4226240
Descrição
Quiz por Avi Chudasama, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Avi Chudasama
quase 9 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
_____ are short term regulators of appetite, whereas ______ is a long-term regulator
Responda
-
Insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY)
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Peptide YY (PYY) and insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK)
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Peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK)
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Leptin and insulin; cholecystokinin (CCK)
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leptin and insulin; peptide YY (PYY)
Questão 2
Questão
______ yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized, whereas ______ yield about 9 kcal/g?
Responda
-
proteins and carbohydrates, fats
-
proteins, fats and carbohydrates
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fats, carbohydrates and proteins
-
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
-
carbohydrates and fats, proteins
Questão 3
Questão
Most carbohydrates in the body are found:
Responda
-
adipose tissue
-
muscular tissue
-
blood
-
liver
-
pancrease
Questão 4
Questão
Carbohydrates function as structural components of other molecules including all of the following except:
Responda
-
glycolipids
-
glycoproteins
-
nucleic acids
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amino acids
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ATP
Questão 5
Questão
Lipid functions include all of the following except:
Responda
-
plasma mebrane structure
-
forming myelin around nerve fibers
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chemical structure of hormones
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cushioning around soft organs
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forming skeletal muscle fibers
Questão 6
Questão
_____ constitutes the so-called " bad cholesterol"?
Responda
-
triglycerides
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chylomicrons
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low-density lipoproteins
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high-density lipoproteins
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very-low density lipoproteins
Questão 7
Questão
HDL comes from:
Responda
-
liver
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diet
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pancreas
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small intestine
-
GB
Questão 8
Questão
Proteins are associated with all these functions except:
Responda
-
muscle contraction
-
transport of blood lipids
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blood viscosity and osmolarity
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enzymatic reactions
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serving as cofactors for enzymes
Questão 9
Questão
Most protein in the body is found in:
Responda
-
skeletal system
-
muscular system
-
cardiovascular
-
integumentary
-
lmyphatic
Questão 10
Questão
Which of the following would you expect to be in a state of negative nitrogen balance:
Responda
-
growing kids
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preggers
-
weightlifters
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patients with muscle atrophy
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bodybuilders
Questão 11
Questão
High-quality ______ proteins are those that provide all the essential amino acids
Responda
-
globular
-
fibrous
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net
-
incomplete
-
complete
Questão 12
Questão
Vitamin____deficiency is the most common worldwide.
Responda
-
A
-
B
-
C
-
D
-
E
Questão 13
Questão
Mineral are _____ , whereas vitamins are ______?
Responda
-
micronutrients, macronutrients
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water soluble elements, lipid-soluble compounds
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inorganic elements, organic compounds
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inessential nutrients, essential nutrients
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incomplete nutrients, complete nutrients
Questão 14
Questão
_____ is a product of glycolysis
Responda
-
glucose
-
carbon dioxide
-
lactic acid
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pyruvic acid
-
acetyl CoA
Questão 15
Questão
Which of these processes is essential for all of the rest to happen?
Responda
-
glycolysis
-
citric acid cycle (Krebs)
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lactic acid reduction
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electron-transport chain
-
anaerobic fermentation
Questão 16
Questão
The synthesis of glucose from amino acids belongs to a metabolic process called?
Responda
-
glycogenesis
-
glycogenolysis
-
glycolysis
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gluconeogenesis
-
glycogen catabolism
Questão 17
Questão
______ is a product of aerobic respiration:
Responda
-
carbon dioxide
-
pyruvic acid
-
lactic acid
-
oxygen
-
glucose
Questão 18
Questão
Most of the NADH contributing energy to ATP synthesis is produced by:
Responda
-
glycolysis
-
citric acid cycle
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mitochondrial proton pumps
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anaerobic fermentation
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electron transfer from FADH2
Questão 19
Questão
Glycolysis and aerobic respiration collectively produce up to _____ ATP per glucose, whereas anaerobic fermentation produces______.
Responda
-
2, about the same, varying from one tissue to another
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38, none
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38, 2
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38, 36
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38, about the same varying from one tissue to another
Questão 20
Questão
Which of the following compounds yields the most ATP per molecule?
Responda
-
glucose
-
pyruvic acid
-
acetyl coA
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lactic acid
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glycogen
Questão 21
Questão
The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein ____, which harnesses the energy created by H+ flow to produce ATP by a process called _____:
Responda
-
enzyme complex, reduction
-
ATP synthase, oxidation
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enzyme complex, proton pumping
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ATP synthase, the chemiosmotic mechanism
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cytochrome c, reduction
Questão 22
Questão
Most of the body's fat is stored as?
