Questão 1
Questão
A [blank_start]rock[blank_end] is a naturally occurring [blank_start]solid[blank_end] mixture of 1 or more [blank_start]minerals[blank_end] or [blank_start]organic[blank_end] matter
Responda
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rock
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solid
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minerals
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organic
Questão 2
Questão
All rocks are classified based on their:
Responda
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Composition
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mafic/felsic
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texture
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origin
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Grain size
Questão 3
Questão
Composition: The [blank_start]chemical makeup[blank_end] of a rock; describes either the [blank_start]minerals[blank_end] or other materials in the rock.
Questão 4
Questão
Texture: Based on the [blank_start]sizes[blank_end], [blank_start]shapes[blank_end], and [blank_start]positions[blank_end] of the rock's [blank_start]grains[blank_end].
Responda
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sizes
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shapes
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positions
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grains
Questão 5
Questão
The texture of a rock can give clues to the rock's __________.
Responda
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acidity
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origin
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color
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crystal sizes
Questão 6
Questão
Intrusive rocks were formed in [blank_start]magma[blank_end]
Extrusive rocks were formed in [blank_start]lava[blank_end]
Questão 7
Questão
Mafic: [blank_start]High[blank_end] density, [blank_start]dark[blank_end] color, [blank_start]high[blank_end] temp
Felsic: [blank_start]Low[blank_end] density, [blank_start]light[blank_end] color, [blank_start]low[blank_end] temp
Responda
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High
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dark
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high
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Low
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light
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low
Questão 8
Questão
Phaneritic: [blank_start]intrusive[blank_end] rock, crystals are [blank_start]easily[blank_end] visible w/ naked eye, cooled [blank_start]slow[blank_end] [blank_start]in[blank_end] the earth
Responda
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intrusive
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easily
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slow
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inside
Questão 9
Questão
Aphanitic: [blank_start]Extrusive[blank_end] rock, crystals are [blank_start]not[blank_end] easily visible w/ naked eye, cool [blank_start]fast[blank_end] on the [blank_start]surface[blank_end] of the earth
Responda
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Extrusive
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not
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fast
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surface
Questão 10
Questão
Porphyritic: [blank_start]Intrusive-extrusive[blank_end] rock, [blank_start]mix[blank_end] of [blank_start]larger[blank_end] crystals and very [blank_start]small[blank_end] crystals, cool [blank_start]slow underground[blank_end], then pushed
up to the [blank_start]surface[blank_end] to finish cooling [blank_start]fast[blank_end]
Responda
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Intrusive-extrusive
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mix
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large
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small
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slow underground
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fast
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surface
Questão 11
Questão
Vesicular: [blank_start]Extrusive[blank_end] rock, [blank_start]no[blank_end] crystals, [blank_start]instead[blank_end] there are [blank_start]holes[blank_end], cool [blank_start]extremely fast[blank_end] on the [blank_start]surface[blank_end] of the earth, come out of [blank_start]volcano[blank_end] [blank_start]solid[blank_end]
Responda
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Extrusive
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no
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holes
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instead
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extremely fast
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surface
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volcano
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solid
Questão 12
Questão
Glassy: [blank_start]Extrusive[blank_end] rock, [blank_start]no[blank_end] crystals, cool [blank_start]extremely fast[blank_end] on the [blank_start]surface[blank_end] of the earth, come out of [blank_start]volcano[blank_end] [blank_start]solid[blank_end]
Responda
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Extrusive
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no
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extremely fast
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surface
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volcano
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solid
Questão 13
Questão
Define Pyroclastics
Questão 14
Questão
The 5 criteria of Minerals
Questão 15
Questão
[blank_start]Atoms[blank_end]: Part of an element that contains its properties
[blank_start]Element[blank_end]: Pure substance that cannot be broken down anymore
[blank_start]Compounds[blank_end]: Two or more different elements bonded together
[blank_start]Crystal[blank_end]: a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern
Responda
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Atoms
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Element
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Compounds
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Crystal
Questão 16
Questão
All minerals are made of [blank_start]atoms[blank_end], [blank_start]elements[blank_end], [blank_start]compounds[blank_end], and [blank_start]crystals[blank_end]
Responda
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atoms
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elements
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compounds
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crystals
Questão 17
Questão
4 most common rock forming minerals:
Responda
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Halite
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Calcite
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Sulfur
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Mica
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Quartz
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Pyrite
