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Practice Set (6) - Artifacts and Corrections

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Diploma MR Quiz sobre Practice Set (6) - Artifacts and Corrections, criado por S L em 30-01-2016.
S L
Quiz por S L, atualizado more than 1 year ago
S L
Criado por S L mais de 8 anos atrás
52
1
0

Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
An image artifact caused by anatomical motion along a gradient is known as what type of artifact
Responda
  • Ringing
  • Aliasing
  • Volume averaging
  • Phase mismapping

Questão 2

Questão
Another name for phase mismapping artifact is
Responda
  • Ringing
  • Aliasing
  • Ghosting
  • Truncation

Questão 3

Questão
An example ofphase mismapping artifact is
Responda
  • Cardiac motion
  • Flow motion
  • Respiratory motion
  • Cardiac motion & Flow motion & Respiratory motion

Questão 4

Questão
An example of aperiodic motion is
Responda
  • Cardiac motion
  • Flow motion
  • Respiratory motion
  • Peristalsis motion

Questão 5

Questão
Ghosting artifact on an MR image caused by the heart can be decreased by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Decreasing bandwidth
  • Peripheral compensation
  • Cardiac gating
  • Respiratory compensation

Questão 6

Questão
Motion artifact on an MR image caused by flowing blood or CSF can be decreased by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Respiratory compensaton
  • Patient education
  • Gradient moment nulling
  • Respiratory gating

Questão 7

Questão
Peripheral gating is a technique used to decrease what type of motion artifact
Responda
  • CSF pulsation motion
  • Cardiac motion
  • Swallowing
  • Respiratory motion

Questão 8

Questão
A saturation pulse is a technique used to reduce what type of motion artifact
Responda
  • Blood flow motion
  • Respiratory motion
  • Swallowing motion
  • All of the above

Questão 9

Questão
Phase mismapping artifact always occurs in which direction of the MR image
Responda
  • Frequency direction
  • Phase direction
  • Slice selection direction
  • Readout direction

Questão 10

Questão
Phase mismapping artifact caused by respiratory motion can be decreased by which method
Responda
  • Presaturation pulse
  • Swapping phase and frequency direction
  • Respiratory compensation
  • All of the above

Questão 11

Questão
Gradient moment nulling is most effective in reducing flow related motion in which type of flow
Responda
  • Slow flow
  • Fast flow
  • Inplane flow
  • Slow flow and inplane flow

Questão 12

Questão
The artifact that is produced when anatomy that is outside the FOV is mapped within the FOV is known as
Responda
  • Phase mismapping
  • Aliasing
  • Partial volume averaging
  • Magnetic susceptibility

Questão 13

Questão
Another name for aliasing artifact is
Responda
  • Foldover artifact
  • Ringing artifact
  • Wraparound artifact
  • Foldover artifact & Wraparound artifact

Questão 14

Questão
Wraparound artifact occurs in which direction of an MR image
Responda
  • Phase direction
  • Frequency direction
  • Slice selection direction
  • Phase direction & Frequency direction

Questão 15

Questão
Wraparound artifact caused by undersampling of frequencies in the readout direction is known as
Responda
  • Phase wrap
  • Frequency wrap
  • Gibbs wrap
  • Truncation

Questão 16

Questão
Foldover artifact caused by undersampling of signal in the phase encoding direction is known as
Responda
  • Phase wrap
  • Frequency wrap
  • Gibbs wrap
  • None of the above

Questão 17

Questão
Aliasing artifact in the frequency direction can be corrected by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Decreasing the FOV
  • Increasing the matrix
  • Filtering the frequencies outside the FOV in the phase direction
  • Filtering the frequencies outside the FOV in the frequency direction

Questão 18

Questão
Foldover artifact in the phase direction can be corrected by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Oversampling the signal outside the FOV
  • Increasing the FOV
  • Using saturation pulses outside the FOV
  • All of the above

Questão 19

Questão
The precessional frequency of hydrogen is influenced by its chemical environment
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
In fat, the hydrogen atom is bound with what other type of atom
Responda
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Helium
  • Carbon

Questão 21

Questão
In water, the hydrogen atom is bound with what other type of atom
Responda
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Helium
  • Carbon

Questão 22

Questão
The artifact that is caused due to the difference in precessional frequencies between fat and water is called
Responda
  • Magnetic susceptibility
  • Chemical shift
  • Truncation
  • Aliasing