Responda
-
LDL
-
HDL
-
cholesterol
-
triglyceride
-
fatty acids
Questão 23
Questão
Fatty acids are catabolized by a process called:
Responda
-
beta oxidation
-
ketogensis
-
lipgenesis
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lipolysis
-
the fat sparing effect
Questão 24
Questão
Incomplete fatty acid oxidation produces _____, which might lead to _____?
Responda
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triglycerides, new triglycerids
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ketone bodies, acidosis
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pyruvic acid, acidosis
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glycerol, alkalosis
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acetyl CoA, acidosis
Questão 25
Questão
Oxidation of a typical fatty acid can yield how many ATP?
Responda
-
2
-
18
-
36
-
38
-
129
Questão 26
Questão
The highest rate of tissue protein turnover happens in the?
Responda
-
intestinal mucosa
-
gastric mucosa
-
hepatic sinusoids
-
splenic sinusoids
-
pancreatic sinusoids
Questão 27
Questão
The first step in using amino acids as fuel is to ____ them?
Responda
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digest
-
deaminate
-
transaminate
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synthesize
-
aminate
Questão 28
Questão
The liver performs all of the following functions except?
Responda
-
glycogenesis
-
detoxification
-
phagocytosis
-
secretion of digestive enzymes
-
synthesis of plasma proteins
Questão 29
Questão
What metabolic process produces ammonia?
Responda
-
beta oxidation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid
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lipolysis
-
transamination of urea
-
amination of keto acids
-
deamination of glutamic acid
Questão 30
Questão
The liver does not?
Responda
-
convert ammonia to urea
-
carry out most beta oxidation
-
produce insulin and glucagon
-
synthesize cholesterol
-
synthesize glucose from fats and amino acids
Questão 31
Questão
During the postabsorptive state?
Responda
-
the principal regulatory hormone is
-
glucagon-blood glucose falls
-
fatty acids are oxidized for fuel
-
lipolysis is active
-
gluconeogenesis is suppressed
Questão 32
Questão
______ is secreted during the postabsorptive state?
Responda
-
gastrin
-
insulin
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CCK
-
growth hormone
-
secretin
Questão 33
Questão
_____ does not raise total metabolic rate (TMR)
Responda
-
starvation
-
anxiety
-
fever
-
eating a big meal
-
pregnancy
Questão 34
Questão
The basal metabolic rate should be measured when a person?
Responda
-
is sleeping
-
first rises in the morning
-
has just eaten a meal no more than 200kcal
-
is in the absorptive state
-
is engaged in normal physical activity but not strenuous exercises
Questão 35
Questão
Fats should account for about_____ percent of the daily caloric intake?
Responda
-
5
-
10
-
30
-
50
-
60
Questão 36
Questão
Glycogenesis is stimulated by _____ and the glycogenolysis is stimulated by ________?
Responda
-
insulin, glucagon and epinephrine
-
insulin, aldosterone
-
GH, glucagon and epinephrine
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GH, cortisol
-
GH, insulin
Questão 37
Questão
Only approximately _____ % of the energy in the glucose molecule winds up in ATP, the rest is lost as body heat?
Responda
-
10
-
20
-
40
-
98
-
80
Questão 38
Questão
During periods of fasting, fat is said to have a protein-sparing effect because the body?
Responda
-
oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves
-
metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways
-
must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins
-
must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats
-
does not oxidize its protein unless it has consumed its fat reserve first
Questão 39
Questão
glucose in excess of the body's immediate needs is usually converted to protein
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 40
Questão
both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolism
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 41
Questão
the absorpitive state is regulated by insulin, whereas the postabsorptive state is regulated by multiple hormones?
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 42
Questão
NE stimulates cravings for carbs whereas endorphins stimulate cravings for proteins
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 43
Questão
aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic fermentation, but the latter is oxygen independent
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 44
Questão
most body fat in overweight people is stored in the integumentary system
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 45
Questão
consumption of excess calories during adulthood causes adipocytes to multiple
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 46
Questão
the most abundant nitrogenous waste in blood is urea, which is produced by the combination of ammonia with carbon dioxide
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 47
Questão
the absorptive state lasts about 15 minutes after a meal
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 48
Questão
mental state does not affect metabolic rate
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 49
Questão
when a person is active, most of the body heat is generated in the brain, heart, and endocrine glands
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 50
Questão
heat promoting center is located in the hypothalamus, which triggers shivering
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 51
Questão
when a person is active, most of the body heat is generated in the brain, heart, and endocrine glands
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 52
Questão
hypothermia may be fatal if the core body temperature reaches 37 or lower
Responda
- True
- False
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