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Feldspar
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Gypsum
Questão 18
Questão
Groups minerals can be broken into based on composition: [blank_start]silicate[blank_end] & [blank_start]non-silicate[blank_end]
Questão 19
Questão
Silicate: They [blank_start]do[blank_end] contain [blank_start]silicon[blank_end] & [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end]
Questão 20
Questão
Non-silicate: They [blank_start]don't[blank_end] contain [blank_start]silicon[blank_end] & [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end]
Questão 21
Questão
3 main groups of non-silicates:
Responda
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Carbonates
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Carbonites
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Feldspar
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Oxygen & Silicon
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Oxides
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Native Elements
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Natural Elements
Questão 22
Questão
Carbonates: Contain [blank_start]carbon[blank_end] & [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] bonded together ([blank_start]CO3[blank_end])
Questão 23
Questão
Silicates must have oxygen and silicon bonded together
Questão 24
Questão
Non-silicates can still be non-silicates even if they have unbonded oxygen and silicon
Questão 25
Questão
Oxides: Contain [blank_start]metal[blank_end] & [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] bonded together
Questão 26
Questão
Native elements: Contain [blank_start]1[blank_end] element(s)
Questão 27
Questão
Visual properties: [blank_start]color[blank_end], [blank_start]luster[blank_end]
Questão 28
Questão
Testable properties: [blank_start]streak[blank_end], [blank_start]cleavage[blank_end]
Questão 29
Questão
How a mineral breaks: [blank_start]fracture[blank_end], [blank_start]cleavage[blank_end]
Questão 30
Questão
Most common breakage: [blank_start]Cleavage[blank_end]
Questão 31
Questão
Least reliable property: [blank_start]color[blank_end]
Questão 32
Questão
Luster: How mineral [blank_start]reflects[blank_end] light
Questão 33
Questão
Streak: [blank_start]color[blank_end] of [blank_start]powder[blank_end]ed mineral
Questão 34
Questão
Hardness: Measure of a mineral’s ability to [blank_start]resist[blank_end] scratching
Questão 35
Questão
Which one measures hardness
Responda
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Bowen's
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Moh's
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Leuenhoek
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Dalton's
Questão 36
Questão
Moh's scale goes up to [blank_start]10[blank_end]
Questão 37
Questão
Fracture: mineral breaks along [blank_start]curved or irregular[blank_end] surfaces
Questão 38
Questão
Cleavage: Mineral breaks along [blank_start]flat[blank_end] surfaces
Questão 39
Questão
Calcite: [blank_start]Reacts w/ acid[blank_end]
Hematite: [blank_start]Red-Brown Streak[blank_end]
Halite: [blank_start]Tastes like salt[blank_end]
Magnetite: [blank_start]Magnetic[blank_end]
Pyrite: [blank_start]Fool's Gold[blank_end]
Sulfur: [blank_start]Smells like rotten eggs[blank_end]
Responda
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Reacts w/ acid
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Red-Brown Streak
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Tastes like salt
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Magnetic
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Fool's Gold
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Smells like rotten eggs
Questão 40
Questão
[blank_start]Weathering[blank_end]: Break down
[blank_start]Erosion[blank_end]: Break down & move
[blank_start]Deposition[blank_end]: Deposit
Responda
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Weathering
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Erosion
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Deposition
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Weathering
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Erosion
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Deposition
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Weathering
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Erosion
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Deposition
Questão 41
Questão
Types of weathering: [blank_start]Mechanical[blank_end] & [blank_start]Chemical[blank_end]
Questão 42
Questão
Mechanical Weathering: Rocks are broken down by [blank_start]physical[blank_end] means into [blank_start]smaller[blank_end] pieces
Questão 43
Questão
Chemical Weathering: Rocks are broken down by [blank_start]chemical[blank_end] means thus [blank_start]altering[blank_end] the mineral
Questão 44
Questão
Clastic rocks: [blank_start]Mechanical[blank_end] Weathering
Non-Clastic rocks: [blank_start]Chemical[blank_end] Weathering
Questão 45
Questão
Clastic rocks are mainly made of [blank_start]quartz[blank_end]
Questão 46
Questão
Sedimentary Structures:
[blank_start]Ripple Marks[blank_end] - Shows water currents
[blank_start]Mud Cracks[blank_end] - Shows climatic conditions
[blank_start]Lamination[blank_end] - Record current flow/wind deposits (like [blank_start]sand dunes[blank_end])
Responda
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Ripple Marks
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Mud Cracks
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Lamination
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sand dunes
Questão 47
Questão
Sedimentary rocks [blank_start]preserve[blank_end] fossils
Questão 48
Questão
All metamorphic rocks have a(n) [blank_start]adult rock[blank_end], the rock which was altered to form the new metamorphic rock.
Questão 49
Questão
[blank_start]Index Minerals[blank_end] within the rock indicate the temperature and pressures the rock formed in.
Questão 50
Questão
[blank_start]Metamorphic Grade[blank_end]: the temperatures and pressures the rocks form. As temperature and pressure increase, the grade [blank_start]increases[blank_end]
Responda
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Metamorphic Grade
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increases
Questão 51
Questão
[blank_start]Contact[blank_end]: Occurs when rocks come in contact with magma and are “baked” from the intense heat. Usually made of [blank_start]1[blank_end] mineral.
Questão 52
Questão
[blank_start]Regional[blank_end]: Occurs with an increase in temperatures and pressures with depth. Usually associated with [blank_start]subduction[blank_end] zones.
Questão 53
Questão
Foliated: Minerals are [blank_start]aligned[blank_end], [blank_start]regional[blank_end]
Questão 54
Questão
Non-foliated: Minerals are [blank_start]not aligned[blank_end], [blank_start]contact[blank_end]
Questão 55
Responda
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cooling
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Weathering/erosion
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Compacting/cemeting
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Heat/pressure
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melting