Questão 23

Questão
In a 1.5 tesla magnet, the difference in the precessional frequency between fat and water is
Responda
  • 250 MHz
  • 210 MHz
  • 220 Watts
  • 220 Hz

Questão 24

Questão
In a 1.0 tesla magnet, the difference in the precessional frequency between fat and water is
Responda
  • 130 MHz
  • 147 Hz
  • 200 Hz
  • 220 Hz

Questão 25

Questão
Chemical shift artifact occurs in which direction of the MR image
Responda
  • Phase encoding direction
  • Frequency encoding direction
  • Slice selection direction
  • None of the above

Questão 26

Questão
In an MR image, the degree of chemical shift artifact depends upon which parameter
Responda
  • Receive bandwidth
  • Size of the FOV
  • Magnetic field strength
  • All of the above

Questão 27

Questão
Chemical shift artifact can be minimized by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Minimizing the FOV
  • Increasing the receive bandwidth
  • Utilizing chemical saturation
  • All of the above

Questão 28

Questão
The artifact that is caused by the phase differences between fat and water is known as
Responda
  • Chemical shift
  • Phase wrap
  • Chemical misregistration
  • Ringing

Questão 29

Questão
Chemical misregistration artifact most commonly occurs in which direction of the MR image
Responda
  • Phase encoding direction
  • Frequency encoding direction
  • Slice selection direction
  • None of the above

Questão 30

Questão
Chemical misregistration artifact is most likely to affect which type of pulse sequence
Responda
  • Spin echo pulse sequences
  • Inversion recovery pulse sequences
  • Gradient echo pulse sequences
  • None of the above

Questão 31

Questão
Which imaging parameter affects the amount of chemical misregistration that will be seen on an image
Responda
  • TR
  • TI
  • TE
  • NEX

Questão 32

Questão
At 1.5 tesla, to reduce chemical misregistration artifact, the TE should be a multiple of what time
Responda
  • 3.1 ms
  • 4.2 ms
  • 6.6 ms
  • 7.3 ms

Questão 33

Questão
At 0.5 tesla, to reduce chemical misregistration artifact, the TE should be a multiple of what time
Responda
  • 3.1 ms
  • 4.2 ms
  • 6.6 ms
  • 7.0 ms

Questão 34

Questão
The time that both fat and water are in phase with each other is known as
Responda
  • Peroidicity
  • Repetition time
  • Inversion time
  • None of the above

Questão 35

Questão
Another name for truncation artifact is
Responda
  • Foldover artifact
  • Gibbs artifact
  • Ringing artifact
  • Gibbs artifact & Ringing artifact

Questão 36

Questão
The artifact that appears as a low intensity band in areas of high intensity due to undersampling is known as
Responda
  • Gibbs artifact
  • Truncation artifact
  • Ringing artifact
  • All of the above

Questão 37

Questão
Gibbs artifact can be decreased by ________ the number of phase encoding steps
Responda
  • Increasing
  • Decreasing

Questão 38

Questão
Truncation artifact occurs in which direction of the MRl image
Responda
  • Phase encoding direction
  • Frequency encoding direction
  • Slice selection direction
  • None of the above

Questão 39

Questão
Metal in the patient, in the area that is being scanned, will most likely create what type of artifact
Responda
  • Foldover artifact
  • Chemical shift artifact
  • Truncation artifact
  • Magnetic susceptability

Questão 40

Questão
Magnetic susceptibility artifact is most prominent in what type of pulse sequence
Responda
  • Spin echo
  • Inversion recovery
  • Gradient echo
  • None of the above

Questão 41

Questão
Magnetic susceptibility artifact can be used to help diagnose what pathology
Responda
  • Torn meniscus
  • Herniated nucleus pulposis
  • Pituitary adenoma
  • Hemorrhage

Questão 42

Questão
An artifact that is caused by an external radio frequency leak is known as
Responda
  • Shading artifact
  • Zipper artifact
  • Starring artifact
  • Herringbone

Questão 43

Questão
In clinical MRI, what method is used to prevent external radio frequency from affecting the MRI image
Responda
  • Copper shielded room
  • Iron shielded magnet
  • Passive shimming
  • None of the above

Questão 44

Questão
The artifact that is produced by overlapping radio frequency pulses in adjacent slices is known as
Responda
  • Cross excitation artifact
  • Aliasing artifact
  • Truncation artifact
  • Phase mismapping artifact

