6379045
Descrição
Quiz por Mari Magabo, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Mari Magabo
quase 8 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?
Responda
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Digestion
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Metabolism
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Absorption
-
Catabolism
Questão 2
Questão
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Responda
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Fat content
-
Essential amino acid content
-
Complex carbohydrate content
-
Nonessential amino acid content
Questão 3
Questão
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
Responda
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amino acids.
-
double bonds.
-
saccharide units.
-
peptide linkages.
Questão 4
Questão
What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate in the body?
Responda
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Fiber
-
Starch
-
Glucose
-
Glycogen
Questão 5
Questão
After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?
Responda
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Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum
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Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon
-
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
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Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum
Questão 6
Questão
Which of the following cannot add fat to the body?
Responda
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Alcohol
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Proteins
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Carbohydrates
-
Inorganic nutrients
Questão 7
Questão
Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?
Responda
-
Glucose formation from glycerol
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Pyruvate formation from glucose
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Albumin formation from amino acids
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Palmitic acid formation from acetate
Questão 8
Questão
In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique?
Responda
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Carbon
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Hydrogen
Questão 9
Questão
Any of the following can be used by the body for the synthesis of a nonessential amino acid EXCEPT
Responda
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a fragment of fat.
-
an essential mineral.
-
an essential amino acid.
-
a fragment of carbohydrate.
Questão 10
Questão
The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known as
Responda
-
stiffening
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condensation
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denaturation
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destabilization
Questão 11
Questão
Which of the following is a feature of fat metabolism?
Responda
-
Cholesterol is stored primarily on the surface of veins
-
High-density lipoproteins represent the major transport vehicle for delivering fat to the adipose cells
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Fat storage is highly efficient due to the rapid uptake of the intact triglyceride molecule by adipose cells
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Triglycerides in the blood must first be broken down to monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol prior to uptake by the adipose cells
Questão 12
Questão
The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called
Responda
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digestion
-
absorption
-
excretion
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mastication
Questão 13
Questão
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
Responda
-
diglyceride
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triglyceride
-
phospholipid
-
monoglyceride
Questão 14
Questão
An important function of fat in the body is to
Responda
-
build muscle tissue.
-
regulate blood glucose levels.
-
protect vital organs against shock.
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provide precursors for glucose synthesis.
Questão 15
Questão
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
Responda
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It is absorbed directly into the blood
-
It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
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It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet
-
It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil
Questão 16
Questão
Which of the following terms is NOT used to classify amino acids in the diet?
Responda
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Essential
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Nonessential
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Partially essential
-
Conditionally essential
Questão 17
Questão
When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a
Responda
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dipeptide.
-
diglyceride
-
polypeptide.
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disaccharide.
Questão 18
Questão
A person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day is most likely making a food choice based on
Responda
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habit
-
availability
-
body image
-
environmental concerns
Questão 19
Questão
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells?
Responda
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Diffusion
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Transmigration
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Active transport
-
Facilitated diffusion
Questão 20
Questão
What is a bolus?
Responda
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Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch
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Portion of food swallowed at one time
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Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach
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Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine
Questão 21
Questão
Which of the following is a feature of diabetes?
Responda
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Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese
-
Most people who have diabetes require insulin therapy
-
Diabetes results chiefly from excess dietary intake of simple carbohydrates
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People with type 1 diabetes fail to respond to the insulin made by the pancreas
Questão 22
Questão
Among the following, which would be the least effective method to control blood cholesterol levels?
Responda
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Control body weight
-
Eat more insoluble fiber
-
Consume less saturated fat
-
Engage in physical activity
Questão 23
Questão
What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach?
Responda
-
Chyme
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Liquid food
-
Gastric mucus
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Semiliquid mass
Questão 24
Questão
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Responda
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Saturated
-
Monounsaturated
-
Polyunsaturated
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Partially hydrogenated
Questão 25
Questão
The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to
Responda
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raise the pH of chyme.
-
lower the pH of chyme.
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hydrolyze large peptides.
-
provide a little fizz in your life.
Questão 26
Questão
When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often a
Responda
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uric acid.
-
keto acid.
-
folic acid.
-
gluco acid.
Questão 27
Questão
A low risk of cardiovascular disease correlates with high blood levels of
Responda
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triglycerides.
-
free fatty acids.
-
high-density lipoproteins.
-
very-low-density lipoproteins.
Questão 28
Questão
When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in
Responda
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a healthy state.
-
nitrogen equilibrium.
-
positive nitrogen balance.
-
negative nitrogen balance.
Questão 29
Questão
Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?
Responda
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Colon
-
Ileum
-
Stomach
-
Duodenum
Questão 30
Questão
A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)
Responda
-
neutraceutical
-
metabolic unit.
-
organic nutrient.
-
essential nutrient.
Questão 31
Questão
Bile is known to assist in the absorption of
Responda
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fat only.
-
all nutrients.
-
carbohydrate and fat only.
-
carbohydrate, fat, and protein only.
Questão 32
Questão
Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of making poor food choices?
Responda
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Over the long term, they will reduce lifespan in some people
-
They can promote heart disease and cancer over the long term
-
Over the long term, they will not affect lifespan in some people
-
When made over just a single day, they exert great harm to your health
Questão 33
Questão
Which of the following is an example of the difference between the chemical bonds in starch and those in cellulose?
Responda
-
Starch bonds are single
-
Starch bonds are fatty acids
-
Cellulose bonds release energy
-
Cellulose bonds are not hydrolyzed by human enzymes
Questão 34
Questão
Which of the following is a consequence of excess protein intake?
Responda
-
Decreased excretion of calcium
-
Decreased size of the liver and kidneys
-
Increased production and excretion of urea
-
Increased protein storage by the liver and kidneys
Questão 35
Questão
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient?
Responda
-
Lecithin
-
Cholesterol
-
Stearic acid
-
Linoleic acid
Questão 36
Questão
Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
Responda
-
Glucose
-
Maltose
-
Sucrose
-
Fructose
Questão 37
Questão
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
Responda
-
Body cells will synthesize it
-
Protein synthesis will be limited
-
Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate
-
Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid
Questão 38
Questão
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
Responda
-
Corn
-
Olives
-
Roasted turkey
-
Roasted peanuts
Questão 39
Questão
After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?
Responda
-
Free amino acids only
-
Free amino acids and oligopeptides
-
Free amino acids and dipeptides only
-
Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides
Questão 40
Questão
What term is specific to reactions in which simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules?
Responda
-
Anabolic
-
Catabolic
-
Ergogenic
-
Gluconeogenic
Questão 41
Questão
In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found?
Responda
-
Plant foods
-
Health foods
-
Animal products
-
Protein-rich foods
Questão 42
Questão
What type of nutrient is starch?
Responda
-
Fiber
-
Gluten
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Simple carbohydrate
-
Complex carbohydrate
Questão 43
Questão
The hepatic portal vein empties into the
Responda
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liver
-
heart
-
pancreas
-
hepatic vein.
Questão 44
Questão
Nutrients are chemicals obtained from food and used by the body to provide energy.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 45
Questão
Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
Responda
-
A vat-like vessel
-
A rigid, solid tunnel
-
A flexible muscular tube
-
A firm, duct-like channel
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