BIO 111 Practice Exam 2

Prokaryotic (no nucleus), circular DNA, does not go thru meiosis/mitosis, not haploid/diploid, reproduction by binary fission, smallest life form, ancient life form, extreme habitat diversity

Life from Kingdom Monera reproduce by binary fission.

Cell wall of eubacteria is composed of:

An ENDOSPORE is a swelling in the middle or end of a cell that allows it to survive extreme conditions. Some endospores produce deadly toxins and new cells.

BOTULISM means it cannot be killed by normal boiling.

The steps of gram staining include:

Gram positive-purple stains mean

Gram negative-pink stains mean

CYANOBACTERIA

Examples of cyanobacteria include Nostac and Oscillataria.

ARCHAEBACTERIA...

Methanogens are a type of [blank_start]archae[blank_end]bacteria that produce methane gas. They are obligate [blank_start]anerobes[blank_end]. [blank_start]Ruminants[blank_end] is methane bacteria that contributes to the 30% of methane gas in the atmosphere.

Extreme halophiles are salt loving.

Extreme halophiles are salt loving and are obligate [blank_start]aerobes[blank_end].

Extreme thermophiles are heat loving and obligate anarobes.

Nostac is a [blank_start]nitrogen[blank_end]-fixing bacteria. It has a special cell called a heterocyte that fixes the element [blank_start]nitrogen[blank_end] while other cells photosynthesize.

Eubacteria that can fix nitrogen live in root nodules of legume plants.

[blank_start]Mutualism[blank_end] is where both organisms benefit. [blank_start]Commensalism[blank_end] is where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected. [blank_start]Parasitism[blank_end] is when one organism benefits while the other is harmed.

The site of photosynthesis is the chloroplast.

The mitochondria organelle is the site for respiration.