Questão 45

Questão
The artifact produced by the transfer of spin lattice energy from one slice to its adjacent slice is known as
Responda
  • Wraparound artifact
  • Ringing artifact
  • Cross talk artifact
  • Magnetic susceptibility

Questão 46

Questão
Cross excitation artifact can be eliminated by which ofthe following methods
Responda
  • Increasing interslice gap
  • Using a sine RF pulse
  • Interleaving
  • All of the above

Questão 47

Questão
The technique used to eliminate cross excitation artifact that acquires data in two separate acquisitions from alternating slices is known as
Responda
  • Aliasing
  • Interleaving
  • Spin warping
  • None of the above

Questão 48

Questão
To decrease the chances of cross excitation there should be at least what percentage of interslice gap
Responda
  • 10 %
  • 15 %
  • 30 %
  • 50 %

Questão 49

Questão
Cross excitation artifact is less likely to occur with which pulse sequence
Responda
  • Spin echo, 90 degree flip angle, 10% interslice gap
  • Spin echo, 90 degree flip angle, 50% interslice gap
  • Gradient echo, 15 degree flip angle, 30% interslice gap
  • Dual echo, 90 degree flip angle, 25% interslice gap

Questão 50

Questão
The artifact that is produced when many structures with different signal intensities are averaged together within a pixel is known as
Responda
  • Cross talk artifact
  • Truncation artifact
  • Partial volume averaging
  • Aliasing artifact

Questão 51

Questão
Volume averaging artifact can be reduced by which of the following methods
Responda
  • Increasing slice thickness
  • Decreasing slice thickness
  • Increasing NEX
  • Decreasing NEX

Questão 52

Questão
The artifact that is characterized by a loss of signal intensity in one area of an image is known as
Responda
  • Aliasing artifact
  • Ringing artifact
  • Shading artifact
  • None of the above

Questão 53

Questão
Shading artifact can be caused by what factor(s)
Responda
  • Inhomogeneity of the external magnetic field
  • Undersampling of phase encoding steps
  • Inhomogeneity of the RF pulse
  • Inhomogeneity of the external magnetic field & Inhomogeneity of the RF pulse

Questão 54

Questão
Data loss due to gradient instability, excessive noise, or tuning errors can cause an artifact with what type of appearance
Image:
e2867087-e083-45f1-9fb8-1c1f009f4872 (image/jpeg)
Responda
  • Zippering
  • Shading
  • Staring
  • Herringbone

Questão 55

Questão
An artifact caused by faulty receiver attenuation settings during prescan is known as
Image:
c9d9b853-5b86-4024-8d83-47ca9b75cd19.gif (image/gif)
Responda
  • Herringbone
  • Shading
  • Data clipping
  • Aliasing

Questão 56

Questão
Figure 6 - 1 displays an example of what type of artifact?
Image:
f0a18d51-17fa-4da1-9f2b-8188eae253c1 (image/png)
Responda
  • Aliasing
  • Truncation
  • Foldover
  • Magnetic Susceptibility

Questão 57

Questão
Figure 6-2 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
65332502-a322-43a1-a4fc-74282a08e767 (image/png)
Responda
  • Magnetic susceptibility
  • Phase wrap
  • RF zipper
  • Magnetic susceptibility & RF zipper

Questão 58

Questão
Figure 6-3 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
94f864e6-11ac-4cf8-a964-51c767a0aeb2 (image/png)
Responda
  • Ringing
  • Phase wrap
  • Chemical shift
  • Cross talk

Questão 59

Questão
Figure 6-4 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
085699c1-4034-4e4c-9769-607d47a7ebd9 (image/png)
Responda
  • Phase mismapping
  • Aliasing
  • Chemical shift
  • Cross excitation

Questão 60

Questão
Figure 6-5 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
6b0fc6a7-b561-42dd-8158-e9906ab3a879 (image/png)
Responda
  • Truncation
  • Aliasing
  • Cross excitation
  • Chemical shift

Questão 61

Questão
Figure 6-6 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
cb8b8b15-bed5-4d01-86c7-5da132131837 (image/png)
Responda
  • Aliasing
  • Truncation
  • Chemical shift
  • Phase mismapping

Questão 62

Questão
Figure 6-7 displays an example of what type of artifact
Image:
6116c789-1b47-4b9a-bcea-2695930ac295 (image/png)
Responda
  • Aliasing
  • Truncation
  • Chemical shift
  • Phase mismapping

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