Chapter 18

monopolies, new technology, money and land from government

abundance of natural resources and labor, free trade, monopolies

new technology, expanded markets, free trade, money and land from government

abundance of natural resources and labor

steamship, airplanes, telephone, telegraph

railroad, steamship, telegraph, telephone

automobiles, railroads, telephone, telegraph

railroad, steamships, telephone, Ford automobiles

direct routes, greater speed, safety and comfort than other transports, dependable schedules year round

traveled faster than ships, dependable, connected small towns

direct routes, popular transportation, communicated messages faster than ships or horses

traveled where rivers and canals couldn't, created new towns, connected cities, nationals markets, provided labor

land and money grants promoted waste and corruption among officials

businesses formed separate construction companies in which they bribed government officials to avoid investigations when they built into Indian territory

settled the West, carried government freight, troops, supplies, and mail

All of the above

Transcontinental Railroad, New York Central Railroad, Erie Railroad, Connecticut Railroad

Baltimore and Ohio, Erie Railroad, New York Central Railroad, Pennsylvania Railroad

Florida Lines Railroad, Erie Railroad, Transcontinental Railroad, West Virginia Railroad

Baltimore and Ohio, Connecticut Railroad, New York Central Railroad

in need of money, railroads turned to bankers who imposed order upon the industry

companies/businessmen bought and sold railroads as if they were toys, rate wars broke out frequently

spectators built parallel lines to force rivals to buy it at inflated prices, managers offered special rates and favors to keep up with competition

towns and cities popped up along major lines and created new jobs and homes for many

construction began in Omaha, Nebraska and Sacramento, California in 1863 received money, 30 year loan, and land from Congress for each mile of track built Charles Crocker began from Sacramento, hired Chinese immigrants, built over rough terrain Gen. Grenville M. Dodge began in Omaha, hired ex-soldiers and Irish immigrants, built over plains with some Indian confrontations both met at Promontory Point, Utah on May 10, 1869

construction began in Promontory Point, Utah and Sacramento, California in 1863 each team received $48,000 to begin construction Charles Crocker began from Sacramento, hired Chinese immigrants, built over rough terrain Gen. Grenville M. Dodge began in Omaha, hired ex-soldiers and Irish immigrants, built over plains with some Indian confrontations both met at Omaha, Nebraska on May 10, 1866

construction began in Promontory Point, Utah and Sacramento, California in 1865 each team received $48,000 to begin construction Charles Crocker began from Sacramento, hired Chinese immigrants, built over rough terrain Gen. Grenville M. Dodge began in Omaha, hired ex-soldiers and Irish immigrants, built over plains with some Indian confrontations both met at Omaha, Nebraska on May 10, 1868

construction began in Promontory Point, Utah and Sacramento, California in 1865 received money, 30 year loan, and land from Congress for each mile of track built Gen. Grenville M. Dodge began from Sacramento, hired Chinese immigrants, built over rough terrain Charles Crocker began in Omaha, hired ex-soldiers and Irish immigrants, built over plains with some Indian confrontations both met at Omaha, Nebraska on May 10, 1869

charismatic persona attracted able partners and subordinates

hard worker who utilized vertical integration to his benefits

ruthless and efficient in his work

bought out other oil companies to increase his

ruthless, efficient worker, thought out everything, absorbed or destroyed any competitors

threatened rivals, bribed politicians, employed spies

set up trusts

all of the above

records

phonograph

telephone

electricity

advertisements, chain stores, brand names, mail order houses, catalogs

newspapers, TV ads, catalogs, chain stores, mail order houses, brand names, advertisements

mail order houses, catalogs, window-shopping

advertisements, newspapers, catalogs, chain stores

little pay, long hours, dangerous conditions, no health or educational benefits, no influence in national affairs, labor unions formed

real wages rose, workers benefited from expanding health and educational services, dangerous, common accidents

dangerous, low safety standards, common accidents, low pay

real wages rose, working conditions improved, workers influence in national affairs increased and benefited from expanding health and educational services

real wages rose, working conditions improved, workers influence in national affairs increased and benefited from expanding health and educational services

dangerous, low safety standards, common accidents, low pay

real wages rose, workers benefited from expanding health and educational services, dangerous, common accidents

little pay, long hours, dangerous conditions, no health or educational benefits, no influence in national affairs, labor unions formed

labor unions

Knights of Labor, American Federal of Labor

Haymarket Riot (1886), Pullman Strike (1894)

all of the above