystokinin
-
secretin
-
leptin
Questão 76
Questão
Which hormone stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile?
Responda
-
leptin
-
secretin
-
cholecystokinin
-
gastrin
Questão 77
Questão
Which hormone stimulates the pancreas to secrete fluid with high digestive enzyme concentration?
Responda
-
gastrin
-
chelocystokinin
-
secretin
-
leptin
Questão 78
Questão
How are gastric secretions regulated?
Responda
-
parasympathetic impulses that release ACh
-
the release of gastrin
-
the smell of food
-
all of the above
Questão 79
Questão
Which of these substances is absorbed in the stomach?
Responda
-
glucose
-
amino acids
-
alcohol
-
none of the above
Questão 80
Questão
_____________ cells synthesize bile, which is needed for __________________.
Responda
-
kidney, emulsification
-
hepatic, peristalsis
-
hepatic, emulsification
-
gallbladder, carbohydrate digestion
Questão 81
Questão
Proteins and fats in the duodenum stimulate the release of the hormone ________________, which causes the contraction of the ______________.
Responda
-
gastrin, gallbladder
-
CCK, gallbladder
-
secretin, pancreas
-
gastrin, stomach
Questão 82
Questão
Emulsification allows these enzymes to function properly:
Responda
-
lipases
-
amylases
-
nucleases
-
peptidases
Questão 83
Questão
Which of these is NOT a function of the small intestine?
Responda
-
absorb digestive products
-
finishes digestion with enzymes embedded in microvilli
-
transports residues to the large intestine
-
all of the above
Questão 84
Questão
Which of these sugars will be absorbed into a villus?
Responda
-
sucrose
-
maltose
-
glucose
-
lactose
Questão 85
Questão
These nutrients must enter lacteals before joining the general circulation:
Responda
-
sugars
-
proteins
-
fats
-
vitamins
Questão 86
Questão
The lipoprotein with the highest concentration of protein and lowest concentration of lipids, and removes cholesterol from tissues is:
Responda
-
VLDL
-
LDL
-
HDL
Questão 87
Questão
The lipoprotein that transports triglycerides synthesized from excess dietary carbohydrate is:
Responda
-
VLDL
-
LDL
-
HDL
Questão 88
Questão
Which of these is NOT a function of the large intestine?
Responda
-
absorbs water and electrolytes
-
finish digesting fats
-
synthesize vitamins
-
store feces
Questão 89
Questão
Proteins from food must be _____________ before they can be used as energy sources.
Responda
-
oxidized
-
reduced
-
deaminated
-
aminated
Questão 90
Questão
Ketone bodies are a result of:
Responda
-
fat metabolism
-
protein metabolism
-
carbohydrate metabolism
Questão 91
Questão
Which of these respiratory structures is involved in gas exchange?
Responda
-
larynx
-
trachea
-
bronchioles
-
alveoli
Questão 92
Questão
Inspiration occurs because:
Responda
-
intra-alveolar pressure increases
-
intra-alveolar pressure decreases
-
atmospheric pressure increases
-
atmospheric pressure decreases
Questão 93
Questão
Which muscles are used for inspiration?
Responda
-
external intercostals
-
internal intercostals
-
diaphragm
-
A and C
Questão 94
Questão
Which muscles are used for passive expiration?
Responda
-
external intercostals
-
internal intercostals
-
diaphragm
-
none of the above
Questão 95
Questão
The volume of air that enters or leaves a single respiratory cycle is the:
Responda
-
tidal volume
-
residual volume
-
total lung capacity
-
inspiratory capacity
Questão 96
Questão
Central chemoreceptors are most sensitive to changes in levels of:
Responda
-
carbon dioxide
-
nitrogen
-
oxygen
-
hemoglobin
Questão 97
Questão
Peripheral chemoreceptors are most sensitive to changes in blood levels of:
Responda
-
carbon dioxide
-
nitrogen
-
oxygen
-
hemoglobin
Questão 98
Questão
Most oxygen in the body is transported:
Responda
-
dissolved in plasma
-
bound to hemoglobin
Questão 99
Questão
Most carbon dioxide in the body is transported:
Responda
-
dissolved in plasma
-
bound to hemoglobin
-
as bicarbonate ion
Questão 100
Questão
Where does the following reaction occur?
H+ + HCO3- ---> H2CO3 ----> CO2 + H2O
Responda
-
Plasma
-
lung capillaries
-
kidney capillaries
-
stomach capillaries
Questão 101
Questão
Choose the correct pathway of urine formation:
Responda
-
Glomerulus > PCT > Collecting Duct > Nephron Loop > Bladder
-
PCT > glomerulus > Collecting Duct > Nephron Loop > Bladder
-
Glomerulus > PCT > Nephron Loop > Collecting Duct > Bladder
-
Nephron Loop > Glomerulus > Collecting Duct > Bladder
Questão 102
Questão
Where does filtration occur in the nephron?
Responda
-
glomerulus
-
PCT
-
Nephron loop
-
DCT
Questão 103
Questão
Where does most reabsorption of substances occur in the nephron?
Responda
-
glomerulus
-
PCT
-
Nephron loop
-
DCT
Questão 104
Questão
Where does secretion occur in the nephron?
Responda
-
glomerulus
-
PCT
-
Nephron loop
-
DCT
-
both B and D
Questão 105
Questão
The _________________ regulates how concentrated urine will be.
Responda
-
glomerulus
-
PCT
-
DCT
-
collecting duct
Questão 106
Questão
A decrease in salt concentration will cause the juxtaglomerular cells to secrete the enzyme __________.
Responda
-
EPO
-
Renin
-
Aldosterone
-
ADH
Questão 107
Questão
Which of these is a result of angiotensin II?
Responda
-
vasoconstriction
-
aldosterone secretion
-
increased thirst
-
all of the above
Questão 108
Questão
Constricting the efferent arteriole causes:
Responda
-
an increase in the GFR
-
a decrease in the GFR
-
nothing changes to the GFR
Questão 109
Questão
Which of the following does NOT occur during micturition?
Responda
-
the internal sphincter must open
-
the external sphincter relaxes
-
the detrusor muscle contracts
-
the detrusor muscle relaxes
Questão 110
Questão
Which of these ions is found in greater concentration in the extracellular fluid?
Responda
-
potassium
-
sodium
-
chloride
-
B and C
Questão 111
Questão
An example of transcellular fluid is:
Responda
-
fluid in the cytosol of a cell
-
plasma
-
lymph
-
synovial fluid
Questão 112
Questão
Your blood is becoming too acidic, which of the following does NOT occur to regain homeostasis?
Responda
-
hydrogen ions are secreted into the renal tubules
-
hydrogen ions are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries
-
rate and depth of breathing increases
Questão 113
Questão
Which of these is a second line of defense against a pH shift?
Responda
-
phosphate buffer system
-
protein buffer system
-
renal mechanism
-
bicarbonate buffer system
Questão 114
Questão
Which of these causes respiratory acidosis?
Responda
-
vomiting up contents from the small intestine
-
excessive ketone production from diabetes
-
diarrhea
-
trauma to respiratory center of the brainstem
Questão 115
Questão
Your blood is becoming too basic, which of the following does NOT occur to regain homeostasis?
Responda
-
H2PO4- > H+ +HPO4-2
-
Hydrogen ions are secreted into the renal tubules
-
Hydrogen ions are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries
-
The rate and depth of breathing decreases
Questão 116
Questão
Which of these causes respiratory alkalosis?
Responda
-
vomiting up stomach contents
-
hyperventilating
-
ingestion of too many antacids
-
kidney failure
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